AP US History Flashcards: Comparison In Period 2

What this deck covers

This deck focuses on Comparison In Period 2, giving you a quick way to review the definitions, rules, and examples that matter most for AP US History.

How to use these flashcards

Work through these flashcards in short sessions. Try to answer each prompt before flipping the card, then revisit any cards you miss until the explanation feels automatic.

Flashcard 1: Which colony was known for its religious tolerance and diversity?

Answer: Pennsylvania. Founded by William Penn as a haven for Quakers and others.

Flashcard 2: What was the result of the Glorious Revolution in the American colonies?

Answer: Increased self-governance and the end of the Dominion of New England. 1688 English revolution restored colonial charters and autonomy.

Flashcard 3: What was the main goal of the Half-Way Covenant in New England?

Answer: To increase church membership. Allowed partial membership for unconverted children of saints.

Flashcard 4: What was the main reason for the founding of Georgia?

Answer: As a buffer against Spanish Florida and a debtor's colony. James Oglethorpe's dual purpose of defense and social reform.

Flashcard 5: Name the economic system where colonies existed for the benefit of the mother country.

Answer: Mercantilism. Colonies provided raw materials and bought manufactured goods.

Flashcard 6: Which document established the first written framework of government in the American colonies?

Answer: Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. 1639 document created the first constitutional government in America.

Flashcard 7: Identify the primary cash crop of the Southern colonies.

Answer: Tobacco. Grown extensively in Virginia and Maryland for export profits.

Flashcard 8: What was the primary religious movement in the colonies during the 1730s and 1740s?

Answer: The Great Awakening. Evangelical revival emphasized personal salvation and emotion.

Flashcard 9: What was the primary economic activity in the New England colonies?

Answer: Shipbuilding and fishing. Rocky soil and coastal location made these industries most viable.

Flashcard 10: What was the dominant religion in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Answer: Puritanism. Founded by Puritans seeking to create a 'city upon a hill.'

Flashcard 11: Which document established the first written framework of government in the American colonies?

Answer: Fundamental Orders of Connecticut. 1639 document created the first constitutional government in America.

Flashcard 12: Which European country primarily settled in Florida during Period 2?

Answer: Spain. Established permanent settlements starting with St. Augustine in 1565.

Flashcard 13: What was the primary economic activity in the New England colonies?

Answer: Shipbuilding and fishing. Rocky soil and coastal location made these industries most viable.

Flashcard 14: Which colony was known for its religious tolerance and diversity?

Answer: Pennsylvania. Founded by William Penn as a haven for Quakers and others.

Flashcard 15: Who was the leader of the Wampanoag during King Philip's War?

Answer: Metacom (King Philip). Wampanoag sachem who led 1675-1676 war against colonists.

Flashcard 16: What was the primary labor system in the Southern colonies before the widespread use of African slaves?

Answer: Indentured servitude. Workers bound by contract for typically 4-7 years of service.

Flashcard 17: What was the primary purpose of the Dominion of New England?

Answer: To centralize control over the New England colonies. 1686 attempt by James II to consolidate colonial administration.

Flashcard 18: Which group sought to 'purify' the Church of England rather than separate from it?

Answer: Puritans. Reformed Protestants who wanted to cleanse Anglican practices.

Flashcard 19: What was the purpose of the Navigation Acts?

Answer: To regulate colonial trade and enable England to collect taxes. Ensured colonial trade benefited England through restrictions.

Flashcard 20: What was the primary religious movement in the colonies during the 1730s and 1740s?

Answer: The Great Awakening. Evangelical revival emphasized personal salvation and emotion.

Flashcard 21: What was the outcome of the Salem Witch Trials?

Answer: Increased skepticism of witchcraft accusations. 1692-1693 hysteria ended with public rejection of spectral evidence.

Flashcard 22: Identify the primary export of the Chesapeake colonies.

Answer: Tobacco. Virginia and Maryland's most profitable agricultural export.

Flashcard 23: Which colony was established as a refuge for Quakers?

Answer: Pennsylvania. William Penn's 'holy experiment' welcomed persecuted Quakers.

Flashcard 24: Which group of colonies was characterized by a social hierarchy based on wealth and family status?

Answer: Southern Colonies. Plantation system created distinct class divisions.

Flashcard 25: Name the economic system where colonies existed for the benefit of the mother country.

Answer: Mercantilism. Colonies provided raw materials and bought manufactured goods.

Flashcard 26: What was the main goal of the Half-Way Covenant in New England?

Answer: To increase church membership. Allowed partial membership for unconverted children of saints.

Flashcard 27: Which event led to the collapse of the Dominion of New England?

Answer: The Glorious Revolution. 1688 English revolution ended James II's authoritarian rule.

Flashcard 28: Which colony was founded as a haven for English Catholics?

Answer: Maryland. Lord Baltimore established it as a Catholic refuge colony.

Flashcard 29: Which colony was known for its strict adherence to Puritan beliefs?

Answer: Massachusetts Bay Colony. John Winthrop's 'city upon a hill' exemplified Puritan ideals.

Flashcard 30: Identify the colonial region known for its religious diversity and ethnic pluralism.

Answer: Middle Colonies. New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware welcomed many groups.

Flashcard 31: What was the result of the Glorious Revolution in the American colonies?

Answer: Increased self-governance and the end of the Dominion of New England. 1688 English revolution restored colonial charters and autonomy.

Flashcard 32: What system granted land to settlers in Virginia for each indentured servant they brought?

Answer: Headright system. Granted 50 acres per person to encourage immigration and labor.

Flashcard 33: Identify the primary cash crop of the Southern colonies.

Answer: Tobacco. Grown extensively in Virginia and Maryland for export profits.

Flashcard 34: Which colony was originally part of Pennsylvania?

Answer: Delaware. Separated from Pennsylvania in 1704 under Penn's control.

Flashcard 35: Which colonial region had the most urban development?

Answer: Middle Colonies. Cities like Philadelphia and New York became major trade centers.

Flashcard 36: Which colonial region was most associated with plantation agriculture?

Answer: Southern Colonies. Large-scale tobacco and rice cultivation dominated the economy.

Flashcard 37: Identify the primary export of the Chesapeake colonies.

Answer: Tobacco. Virginia and Maryland's most profitable agricultural export.

Flashcard 38: Which European country primarily settled in Florida during Period 2?

Answer: Spain. Established permanent settlements starting with St. Augustine in 1565.

Flashcard 39: Which colonial region was most associated with plantation agriculture?

Answer: Southern Colonies. Large-scale tobacco and rice cultivation dominated the economy.

Flashcard 40: Which colony was established as a refuge for Quakers?

Answer: Pennsylvania. William Penn's 'holy experiment' welcomed persecuted Quakers.

Flashcard 41: Which colonial region had the most diverse economy?

Answer: Middle Colonies. Combined agriculture, commerce, and early manufacturing.

Flashcard 42: What was the primary source of labor for New England farms?

Answer: Family labor. Small farms relied on household members rather than servants.

Flashcard 43: What was the dominant religion in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Answer: Puritanism. Founded by Puritans seeking to create a 'city upon a hill.'

Flashcard 44: Which colonial region had the most diverse economy?

Answer: Middle Colonies. Combined agriculture, commerce, and early manufacturing.

Flashcard 45: Which group of colonies was characterized by a social hierarchy based on wealth and family status?

Answer: Southern Colonies. Plantation system created distinct class divisions.

Flashcard 46: Which colony was founded as a haven for English Catholics?

Answer: Maryland. Lord Baltimore established it as a Catholic refuge colony.

Flashcard 47: What was the primary economic activity in the Middle Colonies?

Answer: Grain farming and commerce. Rich soil and rivers supported diverse agricultural production.

Flashcard 48: What was the primary economic activity of the French in Canada?

Answer: Fur trading. New France focused on beaver pelts and native partnerships.

Flashcard 49: What was the primary economic activity in the Middle Colonies?

Answer: Grain farming and commerce. Rich soil and rivers supported diverse agricultural production.

Flashcard 50: What was the primary motivation for the French colonization of North America?

Answer: Fur trade and economic gain. Economic opportunities rather than permanent settlement focused.

Flashcard 51: What was the primary cause of the Pequot War?

Answer: Conflicts over trade and territorial expansion. 1636-1638 war over Connecticut River valley control.

Flashcard 52: Who was the leader of the Wampanoag during King Philip's War?

Answer: Metacom (King Philip). Wampanoag sachem who led 1675-1676 war against colonists.

Flashcard 53: What was the purpose of the Navigation Acts?

Answer: To regulate colonial trade and enable England to collect taxes. Ensured colonial trade benefited England through restrictions.

Flashcard 54: What was the primary cause of the Pequot War?

Answer: Conflicts over trade and territorial expansion. 1636-1638 war over Connecticut River valley control.

Flashcard 55: Which colony was originally part of Pennsylvania?

Answer: Delaware. Separated from Pennsylvania in 1704 under Penn's control.

Flashcard 56: What was the primary source of labor for New England farms?

Answer: Family labor. Small farms relied on household members rather than servants.

Flashcard 57: Which group sought to 'purify' the Church of England rather than separate from it?

Answer: Puritans. Reformed Protestants who wanted to cleanse Anglican practices.

Flashcard 58: What was the primary reason for the establishment of Rhode Island?

Answer: Religious freedom and separation of church and state. Roger Williams founded it after banishment from Massachusetts.

Flashcard 59: What was the primary motivation for the French colonization of North America?

Answer: Fur trade and economic gain. Economic opportunities rather than permanent settlement focused.

Flashcard 60: What was the significance of the Mayflower Compact?

Answer: It established self-governance for Plymouth Colony. Created the first democratic government document in America.

Flashcard 61: What was the outcome of the Salem Witch Trials?

Answer: Increased skepticism of witchcraft accusations. 1692-1693 hysteria ended with public rejection of spectral evidence.

Flashcard 62: Which colony was founded by James Oglethorpe?

Answer: Georgia. Established in 1732 as the last of the thirteen colonies.

Flashcard 63: Which colony was originally founded by the Dutch?

Answer: New York. New Amsterdam became New York after English conquest in 1664.

Flashcard 64: What was the primary labor system in the Southern colonies before the widespread use of African slaves?

Answer: Indentured servitude. Workers bound by contract for typically 4-7 years of service.

Flashcard 65: Which event led to the collapse of the Dominion of New England?

Answer: The Glorious Revolution. 1688 English revolution ended James II's authoritarian rule.

Flashcard 66: What was the significance of the Mayflower Compact?

Answer: It established self-governance for Plymouth Colony. Created the first democratic government document in America.

Flashcard 67: Which colony was known for its strict adherence to Puritan beliefs?

Answer: Massachusetts Bay Colony. John Winthrop's 'city upon a hill' exemplified Puritan ideals.

Flashcard 68: Which colonial region had the most urban development?

Answer: Middle Colonies. Cities like Philadelphia and New York became major trade centers.

Flashcard 69: Which colony was originally founded by the Dutch?

Answer: New York. New Amsterdam became New York after English conquest in 1664.