The course focuses on rhetorical analysis, argument, and synthesis—skills tested across the multiple-choice section and three free-response essays. You'll analyze how authors use language, rhetoric, and persuasive techniques; develop your own arguments with evidence; and synthesize multiple sources into coherent responses. Tutors help you master identifying rhetorical devices, understanding audience and purpose, and crafting timed essays that meet the AP rubric.

The biggest hurdle is time management—you have 3 hours to complete 52 multiple-choice questions and write three essays, which requires both speed and precision. Many students also struggle with rhetorical analysis, either missing the author's purpose or failing to explain how specific techniques create meaning. Others lose points on the synthesis essay by summarizing sources instead of genuinely integrating them into their own argument. A tutor can teach you pacing strategies, help you recognize rhetorical patterns quickly, and show you how to synthesize sources effectively.

Each essay requires a different strategy: the rhetorical analysis essay demands you identify and explain how techniques work together; the argument essay needs a clear thesis and strong evidence; and the synthesis essay requires you to weave sources into your own position. Tutors teach you to spend 2-3 minutes planning before writing, use specific evidence from provided texts, and write in a formal but natural voice. Practice under timed conditions is essential—aim to complete each essay in about 40 minutes so you have time to review.

The 52 multiple-choice questions test reading comprehension and rhetorical analysis, and pacing is critical—aim for about 1 minute per question. Read the passage actively, annotating for author's purpose, tone, and rhetorical strategies. For each question, eliminate obviously wrong answers first, then choose the best remaining option. Many students benefit from practicing with released AP exams to identify patterns in how questions are worded and what the test makers prioritize.

Seek a tutor with strong knowledge of the AP curriculum, experience helping students improve their scores, and familiarity with the specific rubrics used by the College Board. They should be able to analyze your practice essays, identify patterns in your mistakes, and teach you both content and test-taking strategy. For students in Knoxville, Varsity Tutors connects you with expert tutors who understand the AP exam format and can provide personalized instruction tailored to your strengths and weaknesses.

Aim to take at least 3-4 full-length practice tests under timed conditions in the weeks leading up to the exam. The first practice test helps establish your baseline and identify weak areas; subsequent tests let you track improvement and refine your strategy. Between full tests, work on individual sections or essays to build specific skills. A tutor can review your practice test results, pinpoint patterns in your errors, and adjust your study plan accordingly.

Your first session typically includes an assessment of your current skills—often a practice essay or multiple-choice section—so the tutor understands your baseline and identifies your biggest challenges. You'll discuss your target score, timeline until the exam, and learning preferences. From there, the tutor creates a personalized study plan focused on your weaknesses, whether that's rhetorical analysis, essay structure, time management, or test anxiety. Most students benefit from a mix of skill-building and full-length practice tests throughout their tutoring.