SAT II Biology E : Speciation

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SAT II Biology E

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Evolution

What is the main difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation?

Possible Answers:

Sympatric speciation mainly occurred in the past whereas allopatric speciation still occurs today.

Allopatric speciation occurs when species are separated geographically whereas sympatric speciation occurs without geographical separation.

There are no large differences between these two forms of speciation.

Sympatric speciation occurs when species are separated geographically whereas  allopatric speciation occurs without geographical separation.

Allopatric speciation occurs when species are separated by the movement of plate tectonics whereas sympatric speciation occurs when species are separated by the formation of a new body of water.

Correct answer:

Allopatric speciation occurs when species are separated geographically whereas sympatric speciation occurs without geographical separation.

Explanation:

Allopatric speciation occurs when two populations are separated geographically and diverge over time due to natural selection, genetic drift, and mutations. This may be due to a mountain range forming, a river, or any sort of geographic barrier. Sympatric speciation involves populations diverging without any sort of geographical barrier. Both occur today and both likely occurred in the past as well.

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