NCLEX-PN › Neural Pharmacology
A client has been taking daily doses of Paroxetine for 6 months and has asked for an information with the nurse about going off the medication. What should the nurse emphasize in the information session?
Taper the medication to avoid discontinuation syndrome
Stop taking the medication immediately, increase physical activity level for 2-3 weeks to counteract side effects
Urge the client to continue taking the medication until he consults a psychotherapist
Advise the patient of probable weight gain after going off the medication
Clients taking Paroxetine may experience withdrawal and continuation syndrome. To minimize symptoms, taper the medication over a period of 3 or more weeks.
Phenelzine is what class of drug?
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)
Narcotic
Alpha adrenergic agonist
Tricyclic antidepressant
Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Drugs in this class work by inhibition of monoamine oxidase enzymes, the enzymes responsible for the break down of serotonin, dopamine, and adrenaline.
Zolpidem belongs in what drug class?
Nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic
Benzodiazepine
Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI)
Orexin antagonist
Zolpidem is a short acting nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic. It's actions are similar to benzodiazepine drugs in that it stimulates GABAa receptors at the same location as benzodiazepines. It is used in insomnia for initiating sleep, though it's short half life (3 hours) means it is not generally considered effective for maintaining sleep.
What type of antidepressant is fluoxetine?
Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI)
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI)
Tetracyclic antidepressant
Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI)
Fluoxetine is an example of a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI). SSRI's limit the amount of serotonin that the presynaptic cell that secreted it, cat re-uptake. This increases the time and amount that serotonin is in the synaptic cleft, and bound to postsynaptic receptors, leading to anti-depressant properties. The other drugs are all antidepressants, but are sold under other names.
What drug class is clomipramine?
Tricyclic antidepressant
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)
Serotonin modulator and stimulator (SMS)
Clomipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant. Drugs in this class function primarily by blocking serotonin and norepinephrine transporters, resulting in an increase in the levels of these neurotransmitters in the synapse, and thus an increase in their effects due to staying bound to postsynaptic receptors for longer.
What class of drug is trazodone?
Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor (SARI)
Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI)
Tricyclic antidepressant
Tetracyclic antidepressant
Trazodone is a serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor (SARI). These drugs work by increasing the release and inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin in the synaptic space, thus increasing the effect of serotonin.
Aripiprazole is what class of drug?
Atypical antipsychotic
Serotonin modulator and stimulator (SMS)
Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)
Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI)
Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic. It acts as a partial dopamine agonist and an agonist to multiple 5-HT (serotonin) receptors.
What class of drug is quetiapine?
Atypical antipsychotic
Tricyclic antidepressant
Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor (SARI)
Quetiapine is classified as an atypical antipsychotic. Quetiapine is a powerful antihistamine and has pharmacological action at many receptor types: it is a serotonin, dopamine, and adrenergic antagonist.
Which of the following antidepressants is also used for smoking cessation?
Bupropion
Amitriptyline
Buspirone
Venlafaxine
Bupropion is an antidepressant used for smoking cessation. None of the other medications listed are used for smoking cessation.
What class of drugs is diazepam?
Benzodiazepine
Nonbenzodiazepine sedative
Barbituate
Methaqualone analogue
Diazepam is a benzodiazepine. This class of drugs works by potentiating the effects of GABA, our primary inhibitory neurotransmitter, at the GABAa receptor.