Torque
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AP Physics C: Mechanics › Torque
A 1.00 m door pivots about its hinge; two forces act at the handle 1.00 m from hinge: $F_1=10,\mathrm{N}$ perpendicular, $F_2=10,\mathrm{N}$ at $30^\circ$ to the door. Based on the setup, which force produces the maximum torque?
$F_1$ produces greater torque
Neither produces torque about hinge
They produce equal torque
$F_2$ produces greater torque
Explanation
This question tests AP Physics C: Mechanics skills, specifically understanding torque and rotational dynamics with focus on comparing torques from forces at different angles. For maximum torque, the force should be perpendicular to the lever arm. F₁ acts perpendicular to the door, producing τ₁ = (1.00 m)(10 N)sin(90°) = 10 N·m. F₂ acts at 30° to the door, producing τ₂ = (1.00 m)(10 N)sin(30°) = 5 N·m. Choice A is correct because the perpendicular force F₁ produces greater torque (10 N·m) than the angled force F₂ (5 N·m). Choice C might result from not considering the angle effect on torque magnitude. To help students: Demonstrate that torque is maximized when force is perpendicular to the lever arm. Use visual aids to show how the effective force component decreases as the angle deviates from 90°.