Arithmetic

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SAT Math › Arithmetic

Questions 1 - 10
1

Find the decimal equivalent to the percentage:

Explanation

In order to find the decimal equivalent of a percentage, the number that makes up the percent has to be divided by 100. However, since it is division by a power of 10, we can accomplish the same thing, by moving the decimal point 2 places to the left, thus making the number smaller. For this problem, that looks like this:

2

simplify: 0.2 ÷ 0.04

5

0.005

0.05

2

0.02

Explanation

0.2 ÷ 0.04 <- easiest way to approach is to move the decimal to the right (the same amount of spaces on each side) so that the decimal disappears

since 0.04 has 2 spaces and 0.2 only has 1, move the decimal 2 spaces to the right on each side

0.2 ÷ 0.04 = 20 ÷ 4 = 5

3

In the 30-day month of January, for every three days it snowed, there were seven days it did not snow. The number of days in January on which it did not snow was how much greater than the number of days in January on which it snowed?

10

11

12

13

14

Explanation

The question tells us that for every ten-day period in January (a three-day period plus a seven-day period), it snowed on 3 of those days and did not snow on 7 of those days. Since January has 30 days, it has 3 ten-day periods, so we multiply the numbers given for the 10-day period by 3 to find the number of days with and without snow during the 30-day period. Doing this, we see that it snowed 3 * 3 = 9 days and did not snow 7 * 3 = 21 days during the 30-day period. Since the question asks how much greater the number of days on which it did not snow is than the number of days on which it snowed, we subtract as follows: number of days it did not snow - number of days it snowed = 21 – 9 = 12.

4

In a group of 20 children, 25% are girls. How many boys are there?

15

10

16

4

5

Explanation

Since \dpi{100} \small \frac{1}{4} of the children are girls, this totals to \dpi{100} \small 20 \times \frac{1}{4} = 5 girls in the group.

\dpi{100} \small 20-5=15 boys.

5

An arithmetic sequence begins as follows:

Give the first integer in the sequence.

The sequence has no integers.

Explanation

Subtract the first term from the second term to get the common difference :

Setting and ,

If is in the sequence, then there is an integer such that

, or

Solving for ,

Therefore, we seek the least positive integer value of such that is itself an integer. By trial and error, we see:

:

,

which is an integer.

Therefore, 2 is the first integer value in the sequence.

6

In the 30-day month of January, for every three days it snowed, there were seven days it did not snow. The number of days in January on which it did not snow was how much greater than the number of days in January on which it snowed?

10

11

12

13

14

Explanation

The question tells us that for every ten-day period in January (a three-day period plus a seven-day period), it snowed on 3 of those days and did not snow on 7 of those days. Since January has 30 days, it has 3 ten-day periods, so we multiply the numbers given for the 10-day period by 3 to find the number of days with and without snow during the 30-day period. Doing this, we see that it snowed 3 * 3 = 9 days and did not snow 7 * 3 = 21 days during the 30-day period. Since the question asks how much greater the number of days on which it did not snow is than the number of days on which it snowed, we subtract as follows: number of days it did not snow - number of days it snowed = 21 – 9 = 12.

7

The price of a computer is reduced by 1/8. The new price is then reduced by 1/6. What fraction of the original price is the current price?

1/48

1/24

35/48

23/24

13/48

Explanation

Let the original price = p.

After the first reduction, the price is (7/8)p

After the second reduction, the price is (5/6)(7/8)p = (35/48)p

8

An ice cream parlor serves 36 ice cream flavors. You can order any flavor in a small, medium or large and can choose between a waffle cone and a cup. How many possible combinations could you possibly order?

72

108

144

172

216

Explanation

36 possible flavors * 3 possible sizes * 2 possible cones = 216 possible combinations.

9

For every 5 glasses of lemonade, Bud earns $2. How many glasses must he sell to earn $24?

Explanation

We can set up a simple proportion to solve this. For every 5 glasses, Bud gets $2. For every x glasses, he earns $24.

10

What is the reciprocal of the following fraction: 18/27

9

27/18

-18/27

9/27

Explanation

A fraction multiplied by its reciprocal will equal 1. To find the reciprocal of a fraction, switch the denominator and numerator. The reciprocal of 18/27 is 27/18.

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