This question is targeting your knowledge of the circulatory system. Since the medication has a short half-life, it is necessary that it be carried by the patient's blood stream to the tumor as quickly as possible. Blood travels through the right side of the heart, to the lungs, through the left side of the heart, then to the body. Therefore, inhalation of a chemical would require the least amount of traveling (Lungs, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, Body). Each other method of administration, including IV, would require more time to travel to the brain. For example, for the IV answer choice, the pathway would be Vein, Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Lungs, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, Body.

Oxygenated blood returning to the heart from the lungs enters the left atrium. It then goes to the left ventricle and out the aorta.

The correct electrical path through the heart is the SA (sinoatrial) node, AV (atrioventricular) node, bundle of His (AV bundle), then purkinje fibers.

The sinoatrial node initiates the electrical signal and acts as the heart's natural pacemaker. Innervation from the parasympathetic nervous system is crucial in maintaining a normal heart rate from the SA node, but is not required to initiate electrical signals. The signal travels to the atrioventricular node and is briefly delayed, allowing the atria to finish contracting before initiaing ventricular systole. The signal travels down the bundle of His and is quickly distributed to the purkinje fibers, which initiate ventricular systole.

The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle. The bicuspid valve (also known as the mitral valve) separates the left atrium from the left ventricle. The pulmonic valve separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery and the aortic valve separates the left ventricle from the aorta (these are known as the semilunar valves).

Cardiac output is the product of heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (SV). Heart rate is equal to beats per minute, while stroke volume is equal to volume per beat. The "beat" units cancel, and leave the cardiac output equal to volume per minute.

cardiac output = (beats/min) * (volume/beat) = volume/min. 

Electrical coupling of cells is mediated through gap junctions—ions are able to immediately flow through adjacent cells through these transmembrane protein channels. Cardiac muscle requires such syncytial connections in order to most effectivey synchronize muscle contraction.

Neurotransmitters, synaptic junctions, and cholinergic receptors would necessitate a nervous system communication, but the heart is electrically-coupled without neural mediation. Pressure receptors are not involved in cardiac muscle activity.

This a simple anatomy question. The mitral (bicuspid) valve lies between the left atrium and ventricle, therefore the answer must be the mitral valve. The tricuspid valve lies between the right atrium and ventricle.

The valve between the right atrium and ventricle is the tricuspid valve. The valve between the left atrium and ventricle is called the bicuspid, or mitral, valve. "Bicuspid" and "mitral" can be used interchangeably.

The pulmonary valve connects the right ventricle with the pulmonary artery, while the aortic valve connects the left ventricle with the aorta.  

The semilunar valves refer to the aortic valve and pulmonary valve, both of which have three flaps. The atrioventricular valves separate the atria from the ventricles. The right side of the heart is separated by the tricuspid valve, while the left is separated by the bicuspid, or mitral, valve. The mitral valve is the only heart valve with two flaps.

When blood passes from the right atrium into the right ventricle, it must pass through the tricuspid valve.

The mitral, or bicuspid, valve separates the left atrium and ventricle. The semilunar valves are the aortic and pulmonary valves. The aortic valve separates the left ventricle and aorta, while the pulmonary valve separates the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries.