The Rise of Industrial Capitalism - AP U.S. History
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What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?
What was the purpose of the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890?
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To curb monopolies and promote competition. First federal law targeting monopolistic business practices and trusts.
To curb monopolies and promote competition. First federal law targeting monopolistic business practices and trusts.
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What term describes large corporations exerting control over entire industries?
What term describes large corporations exerting control over entire industries?
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Monopoly. Single company controls entire industry, eliminating competition and setting prices.
Monopoly. Single company controls entire industry, eliminating competition and setting prices.
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Who was a major figure in the oil industry during the rise of industrial capitalism?
Who was a major figure in the oil industry during the rise of industrial capitalism?
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John D. Rockefeller. Founded Standard Oil Company and dominated petroleum industry through monopoly.
John D. Rockefeller. Founded Standard Oil Company and dominated petroleum industry through monopoly.
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What is the significance of the Gilded Age in U.S. history?
What is the significance of the Gilded Age in U.S. history?
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Period of rapid economic growth and wealth disparity. Era marked by industrial growth but also corruption and inequality.
Period of rapid economic growth and wealth disparity. Era marked by industrial growth but also corruption and inequality.
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What was the significance of the Transcontinental Railroad?
What was the significance of the Transcontinental Railroad?
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Connected the east and west coasts of the U.S. United the nation economically and enabled efficient coast-to-coast trade.
Connected the east and west coasts of the U.S. United the nation economically and enabled efficient coast-to-coast trade.
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Which innovation significantly impacted communication in the late 19th century?
Which innovation significantly impacted communication in the late 19th century?
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The telephone. Alexander Graham Bell's invention revolutionized business communication.
The telephone. Alexander Graham Bell's invention revolutionized business communication.
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What is horizontal integration in business practice?
What is horizontal integration in business practice?
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Merging with or acquiring similar companies. Buying competitors in same industry to eliminate competition.
Merging with or acquiring similar companies. Buying competitors in same industry to eliminate competition.
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What is vertical integration in business practice?
What is vertical integration in business practice?
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Control of production from raw materials to sale. Company owns every step from raw materials to final product sale.
Control of production from raw materials to sale. Company owns every step from raw materials to final product sale.
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What is the significance of the term 'Robber Barons'?
What is the significance of the term 'Robber Barons'?
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Wealthy and powerful 19th-century industrialists. Criticized wealthy industrialists for exploitative business practices.
Wealthy and powerful 19th-century industrialists. Criticized wealthy industrialists for exploitative business practices.
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Identify a major strike during the rise of industrial capitalism.
Identify a major strike during the rise of industrial capitalism.
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The Pullman Strike of 1894. Railroad workers' strike broken by federal troops and injunctions.
The Pullman Strike of 1894. Railroad workers' strike broken by federal troops and injunctions.
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Identify a major consequence of industrial capitalism on urban areas.
Identify a major consequence of industrial capitalism on urban areas.
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Rapid urbanization and population growth. Industrial jobs attracted millions to cities, creating overcrowded conditions.
Rapid urbanization and population growth. Industrial jobs attracted millions to cities, creating overcrowded conditions.
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What was the goal of the Granger Laws?
What was the goal of the Granger Laws?
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Regulate railroad rates and practices. State laws regulating railroad rates to protect farmers from exploitation.
Regulate railroad rates and practices. State laws regulating railroad rates to protect farmers from exploitation.
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What is Social Darwinism in the context of industrial capitalism?
What is Social Darwinism in the context of industrial capitalism?
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Belief in survival of the fittest in business. Applied Darwin's evolution theory to justify business competition and inequality.
Belief in survival of the fittest in business. Applied Darwin's evolution theory to justify business competition and inequality.
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What was the purpose of the National Labor Union?
What was the purpose of the National Labor Union?
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Advocate for labor rights and reforms. Early federation fighting for eight-hour workdays and worker protections.
Advocate for labor rights and reforms. Early federation fighting for eight-hour workdays and worker protections.
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Which sector experienced significant growth due to industrial capitalism?
Which sector experienced significant growth due to industrial capitalism?
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Manufacturing and industrial sector. Heavy industry and manufacturing replaced agriculture as economic driver.
Manufacturing and industrial sector. Heavy industry and manufacturing replaced agriculture as economic driver.
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What is the significance of the term 'Gospel of Wealth'?
What is the significance of the term 'Gospel of Wealth'?
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Carnegie's philosophy of philanthropy for the rich. Carnegie's belief that wealthy should use fortunes for social good.
Carnegie's philosophy of philanthropy for the rich. Carnegie's belief that wealthy should use fortunes for social good.
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What was a key feature of the Second Industrial Revolution?
What was a key feature of the Second Industrial Revolution?
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Advancements in steel, electricity, and chemicals. Period of technological innovation in steel, electricity, and chemicals.
Advancements in steel, electricity, and chemicals. Period of technological innovation in steel, electricity, and chemicals.
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Identify the main transportation innovation of the industrial era.
Identify the main transportation innovation of the industrial era.
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Railroads. Steam-powered trains transformed transportation and commerce nationwide.
Railroads. Steam-powered trains transformed transportation and commerce nationwide.
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What was the economic impact of the Panic of 1893?
What was the economic impact of the Panic of 1893?
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Severe depression and bank failures. Economic crisis caused by railroad overbuilding and financial speculation.
Severe depression and bank failures. Economic crisis caused by railroad overbuilding and financial speculation.
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What was the outcome of the Haymarket Riot?
What was the outcome of the Haymarket Riot?
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Increased fear of labor movements and anarchism. Chicago violence turned public opinion against labor unions and strikes.
Increased fear of labor movements and anarchism. Chicago violence turned public opinion against labor unions and strikes.
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What was the main goal of the American Federation of Labor?
What was the main goal of the American Federation of Labor?
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To improve wages and working conditions. Samuel Gompers led this skilled workers' union focused on practical gains.
To improve wages and working conditions. Samuel Gompers led this skilled workers' union focused on practical gains.
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Which labor union formed in 1869 sought to organize all workers?
Which labor union formed in 1869 sought to organize all workers?
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Knights of Labor. Early labor union that welcomed all workers regardless of skill level.
Knights of Labor. Early labor union that welcomed all workers regardless of skill level.
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What is a trust in the context of industrial capitalism?
What is a trust in the context of industrial capitalism?
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A combination of firms to reduce competition. Business arrangement where companies coordinate to control prices and markets.
A combination of firms to reduce competition. Business arrangement where companies coordinate to control prices and markets.
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Identify one key technological advancement in the late 19th century U.S.
Identify one key technological advancement in the late 19th century U.S.
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The Bessemer process for steel production. Revolutionized steel production by removing impurities cheaply and efficiently.
The Bessemer process for steel production. Revolutionized steel production by removing impurities cheaply and efficiently.
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What was the effect of the Homestead Act on industrial capitalism?
What was the effect of the Homestead Act on industrial capitalism?
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Encouraged westward expansion and resource access. Provided land for settlement, creating markets and labor for industry.
Encouraged westward expansion and resource access. Provided land for settlement, creating markets and labor for industry.
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Which legislation aimed to regulate railroads and prevent unfair practices?
Which legislation aimed to regulate railroads and prevent unfair practices?
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The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887. Created Interstate Commerce Commission to regulate railroad monopolies.
The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887. Created Interstate Commerce Commission to regulate railroad monopolies.
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What innovation is Thomas Edison most famous for?
What innovation is Thomas Edison most famous for?
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The electric light bulb. Practical incandescent bulb transformed lighting and extended working hours.
The electric light bulb. Practical incandescent bulb transformed lighting and extended working hours.
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What was Andrew Carnegie known for in industrial capitalism?
What was Andrew Carnegie known for in industrial capitalism?
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Steel industry leadership. Built Carnegie Steel Company through vertical integration and efficiency.
Steel industry leadership. Built Carnegie Steel Company through vertical integration and efficiency.
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Which act was passed to prevent the formation of monopolies?
Which act was passed to prevent the formation of monopolies?
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Sherman Antitrust Act. Landmark antitrust legislation targeting monopolistic business practices.
Sherman Antitrust Act. Landmark antitrust legislation targeting monopolistic business practices.
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What role did J.P. Morgan play in industrial capitalism?
What role did J.P. Morgan play in industrial capitalism?
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Finance and banking sector influence. Powerful banker who financed major corporations and railroad consolidation.
Finance and banking sector influence. Powerful banker who financed major corporations and railroad consolidation.
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