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Test: ACT Science
Bacteria are unicellular, prokaryotic organisms. Unlike eukaryotic cells, prokaryotes lack membrane bound organelles. Additionally, eukaryotic cells generally comprise multicellular organisms.
Bacteria can greatly benefit or harm human health. For example, bacteria residing in the gut can be beneficial for digestion. Alternatively, some bacteria, such as S. aureus can cause infection. Therefore, it is important that scientists and physicians are able to classify bacteria accurately. To do this, various methods can be used. For example, simple microscopy to identify the shape of the bacteria in question can be useful for classification. In addition, various stains can be used to characterize traits that are difficult to visualize using simple microscopy. Table 1 summarizes the functions of 4 biological stains. Additionally, it is important to understand the characteristics of many bacterial strains in order to properly classify them. Table 2 summarizes physical characteristics of common bacterial strains. Use this passage and the tables to answer the following 7 questions.
| 11. | Discuss the physical characteristics of E. coli |
E. coli is rod-shaped with a thick cell wall
E. coli is circular with a thick cell wall
E. coli is circular with a thin cell wall
E. coli is rod-shaped with a thin cell wall
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