# GMAT Math : Calculating ratio and proportion

## Example Questions

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### Example Question #143 : Arithmetic

The ratio 4 to is equal to which of the following ratios?

to

to

to

to

to

to

Explanation:

The ratio  to is equal to which is  .

can be written as the ratio  to .

### Example Question #144 : Arithmetic

The annual budget for a road construction project is $25,200 budgeted equally over 12 months. If by the end of the third month the actual expenses have been$7,420, how much has the construction project gone over budget?

Explanation:

The monthly budget is found by:

which for 3 months is a budget of:

To find out how much they are over budget the budgeted amount is subtracted from the actual expenses.

### Example Question #145 : Arithmetic

The ratio  to  is equal to the ratio:

Explanation:

The ratio  to  is the same as ,
which equals a ratio of  to .

Also, if you double both sides of the ratio, you get  to

### Example Question #146 : Arithmetic

Nishita has necklaces, bracelets, and rings in a ratio of 7:5:4. If she has 64 jewelry items total, how many bracelets does she have?

Explanation:

bracelets:

### Example Question #147 : Arithmetic

A box contains red and blue marbles.  The probablity of picking a red is .  There are 30 blue marbles.  How many total marbles are there?

Explanation:

If  are red, then  are blue, and the number of blue marbles can be written as

Plug in the number of blue marbles, 30, and solve for the total marbles.

### Example Question #148 : Arithmetic

On a map, one and a half inches represents sixty actual miles. In terms of , what distance in actual miles is represented by  inches on the map?

Explanation:

Let  be the number of actual miles. Then the proportion statement to be set up, with each ratio being number of actual miles to number of map inches, is:

Simplify the left expression and solve for

### Example Question #149 : Arithmetic

The Kingdom of Zenda uses an unusual currency system. It takes 16 kronkheits to make a grotnik and 12 grotniks to make a gazoo.

At current, $1 can be exchanged for 8 grotniks and 8 kronkheits. For how much American currency can a visitor from Zenda exchange a 100-gazoo bill, to the nearest cent? Possible Answers: None of the other choices is the correct amount. Correct answer: Explanation:$1 can be exchanged for 8 grotniks and 8 kronkheits, or, equivalently, 8.5 grotniks  (8 kronkheits is one-half of a grotnik). 100 gazoos is equal to  grotniks. Therefore, if  is the number of dollars that can be exchanged for the 100-gazoo bill, we can set up the proportion:

Solve for :

That is, the 100-gazoo bill can be exchanged for $141.18. ### Example Question #1 : Calculating Ratio And Proportion In a certain classroom all of the students are either sophomores or juniors. The number of boys and girls in the classroom are equal. Of the girls, are sophomores, and there are 24 junior boys. If the number of junior boys in the classroom are in the same proportion to the total amount of boys as the number of sophomore girls are to the total number of girls, how many students are in the classroom? Possible Answers: Correct answer: Explanation: This question seems convoluted but is actually more simple than it seems. We are told that the number of girls and boys in the classroom are equal and that of the girls are sophomores. We are then told that 24 of the boys are juniors, and that they represent a proportion of total boys equal to the proportion of sophomore girls to total girls. This means that: ==> where is the total number of boys. If we know that the number of boys and girls in the class are equal, then the total number of students in the class = 112. ### Example Question #2 : Calculating Ratio And Proportion The Duchy of Grand Fenwick uses an unusual currency system. It takes 24 tiny fenwicks to make a big fenwick. At current exchange rates, 1 big fenwick can be exchanged for$3.26 American currency. For how much in Grand Fenwick currency can an American tourist exchange $300 (rounded to the nearest tiny fenwick)? Possible Answers: 296 big fenwicks and 16 tiny fenwicks None of the other choices gives the correct amount of currency. 108 big fenwicks and 16 tiny fenwicks 40 big fenwicks and 18 tiny fenwicks 92 big fenwicks and 1 tiny fenwick Correct answer: 92 big fenwicks and 1 tiny fenwick Explanation:$3.26 can be exchanged for 1 big fenwick, or, equivalently, 24 tiny fenwicks. We can set up a proportion statement, where  is the number of tiny fenwicks for which $300 can be exchanged: Solve for : The answer is 2,209 tiny fenwicks, which can be counted up with division: or 92 big fenwicks and 1 tiny fenwick. ### Example Question #3 : Calculating Ratio And Proportion Five different pizza places offer five different specials. Assuming that all of these pizzas are of the same thickness and that all are of the same quality, which of the following is the best buy? Possible Answers: A 9 inch by 9 inch square pizza for$6.99

A round pizza 12 inches in diameter for $8.99 A round pizza 10 inches in diameter for$5.99

A 12 inch by 8 inch rectangular pizza for $9.99 A 10 inch by 10 inch square pizza for$7.99

A round pizza 10 inches in diameter for $5.99 Explanation: Since all of the pizzas are of the same thickness and quality, to determine the best bargain, calculate the price per square inch of each. The least amount will mark the best bargain. Edit this later A round pizza 10 inches in diameter for$5.99:

The area of the pizza in square inches is

The cost per square inch:   or 7.6 cents

A round pizza 12 inches in diameter for $8.99 The area of the pizza in square inches is The cost per square inch: or 7.9 cents A 9 inch by 9 inch square pizza for$6.99

The area of the pizza in square inches is

The cost per square inch:   or 8.6 cents

A 10 inch by 10 inch square pizza for $7.99 The area of the pizza in square inches is The cost per square inch: or 8.0 cents A 12 inch by 8 inch rectangular pizza for$9.99:

The area of the pizza in square inches is

The cost per square inch:   or 10.4 cents

The round pizza 10 inches in diameter for \$5.99 is the best buy.

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