Synonyms: Distinguishing Between Multiple Definitions

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ISEE Lower Level Verbal Reasoning › Synonyms: Distinguishing Between Multiple Definitions

Questions 1 - 10
1

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

ENHANCE

Magnify

Change

Adjust

Exchange

Foist

Explanation

You likely use the word "enhance" to mean to improve. For example, you might say, "The new phone was enhanced by many new features;" however, you could also think of such improvement as being a kind of "enlargening" of the quality of the thing in question. Thus, sometimes, people will speak of something that is "enhanced" by becoming bigger. Thus, the word "magnify" can be used as a synonym. You might use "enhanced" in this way when saying, "The new ingredients enhanced the already excellent flavors," and mean, "The new ingredients made the already excellent flavors even more powerful." This is a kind of "magnification," for you can say, "The new ingredients magnified the flavors."

2

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

GRASP

Comprehend

Push

Force

Educate

Recall

Explanation

Although we use the word "grasp" in a physical sense, it also has a metaphorical meaning that is related to this. When we "grasp an idea," we mean that we understand it. Another way of saying that you understand something is to say that you comprehend it. (This actually means that you really understand it.) Do not be fooled by options like "shove" and "force." These do not even match the basic, physical meaning of "grasp."

3

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

LABOR

Struggle

Attempt

Try

Pay

Apply

Explanation

The word "labor" can be used as a noun meaning work. When used as a verb, however, it emphasizes the difficulty involved with a given attempt to work on something. Thus, it basically means to work very hard at something. Therefore, the only option that is acceptable is "struggle." If you said, "I labored at the task all day," this could be translated, "I struggled very hard all day at the task."

4

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

LEAK

Divulge

Press

Indicate

Open

Slip

Explanation

The word "leak" can have several meanings (though they are related). Whenever a substance "leaks," it oozes out from its container. Thus, you can have leaky pipe, a leaky tire, or even a leaky bottle of shampoo. The word can also be used in the sense of "leaking a secret." This is the way that the word is being used in this question. None of the options pertain to leaking physical substances. The word "divulge" means "to tell information that should have been kept secret." It is like the information leaked out from its secrecy!

5

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

CENTRAL

Important

Aware

Plain

Excellent

Sufficient

Explanation

The word "central" can be used to mean in the middle. It can also mean very important. For example, we might say, "She was the central figure in the whole project." This doesn't mean that she merely was in the middle point of the group. She was the most important person involved. (The idea of being central in this sense does come from the general awareness of something being "in the middle" being important often. It is important to see that this involves some changes in meaning.)

6

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

STUN

Amaze

Punch

Hit

Slap

Arrive

Explanation

When someone is "stunned," he or she is unable to move. Therefore, you might be tempted to pick one of the trap options given to this question. Do not be fooled into thinking that "stun" has to do with hurting someone. Therefore, we need to look for another sense to the word. Well, when someone tells someone something surprising, he or she is said to stun the other person if the other person doesn't know how to react. (The person is indeed stopped and unable to move or think!) Thus, we can stun someone with amazing news. The verb "amaze" is a good synonym for this reason. When you "amaze" someone, that person is likely unable to respond at first because of his or her surprise.

7

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

MAJORITY

Most

Minority

Large

Important

Bulky

Explanation

"Majority"means more than 50%, or the group with the most members in a given vote or debate. It is the opposite of "minority,"which therefore cannot be the correct answer. The right answer is "most," because "most" means more than half. Thus, majority and most are synonyms. While "majority"can sometimes be used as a noun, it can also be used as an adjective. ("The majority of the population" is an example of it being used as a noun, while "the majority vote" is an example of it being used as an adjective.)

8

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

ORIGINAL

Creative

Boring

Tedious

Repetitive

Surprising

Explanation

The word "original" can have several meanings, though they are related. In one sense, we say that the "original running shoe" was the very first shoe of its kind. To be "original" is to be first—it is to be at the origin or beginning of something. When someone is "creative," he or she makes new things that others have never made before. That is why we can say that an original person is creative. An "original idea" is one that has never been thought of before; therefore, it is likely very creative. This is the only option that expresses some meaning directly related to "original."

9

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

VILLAIN

Convict

Ghost

Hero

Monster

Devil

Explanation

The word "villain" is often used in stories. It indicates the "bad guy" or the "antagonist" in the story. Now, this might tempt you to choose something like "monster" or "devil," but the best option is actually "convict." Unless the question gives you "antagonist" for an option, you have to use the secondary meaning of "villain," which indicates, in general, someone who inflicts harm on others.

10

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

INTENSE

Passionate

Angry

Annoyed

Regular

Attentive

Explanation

We often use the word "intense" to describe something that is very strong. An intense fire is one that is really hot. Someone can have an "intense personality," meaning that he or she is very passionate. That is the sense of the word being used in the one correct option offered here. Do not be tempted by "angry" or even "attentive." These do not indicate the general sense of strength that is indicated by the term "intensity."

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