It is important to determine what a student already knows, what concepts he or she is comfortable with, and if he or she has any specific concerns during the first session. It can be very helpful to review past work. This knowledge helps to direct future tutoring sessions so that the student can learn as efficiently as possible and begin to improve immediately.

I believe that motivation suffers both when a student becomes frustrated and when he or she does not think the subject is important. The best ways to combat frustration are to emphasize progress the student has made and to be certain that lessons blend difficult concepts with easier ones. If a student thinks that a subject is unimportant, it can help to discuss future goals or personal experiences when the concepts or even the study practices will be useful.

I think it is important to know a little bit about a student, and for the student to know a bit about me. I know that a single academic area does not define a person, and I want my students to know that as well. Also, if a student is not comfortable talking with me, then it is more difficult for he or she to express him- or herself, and communication is important to effective learning.

I celebrate whenever a student makes an improvement, no matter how small. These accomplishments deserve to be acknowledged, and that acknowledgement demonstrates to students that they are making progress and can trust in themselves and their ability to understand a subject, even if it takes them a little longer.