Synonyms: Determining Part of Speech

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ISEE Lower Level Verbal Reasoning › Synonyms: Determining Part of Speech

Questions 1 - 10
1

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

PRATTLE

Jabber

Enunciate

Dictate

Leap

Consider

Explanation

“Prattle” is a word that can be used as a noun or a verb, but because all of the potential answer choices are verbs, we will need to consider “prattle” as a verb. When used as a verb, “prattle” means “talk at length in a foolish way,” so we need to pick out an answer choice that means something like “talk in a foolish way.” That means that “enunciate” cannot be the correct answer, because while “prattle” and “enunciate” both have to do with speech, “enunciate” means “say or pronounce clearly.” So, because “enunciate” is very distant in meaning from “prattle,” it cannot be the correct answer. “Jabber,” however, is a word that means “talk rapidly about nonsense” when used as a verb, and because “jabber” is the answer choice closest in meaning to “prattle,” “jabber” is the correct answer.

2

Synonyms: Choose the answer that most closely matches the word in capital letters.

TORMENT

suffering

happiness

preserve

pardon

petrify

Explanation

Torment can be used as either a verb or a noun. When used as a verb, it means to make someone feel pain. When used as a noun, it means great suffering or pain. To further help you, preserve means save; pardon means forgive; petrify means scare.

3

Synonyms: Select the one word or phrase whose meaning is closest to the word in capital letters.

RESOLVE

Solve

Confuse

Exercise

Repair

Deny

Explanation

"Resolve," when used as a verb, means solve or f_ind a solution to a problem or issue_. So, "solve" is the correct answer. "Confuse" means baffle or perplex. "Exercise" means do some sort of physical activity, often for the purpose of improving or maintaining one's health. "Repair" means fix or make functional or correct. "Deny" means refuse or turn down.

4

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

SPLINTER

Shard

Squash

Wooden

Broken

Compress

Explanation

The word "splinter" can be used either as a noun or as a verb. As a verb, it indicates the action of breaking something—as when you splinter a piece of wood into pieces. As a noun, it is used to describe the product of such breaking. Thus, a splinter of wood is a small piece of broken wood. It gets its name from the fact that it is such a small piece. The word "splinter" is not synonymous with "wooden." The word "shard" is synonymous with "splinter," however. A "shard of glass" is a kind of splinter of glass.

5

Synonyms: choose the answer with the meaning closest to the word in question.

Retreat

to pull back

to continue

to build

to fight

to tease

Explanation

"Retreat" means to withdraw or pull back.

6

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

MODERATE

Lessen

Extreme

Encourage

Scary

Welcoming

Explanation

While "moderate" can be taken to mean an adjective meaning middling, average, or intermediate, it can also be used as a verb meaning diminish or make less. If you moderate your anger, for instance, you calm down and become less angry. Based on this definition, the correct answer is "lessen."

7

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

LACK

Absence

Together

Abundance

Stop

Part

Explanation

The correct answer is "absence." Both "lack" and "absence" mean the status of something not being present or available, especially when it is needed. "Abundance" is an opposite, or antonym, of "lack."

8

Select the word that has most nearly the same meaning as the word in capital letters.

ESTEEM

regards

sincerity

congratulations

estimation

arrogant

Explanation

Although "regards" has several meanings, one of them is almost interchangeable with "esteem," which means judgement or opinion.

Note that "estimation," a similar-sounding word, is completely unrelated.

9

Synonyms: Select the one word or phrase whose meaning is closest to the word in capital letters.

CURB

Restrain

Detain

Decipher

Complicate

Prepare

Explanation

"Curb" means keep in check or restrain, so "restrain" is the correct answer. "Detain" means hold in custody, usually for a crime or for trial. "Decipher" means decode or break a code. "Complicate" means make something harder to understand or more confusing. "Prepare" means get ready for something.

10

Synonyms: Select the one word or phrase whose meaning is closest to the word in capital letters.

FEUD

Dispute

Over the top

Renew

Nag

Will

Explanation

A “feud” is a fight, argument or dispute between two or more people, so "dispute" is the correct answer. None of the other answer choices are close in meaning to "feud": “over the top” is an English idiom that means too much or exaggerated; “renew” means return something broken to its former state; “nag” means harass, badger, or pester; and “will” can mean many things, but when used as a noun, "will" means desire to do something or strength of character.

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