Decolonization - AP European History
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What term describes the move of people from former colonies to European metropoles after 1945?
What term describes the move of people from former colonies to European metropoles after 1945?
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Postcolonial migration. Labor shortages drew millions from Caribbean, Africa, and Asia to Europe.
Postcolonial migration. Labor shortages drew millions from Caribbean, Africa, and Asia to Europe.
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What global institution created in 1945 provided a forum for anti-colonial claims?
What global institution created in 1945 provided a forum for anti-colonial claims?
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United Nations (UN). Replaced League of Nations, gave colonized peoples a platform to voice grievances.
United Nations (UN). Replaced League of Nations, gave colonized peoples a platform to voice grievances.
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What is decolonization in the context of Europe after World War II?
What is decolonization in the context of Europe after World War II?
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Transfer of imperial rule to independent states in colonies. Process where European powers granted sovereignty to their overseas territories.
Transfer of imperial rule to independent states in colonies. Process where European powers granted sovereignty to their overseas territories.
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Which 1956 crisis showed Britain and France could not act imperially without US support?
Which 1956 crisis showed Britain and France could not act imperially without US support?
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Suez Crisis. Anglo-French invasion failed when US opposed it, marking imperial decline.
Suez Crisis. Anglo-French invasion failed when US opposed it, marking imperial decline.
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What is neocolonialism as a post-independence pattern affecting former colonies?
What is neocolonialism as a post-independence pattern affecting former colonies?
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Indirect control through economic and political dependence. Former colonial powers maintain influence through trade and debt.
Indirect control through economic and political dependence. Former colonial powers maintain influence through trade and debt.
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What is the term for newly independent states that avoided formal alignment in the Cold War?
What is the term for newly independent states that avoided formal alignment in the Cold War?
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Non-Aligned Movement. Third World countries sought independence from both US and Soviet blocs.
Non-Aligned Movement. Third World countries sought independence from both US and Soviet blocs.
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Which French leader accepted Algerian self-determination and ended the war?
Which French leader accepted Algerian self-determination and ended the war?
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Charles de Gaulle. Returned to power in 1958, negotiated Evian Accords granting independence.
Charles de Gaulle. Returned to power in 1958, negotiated Evian Accords granting independence.
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Which country’s nationalization of the Suez Canal triggered the 1956 Suez Crisis?
Which country’s nationalization of the Suez Canal triggered the 1956 Suez Crisis?
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Egypt. Nasser's action challenged Western control of this vital waterway.
Egypt. Nasser's action challenged Western control of this vital waterway.
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Which Algerian nationalist organization led the struggle against French rule?
Which Algerian nationalist organization led the struggle against French rule?
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FLN (National Liberation Front). Front de Libération Nationale used guerrilla tactics against French forces.
FLN (National Liberation Front). Front de Libération Nationale used guerrilla tactics against French forces.
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Which concept best describes the creation of new states based on a shared national identity?
Which concept best describes the creation of new states based on a shared national identity?
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National self-determination. Wilson's principle became basis for dismantling empires after WWII.
National self-determination. Wilson's principle became basis for dismantling empires after WWII.
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Which 1974 Portuguese event helped precipitate rapid decolonization in Africa?
Which 1974 Portuguese event helped precipitate rapid decolonization in Africa?
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Carnation Revolution. Military coup overthrew dictatorship, ending colonial wars in Africa.
Carnation Revolution. Military coup overthrew dictatorship, ending colonial wars in Africa.
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Identify the European empire that fought long wars to keep Angola and Mozambique until 1975.
Identify the European empire that fought long wars to keep Angola and Mozambique until 1975.
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Portugal. Last European power to decolonize, resisted until military coup at home.
Portugal. Last European power to decolonize, resisted until military coup at home.
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What 1947 event marked the end of British rule in the Indian subcontinent?
What 1947 event marked the end of British rule in the Indian subcontinent?
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Partition and independence of India and Pakistan. Created two nations based on religion, ending British Raj after 200 years.
Partition and independence of India and Pakistan. Created two nations based on religion, ending British Raj after 200 years.
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Which 1954–1962 war led to Algeria’s independence from France?
Which 1954–1962 war led to Algeria’s independence from France?
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Algerian War of Independence. Brutal conflict with over 1 million deaths before French withdrawal.
Algerian War of Independence. Brutal conflict with over 1 million deaths before French withdrawal.
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What 1954 defeat helped convince France to leave Indochina?
What 1954 defeat helped convince France to leave Indochina?
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Battle of Dien Bien Phu. Viet Minh victory ended French colonial rule in Vietnam.
Battle of Dien Bien Phu. Viet Minh victory ended French colonial rule in Vietnam.
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Which 1955 conference is commonly linked to Afro-Asian solidarity and nonalignment?
Which 1955 conference is commonly linked to Afro-Asian solidarity and nonalignment?
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Bandung Conference. 29 Asian-African nations met in Indonesia to oppose colonialism.
Bandung Conference. 29 Asian-African nations met in Indonesia to oppose colonialism.
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What is the term for the forced division of British India into two states in 1947?
What is the term for the forced division of British India into two states in 1947?
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Partition. Religious divisions led to massive displacement and violence during separation.
Partition. Religious divisions led to massive displacement and violence during separation.
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Identify the Cold War dynamic that accelerated European decolonization after 1945.
Identify the Cold War dynamic that accelerated European decolonization after 1945.
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US–USSR rivalry encouraged anti-imperial nationalism. Both superpowers opposed European colonialism to gain influence in new nations.
US–USSR rivalry encouraged anti-imperial nationalism. Both superpowers opposed European colonialism to gain influence in new nations.
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Which leader is most associated with nonviolent Indian independence from Britain?
Which leader is most associated with nonviolent Indian independence from Britain?
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Mohandas K. Gandhi. Led civil disobedience campaigns and promoted satyagraha (truth force).
Mohandas K. Gandhi. Led civil disobedience campaigns and promoted satyagraha (truth force).
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Identify the European country that granted independence to the Congo in 1960.
Identify the European country that granted independence to the Congo in 1960.
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Belgium. Hasty decolonization led to chaos and civil war.
Belgium. Hasty decolonization led to chaos and civil war.
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Which 1956 crisis showed Britain and France could not act independently of the superpowers?
Which 1956 crisis showed Britain and France could not act independently of the superpowers?
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The Suez Crisis. US and USSR forced Anglo-French withdrawal from Egypt.
The Suez Crisis. US and USSR forced Anglo-French withdrawal from Egypt.
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What 1962 agreement ended the Algerian War and recognized Algerian independence?
What 1962 agreement ended the Algerian War and recognized Algerian independence?
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The Evian Accords. De Gaulle negotiated end to brutal colonial war.
The Evian Accords. De Gaulle negotiated end to brutal colonial war.
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Which French colony fought a major independence war from 1954 to 1962?
Which French colony fought a major independence war from 1954 to 1962?
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Algeria. FLN guerrilla warfare forced France to grant independence.
Algeria. FLN guerrilla warfare forced France to grant independence.
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What 1954 agreement ended the First Indochina War and temporarily divided Vietnam?
What 1954 agreement ended the First Indochina War and temporarily divided Vietnam?
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The Geneva Accords (1954). Split Vietnam at 17th parallel pending reunification elections.
The Geneva Accords (1954). Split Vietnam at 17th parallel pending reunification elections.
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Which French colony fought a war ending with the 1954 defeat of France at Dien Bien Phu?
Which French colony fought a war ending with the 1954 defeat of France at Dien Bien Phu?
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French Indochina (Vietnam). Ho Chi Minh's forces defeated French colonial army decisively.
French Indochina (Vietnam). Ho Chi Minh's forces defeated French colonial army decisively.
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Which colony gained independence from Britain in 1947 after partition into two states?
Which colony gained independence from Britain in 1947 after partition into two states?
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British India (partition into India and Pakistan). Religious tensions led to partition along Hindu-Muslim lines.
British India (partition into India and Pakistan). Religious tensions led to partition along Hindu-Muslim lines.
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What concept describes continued economic and cultural dependence after formal independence?
What concept describes continued economic and cultural dependence after formal independence?
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Neocolonialism. Former colonies remain economically dominated by ex-colonizers.
Neocolonialism. Former colonies remain economically dominated by ex-colonizers.
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What 1955 conference symbolized Afro-Asian solidarity and anti-colonial cooperation?
What 1955 conference symbolized Afro-Asian solidarity and anti-colonial cooperation?
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The Bandung Conference. First major gathering of Asian and African leaders against colonialism.
The Bandung Conference. First major gathering of Asian and African leaders against colonialism.
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What term describes newly independent states aligning with neither the US nor the USSR?
What term describes newly independent states aligning with neither the US nor the USSR?
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Non-Alignment (Non-Aligned Movement). Sought independence from both Cold War blocs' influence.
Non-Alignment (Non-Aligned Movement). Sought independence from both Cold War blocs' influence.
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What international organization most directly legitimized postwar self-determination claims?
What international organization most directly legitimized postwar self-determination claims?
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The United Nations (UN). Its charter supported self-determination and anti-colonial principles.
The United Nations (UN). Its charter supported self-determination and anti-colonial principles.
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