European Colonization - AP U.S. History
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Which treaty divided the New World between Spain and Portugal in 1494?
Which treaty divided the New World between Spain and Portugal in 1494?
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The Treaty of Tordesillas. Pope-mediated agreement gave Spain most of the New World, Portugal got Brazil.
The Treaty of Tordesillas. Pope-mediated agreement gave Spain most of the New World, Portugal got Brazil.
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What was the main purpose of the Spanish missions in the Americas?
What was the main purpose of the Spanish missions in the Americas?
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To convert Indigenous peoples to Christianity. Spanish missionaries sought to spread Catholicism and control indigenous populations.
To convert Indigenous peoples to Christianity. Spanish missionaries sought to spread Catholicism and control indigenous populations.
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Which European country founded Quebec in 1608?
Which European country founded Quebec in 1608?
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France. Samuel de Champlain established this trading post along the St. Lawrence River.
France. Samuel de Champlain established this trading post along the St. Lawrence River.
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Name the economic system emphasizing national wealth through colonial expansion.
Name the economic system emphasizing national wealth through colonial expansion.
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Mercantilism. Economic theory requiring colonies to provide raw materials to the mother country.
Mercantilism. Economic theory requiring colonies to provide raw materials to the mother country.
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Which colony was founded by the Pilgrims in 1620?
Which colony was founded by the Pilgrims in 1620?
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Plymouth Colony. Pilgrims established this settlement after the Mayflower voyage seeking religious freedom.
Plymouth Colony. Pilgrims established this settlement after the Mayflower voyage seeking religious freedom.
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What was the primary cash crop in colonial Virginia?
What was the primary cash crop in colonial Virginia?
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Tobacco. John Rolfe developed a profitable tobacco strain that saved the Virginia colony.
Tobacco. John Rolfe developed a profitable tobacco strain that saved the Virginia colony.
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What was the original name of New York City under Dutch control?
What was the original name of New York City under Dutch control?
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New Amsterdam. Named after Amsterdam, it was captured by England and renamed New York.
New Amsterdam. Named after Amsterdam, it was captured by England and renamed New York.
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Which European power established New Amsterdam?
Which European power established New Amsterdam?
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The Netherlands. Dutch established this trading post on Manhattan Island in 1624.
The Netherlands. Dutch established this trading post on Manhattan Island in 1624.
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What was the impact of the Columbian Exchange on Europe?
What was the impact of the Columbian Exchange on Europe?
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Introduction of new crops and resources. Exchange brought potatoes, tomatoes, and tobacco, transforming European agriculture and diet.
Introduction of new crops and resources. Exchange brought potatoes, tomatoes, and tobacco, transforming European agriculture and diet.
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What was the primary economic activity in French Canada during colonization?
What was the primary economic activity in French Canada during colonization?
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Fur trading. French focused on profitable beaver pelts rather than large-scale settlement.
Fur trading. French focused on profitable beaver pelts rather than large-scale settlement.
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Which agreement was signed aboard the Mayflower in 1620?
Which agreement was signed aboard the Mayflower in 1620?
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The Mayflower Compact. Established self-governance principles before landing at Plymouth Rock.
The Mayflower Compact. Established self-governance principles before landing at Plymouth Rock.
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Identify the year the Jamestown settlement was established.
Identify the year the Jamestown settlement was established.
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- Founded by the Virginia Company as England's first permanent American settlement.
- Founded by the Virginia Company as England's first permanent American settlement.
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Name the first permanent English settlement in North America.
Name the first permanent English settlement in North America.
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Jamestown. Founded in 1607, it became the first successful permanent English colony in America.
Jamestown. Founded in 1607, it became the first successful permanent English colony in America.
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What was the primary goal of Columbus's 1492 voyage?
What was the primary goal of Columbus's 1492 voyage?
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To find a direct sea route to Asia. Columbus sought a western route to the Indies for spice trade, but reached the Americas instead.
To find a direct sea route to Asia. Columbus sought a western route to the Indies for spice trade, but reached the Americas instead.
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Which English colony was known for its religious tolerance?
Which English colony was known for its religious tolerance?
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Rhode Island. Roger Williams founded this colony emphasizing separation of church and state.
Rhode Island. Roger Williams founded this colony emphasizing separation of church and state.
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Name the colony founded by James Oglethorpe.
Name the colony founded by James Oglethorpe.
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Georgia. Oglethorpe established this buffer colony against Spanish Florida in 1733.
Georgia. Oglethorpe established this buffer colony against Spanish Florida in 1733.
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What was the primary cause of conflict in King Philip's War?
What was the primary cause of conflict in King Philip's War?
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Tensions over land between New England settlers and Indigenous peoples. Metacom led indigenous resistance against English expansion in 1675-1676.
Tensions over land between New England settlers and Indigenous peoples. Metacom led indigenous resistance against English expansion in 1675-1676.
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What was the main economic activity of New France?
What was the main economic activity of New France?
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Fur trade. French trappers and traders built relationships with indigenous peoples.
Fur trade. French trappers and traders built relationships with indigenous peoples.
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What role did the Hudson River play in Dutch colonization?
What role did the Hudson River play in Dutch colonization?
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It was a major trade route for New Amsterdam. River provided access to interior fur trading with indigenous peoples.
It was a major trade route for New Amsterdam. River provided access to interior fur trading with indigenous peoples.
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Identify the explorer who established St. Augustine, the oldest city in the U.S.
Identify the explorer who established St. Augustine, the oldest city in the U.S.
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Pedro Menéndez de Avilés. Spanish admiral founded this fortress city in 1565 to protect shipping routes.
Pedro Menéndez de Avilés. Spanish admiral founded this fortress city in 1565 to protect shipping routes.
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What was the primary goal of the Puritans settling in Massachusetts Bay?
What was the primary goal of the Puritans settling in Massachusetts Bay?
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To create a religiously pure community. Puritans sought to purify the Church of England in the New World.
To create a religiously pure community. Puritans sought to purify the Church of England in the New World.
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Which European nation established the colony of Louisiana?
Which European nation established the colony of Louisiana?
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France. French claimed this vast territory from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico.
France. French claimed this vast territory from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico.
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What was the significance of the House of Burgesses?
What was the significance of the House of Burgesses?
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It was the first legislative assembly in the American colonies. Virginia's 1619 assembly marked the beginning of representative government in America.
It was the first legislative assembly in the American colonies. Virginia's 1619 assembly marked the beginning of representative government in America.
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Who led the first successful English colony in North America?
Who led the first successful English colony in North America?
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John Smith. Smith's leadership saved Jamestown during the 'starving time' crisis.
John Smith. Smith's leadership saved Jamestown during the 'starving time' crisis.
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What was the main reason for the founding of Georgia?
What was the main reason for the founding of Georgia?
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As a buffer against Spanish Florida and a debtor's colony. Oglethorpe created this colony for debtors and defense against Spanish Florida.
As a buffer against Spanish Florida and a debtor's colony. Oglethorpe created this colony for debtors and defense against Spanish Florida.
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Which colony was originally founded as a haven for Catholics?
Which colony was originally founded as a haven for Catholics?
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Maryland. Lord Baltimore founded this colony as a refuge for English Catholics.
Maryland. Lord Baltimore founded this colony as a refuge for English Catholics.
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What was the main purpose of the Navigation Acts?
What was the main purpose of the Navigation Acts?
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To control colonial trade and ensure it benefited England. Mercantilist laws required colonial goods to pass through English ports.
To control colonial trade and ensure it benefited England. Mercantilist laws required colonial goods to pass through English ports.
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Which Indigenous empire did Hernán Cortés conquer?
Which Indigenous empire did Hernán Cortés conquer?
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The Aztec Empire. Cortés defeated Montezuma's empire with superior weapons and indigenous allies.
The Aztec Empire. Cortés defeated Montezuma's empire with superior weapons and indigenous allies.
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Who was the leader of the failed Roanoke Colony?
Who was the leader of the failed Roanoke Colony?
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John White. Governor of the mysterious 'Lost Colony' that disappeared without trace.
John White. Governor of the mysterious 'Lost Colony' that disappeared without trace.
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What was the primary motive for French exploration in North America?
What was the primary motive for French exploration in North America?
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To expand the fur trade. French sought beaver pelts for European hat-making industry profits.
To expand the fur trade. French sought beaver pelts for European hat-making industry profits.
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