Human Anatomy and Physiology : Identifying Muscles of the Upper Extremities

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Example Questions

Example Question #31 : Identifying Muscles Of The Upper Extremities

Which muscle are the primary movers for shoulder extension and elbow extension?

Possible Answers:

Biceps brachii

Latissimus dorsi

Triceps brachii

Pectoralis major

Posterior head of deltoid

Correct answer:

Triceps brachii

Explanation:

The triceps brachii is the only muscle that performs both elbow extension and shoulder extension. The latissimus dorsi does allow for shoulder extension, however does not include the elbow. 

Example Question #145 : Muscles

Which muscle's only action is to pronate the forearm?

Possible Answers:

Supinator

Tensor fascia latae

Anconeus

Brachioradialis

Pronator quadratus

Correct answer:

Pronator quadratus

Explanation:

The pronator quadratus's only action is pronation of the forearm. 

Example Question #33 : Identifying Muscles Of The Upper Extremities

Which muscles sole action is to supinate the forearm?

Possible Answers:

Pronator quadratus

Brachialis

Extensor digitorum brevis

Supinator

Palmaris longus

Correct answer:

Supinator

Explanation:

The supinator does just what is says, supinates the forearm. 

Example Question #32 : Identifying Muscles Of The Upper Extremities

The extensor carpi ulnaris muscle __________.

Possible Answers:

only extends the wrist joint

is part of the flexor group of muscles of the forearm

extends and adducts the hand at the wrist joint

adducts and abducts the hand at the wrist joint

extends and abducts the hand at the wrist joint

Correct answer:

extends and adducts the hand at the wrist joint

Explanation:

The extensor carpi ulnaris muscle functions as an extensor and adductor of the hand at the wrist joint. It is part of the extensor group of muscles of the forearm and originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and posterior border of the ulna. It inserts into the fifth metacarpal.

Example Question #33 : Identifying Muscles Of The Upper Extremities

Large muscles of the upper extremity __________.

Possible Answers:

would not include the deltoid 

always have one action on one structure

always have the same directional fibers and actions

can have various directional fibers having different actions

would not include muscles that move the upper arm

Correct answer:

can have various directional fibers having different actions

Explanation:

Large muscles of the upper extremity would include muscles that move the upper arm and may have various directional fibers having different actions. An example of such a muscle is the deltoid; its lateral fibers abduct the arm at the shoulder joint, the anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm, and the posterior fibers flex and laterally rotate the arm. 

Example Question #34 : Identifying Muscles Of The Upper Extremities

Which answer choice correctly states the number of each type of vertebrae?

Possible Answers:

12 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal

4 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 7 coccygeal

7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal

7 cervical, 5 thoracic, 4 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 12 coccygeal

12 cervical, 7 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 4 sacral, and 5 coccygeal

Correct answer:

7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal

Explanation:

The human vertebral column consists of 33 vertebrae. The lumbar vertebrae at the base of the spine are thickest and bear most of the weight of the trunk. The bottom 5 sacral vertebrae and 4 coccygeal vertebrae are fused. Both sets of fused vertebrae comprise two different bones, the sacrum and the coccyx respectively. The 12 thoracic vertebrae contain facets on the bodies and on the transverse processes (except T11 and T12) for articulation with the ribs.

Example Question #151 : Muscles

Which make up the wrist and the body of the hand?

Possible Answers:

tarsals and phalanges

carpals and metacarpals

carpals and phalanges

tarsals and metatarsals

Correct answer:

carpals and metacarpals

Explanation:

The carpals and metacarpals make up the wrist and the body of the hand, respectively. The tarsals and metatarsals make up the ankle and the body of the foot, respectively. The phalanges are the bones of the fingers and toes.

Example Question #35 : Identifying Muscles Of The Upper Extremities

If the efferent arteriole becomes constricted, what is likely to occur in the nephron?

Possible Answers:

Glomerular filtration rate will decrease due to a loss in blood pressure

Glomerular filtration rate will remain the same

The increased hydrostatic pressure will elevate glomerular filtration rate

Fluid backup will cause the nephron to rupture

The increased osmotic pressure will elevate glomerular filtration rate

Correct answer:

The increased hydrostatic pressure will elevate glomerular filtration rate

Explanation:

The efferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus, and so if it is constricted, the blood pressure behind it will increase. The raise in blood pressure will result in an increase in hydrostatic pressure, pushing additional fluid through the glomerulus i.e elevated glomerular filtration rate. While high hydrostatic pressure does cause damage to the nephron, the nephron rupturing is too extreme of a statement and requires assumptions that are not necessarily valid.

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