Identify Logical Relationships Practice Test
•15 QuestionsRead the passage and answer the question.
A nonprofit organization debates whether to accept a large donation from a corporation whose business practices have been publicly criticized. Some board members argue that the donation should be accepted because the nonprofit’s mission is urgent. They claim that refusing funds on moral grounds may satisfy the organization’s conscience but would reduce its ability to deliver services. In their view, the nonprofit should be judged by its outcomes, not by the purity of its funding sources.
Other board members do not deny the urgency of the mission. They argue instead that money is not neutral: accepting the donation would allow the corporation to present itself as socially responsible, potentially weakening public pressure for reform. The nonprofit might gain resources in the short term while helping to stabilize the very practices that produce the problems the nonprofit addresses.
The first group replies that this concern exaggerates the nonprofit’s influence over corporate reputation. A single donation, they argue, will not meaningfully change public opinion, whereas the services funded by the donation will meaningfully change beneficiaries’ lives. Moreover, they add, the nonprofit can accept the money while publicly stating that it does not endorse the corporation’s practices.
The second group concedes that a disclaimer might limit reputational benefits, but they argue that disclaimers are easily ignored. People tend to remember association more than nuance; the corporation’s name on a gala invitation can carry more weight than a paragraph of criticism tucked into a press release. If the nonprofit becomes dependent on such funding, it may also become reluctant to speak forcefully in the future.
The debate thus centers on whether the organization’s effectiveness should be measured narrowly by immediate services or more broadly by how its choices shape the environment in which it operates.
Question: The second group’s point that “people tend to remember association more than nuance” is introduced primarily to:
Read the passage and answer the question.
A nonprofit organization debates whether to accept a large donation from a corporation whose business practices have been publicly criticized. Some board members argue that the donation should be accepted because the nonprofit’s mission is urgent. They claim that refusing funds on moral grounds may satisfy the organization’s conscience but would reduce its ability to deliver services. In their view, the nonprofit should be judged by its outcomes, not by the purity of its funding sources.
Other board members do not deny the urgency of the mission. They argue instead that money is not neutral: accepting the donation would allow the corporation to present itself as socially responsible, potentially weakening public pressure for reform. The nonprofit might gain resources in the short term while helping to stabilize the very practices that produce the problems the nonprofit addresses.
The first group replies that this concern exaggerates the nonprofit’s influence over corporate reputation. A single donation, they argue, will not meaningfully change public opinion, whereas the services funded by the donation will meaningfully change beneficiaries’ lives. Moreover, they add, the nonprofit can accept the money while publicly stating that it does not endorse the corporation’s practices.
The second group concedes that a disclaimer might limit reputational benefits, but they argue that disclaimers are easily ignored. People tend to remember association more than nuance; the corporation’s name on a gala invitation can carry more weight than a paragraph of criticism tucked into a press release. If the nonprofit becomes dependent on such funding, it may also become reluctant to speak forcefully in the future.
The debate thus centers on whether the organization’s effectiveness should be measured narrowly by immediate services or more broadly by how its choices shape the environment in which it operates.
Question: The second group’s point that “people tend to remember association more than nuance” is introduced primarily to: