All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Name the policy of detente during the Cold War.
Answer: Easing of tensions between the US and USSR. Reduced nuclear tensions through diplomacy and treaties.
Flashcard 2: What was the main outcome of the Yalta Conference in 1945?
Answer: Post-war reorganization of Europe. Big Three divided post-war Europe into spheres.
Flashcard 3: What year did the Euro currency officially launch?
Answer:
- Single currency replaced national currencies in participating states.
Flashcard 4: Who led the Soviet Union during the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Answer: Nikita Khrushchev. Succeeded Stalin and faced nuclear confrontation with U.S.
Flashcard 5: What was the primary goal of the Warsaw Pact?
Answer: Mutual defense among communist states. Soviet response to NATO formation in 1955.
Flashcard 6: Identify the main purpose of NATO at its founding in 1949.
Answer: Collective defense against Soviet aggression. Article 5 established mutual defense principle.
Flashcard 7: In which year did the Soviet Union officially dissolve?
Answer:
- Marked the definitive end of the Cold War era.
Flashcard 8: Name the U.S. policy aimed at containing the spread of communism.
Answer: Containment. Strategy to limit Soviet influence without direct war.
Flashcard 9: Identify the main purpose of NATO at its founding in 1949.
Answer: Collective defense against Soviet aggression. Article 5 established mutual defense principle.
Flashcard 10: What was the main outcome of the Yalta Conference in 1945?
Answer: Post-war reorganization of Europe. Big Three divided post-war Europe into spheres.
Flashcard 11: Who was the leader of Italy during World War II?
Answer: Benito Mussolini. Fascist dictator who allied with Hitler.
Flashcard 12: What major event in 1917 influenced Russia's role in World War I?
Answer: Russian Revolution. Led to Russia's withdrawal from WWI in 1918.
Flashcard 13: What was the primary ideological conflict during the Cold War?
Answer: Capitalism vs. Communism. Defined the fundamental divide between East and West.
Flashcard 14: Who was the leader of Nazi Germany during World War II?
Answer: Adolf Hitler. Rose to power in 1933, leading Germany into WWII.
Flashcard 15: In which year did the Soviet Union officially dissolve?
Answer:
- Marked the definitive end of the Cold War era.
Flashcard 16: What agreement initiated the division of Africa among European powers?
Answer: Berlin Conference. 1884-85 meeting regulated European colonization of Africa.
Flashcard 17: What event marked the beginning of the Great Depression?
Answer: Stock Market Crash of 1929. Black Tuesday began worldwide economic collapse.
Flashcard 18: Identify the primary cause of the Bosnian War (1992-1995).
Answer: Ethnic tensions and breakup of Yugoslavia. Nationalist conflicts erupted after Yugoslavia's collapse.
Flashcard 19: What was the main effect of the Treaty of Maastricht?
Answer: Creation of the European Union. Established economic and political union among member states.
Flashcard 20: Which country was divided into East and West after World War II?
Answer: Germany. Occupied by Allies and split between East and West.
Flashcard 21: Name the economic policy initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev in the 1980s.
Answer: Perestroika. Restructuring policy that opened Soviet economy.
Flashcard 22: Who was the leader of Nazi Germany during World War II?
Answer: Adolf Hitler. Rose to power in 1933, leading Germany into WWII.
Flashcard 23: What major event in 1917 influenced Russia's role in World War I?
Answer: Russian Revolution. Led to Russia's withdrawal from WWI in 1918.
Flashcard 24: In what year did the Berlin Wall fall?
Answer:
- Symbolized the end of Cold War division in Europe.
Flashcard 25: What was the main purpose of the United Nations?
Answer: Promote international cooperation and peace. Founded after WWII to replace the League of Nations.
Flashcard 26: What was the primary goal of the Marshall Plan?
Answer: Rebuild European economies after WWII. U.S. economic aid program to prevent communist expansion.
Flashcard 27: Who was the British Prime Minister during most of World War II?
Answer: Winston Churchill. Led Britain through its darkest hour against Nazi Germany.
Flashcard 28: What year did World War II end?
Answer:
- Germany surrendered, ending the war in Europe.
Flashcard 29: Who was the first female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom?
Answer: Margaret Thatcher. Conservative leader who transformed British economy in 1980s.
Flashcard 30: What was the primary aim of the Helsinki Accords (1975)?
Answer: Improve relations between the Communist bloc and the West. Established principles of human rights and cooperation.