Middle School Physical Science : Determine the relationships between energy transfer and change in kinetic energy
Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Middle School Physical Science
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Example Questions
Example Question #1 : Determine The Relationships Between Energy Transfer And Change In Kinetic Energy
Which of these is an example of conduction?
It’s hot outside so you start sweating
Hot air balloons rise up
You feel warm when you stand by the fire
A spoon in a cup of hot soup gets warmer
A spoon in a cup of hot soup gets warmer
The answer is "A spoon in a cup of hot soup gets warmer."
When heat energy is transferred to objects, the kinetic energy of the particles changes. Heat energy always moves towards equilibrium, meaning that hotter objects transfer their heat to colder objects, and at an atomic level kinetic energy is transferred from faster moving particles to slower moving particles.
There are three types of heat transfer, conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction: transfer of heat between two atoms that are touching
Radiation: transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves (light) where particles are not touching
Convection: transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquid or gas) where hot particles rise and cold particles sink
Example Question #2 : Determine The Relationships Between Energy Transfer And Change In Kinetic Energy
Which of these is an example of convection?
you burn your hand when touching a hot stove
heat from the sun causes sunburns
you feel warm around a fire
Hot air balloons rise up
Hot air balloons rise up
The answer is "Hot air balloons rise up"
When heat energy is transferred to objects, the kinetic energy of the particles changes. Heat energy always moves towards equilibrium, meaning that hotter objects transfer their heat to colder objects, and at an atomic level kinetic energy is transferred from faster moving particles to slower moving particles.
There are three types of heat transfer, conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction: transfer of heat between two atoms that are touching
Radiation: transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves (light) where particles are not touching
Convection: transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquid or gas) where hot particles rise and cold particles sink
Example Question #3 : Determine The Relationships Between Energy Transfer And Change In Kinetic Energy
Which of these is an example of radiation?
you touch a hot stove and get burned
a hot pan fries an egg
warm air rises in a room being cooled by an air conditioner
you feel warm around a fire
you feel warm around a fire
The answer is "you feel warm around a fire."
When heat energy is transferred to objects, the kinetic energy of the particles changes. Heat energy always moves towards equilibrium, meaning that hotter objects transfer their heat to colder objects, and at an atomic level kinetic energy is transferred from faster moving particles to slower moving particles.
There are three types of heat transfer, conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction: transfer of heat between two atoms that are touching
Radiation: transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves (light) where particles are not touching
Convection: transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquid or gas) where hot particles rise and cold particles sink
Example Question #4 : Determine The Relationships Between Energy Transfer And Change In Kinetic Energy
In conduction, heat energy always moves:
from colder objects to warmer objects
from warmer objects to colder objects
upwards
in circles through both touching objects
from warmer objects to colder objects
the answer is "from warmer objects to colder objects"
When heat energy is transferred to objects, the kinetic energy of the particles changes. Heat energy always moves towards equilibrium, meaning that hotter objects transfer their heat to colder objects, and at an atomic level kinetic energy is transferred from faster moving particles to slower moving particles.
There are three types of heat transfer, conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction: transfer of heat between two atoms that are touching
Radiation: transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves (light) where particles are not touching
Convection: transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquid or gas) where hot particles rise and cold particles sink
Example Question #5 : Determine The Relationships Between Energy Transfer And Change In Kinetic Energy
At an atomic level, when an object is heated up:
the kinetic energy of its particles increases
the kinetic energy of its particles does not change
the kinetic energy of its particles decreases
the kinetic energy of its particles increases
The answer is "the kinetic energy of its particles increases."
When heat energy is transferred to objects, the kinetic energy of the particles changes. Heat energy always moves towards equilibrium, meaning that hotter objects transfer their heat to colder objects, and at an atomic level kinetic energy is transferred from faster moving particles to slower moving particles.
There are three types of heat transfer, conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction: transfer of heat between two atoms that are touching
Radiation: transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves (light) where particles are not touching
Convection: transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquid or gas) where hot particles rise and cold particles sink
Example Question #6 : Determine The Relationships Between Energy Transfer And Change In Kinetic Energy
Which of these would require the most thermal energy to warm up?
50 kg of steel
100 kg of steel
10 kg of steel
they will all require the same amount of energy to heat up
100 kg of steel
The answer is 100 kg of steel because more mass will require more energy to bring to a constant temperature.
Example Question #6 : Determine The Relationships Between Energy Transfer And Change In Kinetic Energy
If a piece of iron is very hot, the average kinetic energy of the particles in the iron is:
high because the temperature is high
low because the temperature is high
high because the temperature is low
low because the temperature is low
high because the temperature is high
The answer is "high because the temperature is high."
When heat energy is transferred to objects, the kinetic energy of the particles changes. Heat energy always moves towards equilibrium, meaning that hotter objects transfer their heat to colder objects, and at an atomic level kinetic energy is transferred from faster moving particles to slower moving particles.
There are three types of heat transfer, conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction: transfer of heat between two atoms that are touching
Radiation: transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves (light) where particles are not touching
Convection: transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquid or gas) where hot particles rise and cold particles sink
Example Question #7 : Determine The Relationships Between Energy Transfer And Change In Kinetic Energy
You are doing an experiment where you pour different amounts of hot water into the 200mL of cold water and measure the final temperature. The purpose of a “control” in an experiment is to see what would happen if you did NOT do a test. If we are testing how the volume of warm water effects energy transfer, which cup is our control?
200 mL of cold water + 200 mL of hot water
an empty cup
200 mL of hot water
200 mL of cold water
200 mL of cold water
The answer is 200 mL of cold water because no hot water was added, and the test was not performed.
When heat energy is transferred to objects, the kinetic energy of the particles changes. Heat energy always moves towards equilibrium, meaning that hotter objects transfer their heat to colder objects, and at an atomic level kinetic energy is transferred from faster moving particles to slower moving particles.
There are three types of heat transfer, conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction: transfer of heat between two atoms that are touching
Radiation: transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves (light) where particles are not touching
Convection: transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquid or gas) where hot particles rise and cold particles sink
Example Question #8 : Determine The Relationships Between Energy Transfer And Change In Kinetic Energy
What is the relationship between kinetic energy and thermal energy?
as thermal energy increases, kinetic energy of the particles increases
as thermal energy increases, kinetic energy of the particles stays the same
as thermal energy increases, kinetic energy of the particles decreases
as thermal energy increases, kinetic energy of the whole object increases and it causes motion
as thermal energy increases, kinetic energy of the particles increases
The answer is, "as thermal energy increases, kinetic energy of the particles increases."
When heat energy is transferred to objects, the kinetic energy of the particles changes. Heat energy always moves towards equilibrium, meaning that hotter objects transfer their heat to colder objects, and at an atomic level kinetic energy is transferred from faster moving particles to slower moving particles.
There are three types of heat transfer, conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction: transfer of heat between two atoms that are touching
Radiation: transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves (light) where particles are not touching
Convection: transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquid or gas) where hot particles rise and cold particles sink
Example Question #9 : Determine The Relationships Between Energy Transfer And Change In Kinetic Energy
Fill in the blank in the statement below:
If more hot water was added to a cup than cold water, the final temperature of the solution would be _________ in comparison to a cup with equal parts cold and hot water.
equal too
less than
greater than
not enough information
greater than
The answer is greater than because the equilibrium temperature would be higher in the cup with more warm water.
When heat energy is transferred to objects, the kinetic energy of the particles changes. Heat energy always moves towards equilibrium, meaning that hotter objects transfer their heat to colder objects, and at an atomic level kinetic energy is transferred from faster moving particles to slower moving particles.
There are three types of heat transfer, conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction: transfer of heat between two atoms that are touching
Radiation: transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves (light) where particles are not touching
Convection: transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquid or gas) where hot particles rise and cold particles sink
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