Students typically struggle with three main areas: memorizing the sheer volume of Supreme Court cases and constitutional amendments, understanding how different branches of government interact, and writing strong free-response answers that address all parts of the prompt. The exam also tests your ability to analyze political scenarios and connect concepts—not just recall facts. A tutor can help you build a framework for organizing information so it sticks, rather than cramming isolated details.

The exam has two sections: a 100-minute multiple-choice section (55 questions) and a 100-minute free-response section (4 questions covering concepts, comparisons, arguments, and data analysis). Success requires practicing both formats regularly—taking full practice tests under timed conditions helps you manage pacing and get comfortable with the question styles you'll see on test day. A tutor can review your practice test results to pinpoint exactly which question types trip you up and develop targeted strategies for each.

Free-response questions reward clear reasoning and specific evidence—vague answers or answers without examples score poorly. Work with a tutor to learn the exact rubric the College Board uses, then practice writing full answers to released exam questions and getting feedback on your thesis statements, supporting details, and how well you address each part of the prompt. Tutors can also help you develop a writing strategy that lets you plan your answer in 2-3 minutes before writing, so you stay organized under time pressure.

Ideally, begin focused exam prep 8-12 weeks before the May test date—that gives you time to review all major topics, take practice tests, identify weak areas, and refine your test-taking strategy. If you're starting later, even 4-6 weeks of intensive tutoring can help you prioritize high-value topics and boost your score. Starting earlier is always better, but consistent, targeted study beats last-minute cramming every time.

Look for tutors with strong knowledge of the AP curriculum, experience teaching the exam format, and familiarity with how the College Board scores free-response answers. They should be able to explain complex concepts like federalism or the separation of powers clearly, help you build a study plan tailored to your needs, and give you honest feedback on your practice test performance. Varsity Tutors connects you with expert tutors who know exactly what it takes to score well on this exam.

Aim for at least 3-4 full-length practice tests under timed conditions in the weeks leading up to the exam. The first one establishes your baseline and identifies weak topics; the next ones let you track improvement and refine your pacing and strategy. Between full tests, do targeted practice on specific question types or content areas where you're struggling. A tutor can help you review your practice test results strategically so you're not just taking tests—you're learning from them.

Your first session is about establishing where you are and where you need to go. Expect to take a diagnostic practice test or review recent test scores, discuss which topics feel strongest and weakest, and talk about your goals—whether that's reaching a 4, a 5, or just passing. Your tutor will then create a personalized study plan that focuses your prep time on the areas that will have the biggest impact on your score, and you'll start working on strategies and content right away.