# AP Calculus BC : Ratio Test and Comparing Series

## Example Questions

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### Example Question #103 : Series In Calculus

Determine if the following series is divergent, convergent or neither.

Divergent

Both

Convergent

Neither

Inconclusive

Convergent

Explanation:

In order to figure out if

is divergent, convergent or neither, we need to use the ratio test.

Remember that the ratio test is as follows.

Suppose we have a series . We define,

Then if

, the series is absolutely convergent.

, the series is divergent.

, the series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent.

Now lets apply the ratio test to our problem.

Let

and

Now

Now lets simplify this expression to

.

Since

.

We have sufficient evidence to conclude that the series is convergent.

### Example Question #1 : Sequences & Series

Determine if the following series is divergent, convergent or neither.

Both

Convergent

Inconclusive

Neither

Divergent

Divergent

Explanation:

In order to figure if

is convergent, divergent or neither, we need to use the ratio test.

Remember that the ratio test is as follows.

Suppose we have a series . We define,

Then if

, the series is absolutely convergent.

, the series is divergent.

, the series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent.

Now lets apply the ratio test to our problem.

Let

and

Now

.

Now lets simplify this expression to

.

Since ,

we have sufficient evidence to conclude that the series is divergent.

### Example Question #104 : Series In Calculus

Determine if the following series is divergent, convergent or neither.

Inconclusive

Neither

Divergent

Convergent

Both

Divergent

Explanation:

In order to figure if

is convergent, divergent or neither, we need to use the ratio test.

Remember that the ratio test is as follows.

Suppose we have a series . We define,

Then if

, the series is absolutely convergent.

, the series is divergent.

, the series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent.

Now lets apply the ratio test to our problem.

Let

and

.

Now

.

Now lets simplify this expression to

.

Since ,

we have sufficient evidence to conclude that the series is divergent.

### Example Question #1 : Ratio Test And Comparing Series

Determine if the following series is convergent, divergent or neither.

Divergent

Neither

More tests are needed.

Inconclusive

Convergent

Divergent

Explanation:

To determine if

is convergent, divergent or neither, we need to use the ratio test.

The ratio test is as follows.

Suppose we a series  . Then we define,

.

If

the series is absolutely convergent (and therefore convergent).

the series is divergent.

the series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent.

Now lets apply this to our situtation.

Let

and

Now

We can rearrange the expression to be

Now lets simplify this.

When we evaluate the limit, we get.

.

Since , we have sufficient evidence to conclude that the series diverges.

### Example Question #1 : Ratio Test And Comparing Series

Determine if the following series is divergent, convergent or neither.

Neither

More tests are needed.

Divergent

Inconclusive

Convegent

Convegent

Explanation:

To determine if

is convergent, divergent or neither, we need to use the ratio test.

The ratio test is as follows.

Suppose we a series  . Then we define,

.

If

the series is absolutely convergent (and thus convergent).

the series is divergent.

the series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent.

Now lets apply this to our situtation.

Let

and

Now

We can rearrange the expression to be

.

Now lets simplify this.

When we evaluate the limit, we get.

.

Since , we have sufficient evidence to conclude that the series converges.

### Example Question #81 : Polynomial Approximations And Series

Determine if the following series is convergent, divergent or neither.

More tests needed.

Inconclusive

Divergent

Convergent

Neither

Divergent

Explanation:

To determine if

is convergent, divergent or neither, we need to use the ratio test.

The ratio test is as follows.

Suppose we a series  . Then we define,

.

If

the series is absolutely convergent (therefore convergent).

the series is divergent.

the series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent.

Now lets apply this to our situtation.

Let

and

Now

We can rearrange the expression to be

Now lets simplify this.

When we evaluate the limit, we get.

.

Since , we have sufficient evidence to conclude that the series diverges.

### Example Question #1 : Ratio Test And Comparing Series

Determine if the following series is divergent, convergent or neither.

Inconclusive

Divergent

More tests are needed.

Convergent

Neither

Divergent

Explanation:

To determine if

is convergent, divergent or neither, we need to use the ratio test.

The ratio test is as follows.

Suppose we a series  . Then we define,

.

If

the series is absolutely convergent (and thus convergent).

the series is divergent.

the series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent.

Now lets apply this to our situtation.

Let

and

Now

We can simplify the expression to be

When we evaluate the limit, we get.

.

Since , we have sufficient evidence to conclude that the series diverges.

### Example Question #75 : Ratio Test

Determine of the following series is convergent, divergent or neither.

Divergent

Neither

Inconclusive.

Convergent

More tests are needed.

Divergent

Explanation:

To determine whether this series is convergent, divergent or neither

we need to remember the ratio test.

The ratio test is as follows.

Suppose we a series  . Then we define,

.

If

the series is absolutely convergent (and therefore convergent).

the series is divergent.

the series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent.

Now lets apply this to our situtation.

Let

and

Now

We can rearrange the expression to be

Now lets simplify this to.

When we evaluate the limit, we get.

.

Since , we have sufficient evidence to conclude that the series is divergent.

### Example Question #76 : Ratio Test

Determine what the following series converges to using the ratio test and whether the series is convergent, divergent or neither.

, and divergent.

, and neither.

, and convergent.

, and convergent.

, and neither.

, and convergent.

Explanation:

To determine whether this series is convergent, divergent or neither

we need to remember the ratio test.

The ratio test is as follows.

Suppose we a series  . Then we define,

.

If

the series is absolutely convergent (thus convergent).

the series is divergent.

the series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent.

Now lets apply this to our situtation.

Let

and

Now

We can rearrange the expression to be

Now lets simplify this to.

When we evaluate the limit, we get.

.

Since , we have sufficient evidence to conclude that the series is convergent.

### Example Question #91 : Polynomial Approximations And Series

Determine the convergence or divergence of the following series:

The series is conditionally convergent.

The series (absolutely) convergent.

The series is divergent.

The series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent.

The series (absolutely) convergent.

Explanation:

To determine the convergence or divergence of this series, we use the Ratio Test:

If , then the series is absolutely convergent (convergent)

If , then the series is divergent

If , the series may be divergent, conditionally convergent, or absolutely convergent

So, we evaluate the limit according to the formula above:

which simplified becomes

Further simplification results in

Therefore, the series is absolutely convergent.

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