The exam has two sections: a 60-minute multiple-choice section with 60 questions, and a 75-minute free-response section with three essays. The multiple-choice tests your knowledge and ability to interpret geographic information, while the free-response questions require you to analyze case studies, compare regions, and apply geographic concepts to real-world scenarios. Success requires both content mastery and strong analytical writing skills.

Many students struggle with synthesizing information across multiple geographic scales—from local to global—and connecting abstract concepts like cultural diffusion or geopolitics to concrete examples. Others find the free-response section challenging because it requires not just knowing definitions, but explaining geographic processes and supporting arguments with specific case studies. Time management during the exam is also common, especially when analyzing complex maps and data sets under pressure.

Varsity Tutors connects you with expert tutors who can help you master the seven AP Geography units, practice analyzing maps and data, and develop strong free-response writing strategies. A tutor can identify which geographic concepts or regions you find most challenging, create a customized study plan aligned with your timeline, and provide feedback on practice essays to strengthen your analytical writing. They can also help you build confidence with timed practice tests that simulate exam conditions.

Most students benefit from starting preparation 2-3 months before the May exam, with consistent weekly study sessions. If you're starting later or struggling with specific units, more intensive tutoring can help you focus on high-impact topics and practice test strategies efficiently. The key is regular practice with released AP exams and case studies, not just passive review of notes.

Case studies are central to AP Geography because they allow you to apply geographic concepts to real-world examples—whether analyzing urban sprawl in a specific city, migration patterns in a region, or economic development strategies in different countries. The free-response section specifically asks you to reference case studies to support your arguments, so knowing diverse, specific examples across all seven units is essential for earning high scores.

In your first session, a tutor will assess your current understanding of AP Geography concepts, identify which units or skills need the most work, and learn about your goals and timeline. They'll likely review a practice test or past exam questions to pinpoint specific gaps—whether that's map interpretation, free-response writing, or content knowledge—and then create a personalized study plan tailored to your needs.

Taking at least 3-4 full-length practice tests under timed conditions is recommended, spaced throughout your study period so you can apply feedback between attempts. The College Board releases official AP Geography practice exams, and working through these with a tutor helps you understand question patterns, refine your time management, and build confidence. Between full tests, practicing individual sections and free-response questions keeps your skills sharp.