Varied Vocabulary In Speech/Writing

Help Questions

AP Japanese Language and Culture › Varied Vocabulary In Speech/Writing

Questions 1 - 10
1

Read the passage.

【場面:ビジネス会議(丁寧)】

加藤:進捗(しんちょく)ですが、想定(そうてい)より遅(おく)れております。

部長:原因(げんいん)は何(なん)ですか。

加藤:要件(ようけん)の追加(ついか)が重(かさ)なり、工数(こうすう)が増(ふ)えました。

部長:承知(しょうち)しました。では、優先順位(ゆうせんじゅんい)を再設定(さいせってい)し、巻(ま)き返(かえ)しましょう。

In the conversation, what does 巻き返す imply?

会議(かいぎ)を巻(ま)いて短(みじか)くすること

遅(おく)れを取(と)り戻(もど)して挽回(ばんかい)すること

作業(さぎょう)をやめて休(やす)むこと

責任(せきにん)を他人(たにん)に押(お)し付(つ)けること

Explanation

This question tests AP Japanese Language and Culture skills, specifically the use of varied vocabulary in context. Using varied vocabulary is crucial for expressing nuanced meaning and appropriate tone in different contexts. Japanese language includes levels of formality and honorifics that influence word choice. In this dialogue, the word 巻き返す is used to convey recovering from delay in a business update. Choice A is correct because it accurately reflects the intended meaning of 巻き返す as used in the passage, maintaining appropriate tone and context. Choice B is incorrect because it suggests stopping, a common error when students misinterpret recovery terms. To help students: Encourage practice with varied language settings and contexts, focusing on formality cues and idiomatic expressions. Teach strategies to infer meaning from context and practice identifying tone and formality in passages.

2

Read the passage.

【場面:ビジネス会議(丁寧)】

渡辺:先方(せんぽう)からの要望(ようぼう)を踏(ふ)まえ、仕様(しよう)を更新(こうしん)しました。

木村:ありがとうございます。では、影響範囲(えいきょうはんい)を共有(きょうゆう)いただけますか。

渡辺:はい、関連(かんれん)チームへ展開(てんかい)し、認識(にんしき)を合(あ)わせます。

木村:助(たす)かります。引(ひ)き続(つづ)きお願(ねが)いいたします。

In the conversation, what does 踏まえ imply?

会議(かいぎ)を踏(ふ)み台(だい)にすること

床(ゆか)を強(つよ)く踏(ふ)んで怒(おこ)ること

状況(じょうきょう)を考慮(こうりょ)して行動(こうどう)すること

要望(ようぼう)を無視(むし)して進(すす)めること

Explanation

This question tests AP Japanese Language and Culture skills, specifically the use of varied vocabulary in context. Using varied vocabulary is crucial for expressing nuanced meaning and appropriate tone in different contexts. Japanese language includes levels of formality and honorifics that influence word choice. In this dialogue, the word 踏まえ is used to convey considering requests in a business update. Choice A is correct because it accurately reflects the intended meaning of 踏まえ as used in the passage, maintaining appropriate tone and context. Choice B is incorrect because it literalizes to anger, a common error when students ignore contextual consideration. To help students: Encourage practice with varied language settings and contexts, focusing on formality cues and idiomatic expressions. Teach strategies to infer meaning from context and practice identifying tone and formality in passages.

3

Read the passage. ビジネス会議(かいぎ)の場(ば):

部長(ぶちょう)「今回(こんかい)の提案(ていあん)は魅力的(みりょくてき)ですが、課題(かだい)もあります。」

高橋(たかはし)「ご指摘(してき)ありがとうございます。課題(かだい)は主(おも)に人員(じんいん)配置(はいち)で、追加(ついか)採用(さいよう)を検討(けんとう)しております。」

部長「その点(てん)は重要(じゅうよう)ですね。関係部署(かんけいぶしょ)とも調整(ちょうせい)をお願(ねが)いします。」

高橋「かしこまりました。早急(そうきゅう)に進(すす)めます。」

How does the use of ご指摘(してき) change the tone of the dialogue?

相手(あいて)への敬意(けいい)を示(しめ)し丁寧(ていねい)になる

相手(あいて)を見下(みくだ)す失礼(しつれい)な印象(いんしょう)になる

友達(ともだち)同士(どうし)の軽(かる)い冗談(じょうだん)になる

話題(わだい)が旅行(りょこう)の計画(けいかく)に変(か)わる

Explanation

This question tests AP Japanese Language and Culture skills, specifically the use of varied vocabulary in context. Using varied vocabulary is crucial for expressing nuanced meaning and appropriate tone in different contexts. Japanese language includes levels of formality and honorifics that influence word choice. In this business dialogue, the use of ご指摘 (ごしてき) adds the honorific prefix ご to show respect when acknowledging someone's comments or criticisms. Choice A is correct because it accurately reflects how ご指摘 changes the tone - it shows respect and politeness toward the superior who pointed out issues, making the response more formal and deferential. Choice C is incorrect because using honorifics like ご actually shows respect, not condescension. To help students: Encourage practice with honorific prefixes (ご・お) and their appropriate usage in business contexts. Teach strategies to recognize how honorifics elevate formality and show respect in professional interactions.

4

Read the passage.

【場面:教室の発表(丁寧)】

玲奈:大正(たいしょう)デモクラシーでは、普通選挙(ふつうせんきょ)への動(うご)きが高(たか)まりました。

玲奈:その要因(よういん)として、都市化(としか)と労働運動(ろうどううんどう)が挙(あ)げられます。

先生:今(いま)の「要因」は、どのような意味(いみ)で使(つか)っていますか。

玲奈:結果(けっか)を生(う)み出(だ)す原因(げんいん)のことです。

In the passage, what does 要因 imply?

発表(はっぴょう)の結論(けつろん)

例(れい)を増(ふ)やす合図(あいず)

質問(しつもん)への丁寧(ていねい)な断(ことわ)り

結果(けっか)を生(う)む原因(げんいん)

Explanation

This question tests AP Japanese Language and Culture skills, specifically the use of varied vocabulary in context. Using varied vocabulary is crucial for expressing nuanced meaning and appropriate tone in different contexts. Japanese language includes levels of formality and honorifics that influence word choice. In this dialogue, the word 要因 is used to convey causative factors in a historical analysis. Choice A is correct because it accurately reflects the intended meaning of 要因 as used in the passage, maintaining appropriate tone and context. Choice B is incorrect because it confuses with conclusions, a common error when students overlook causal vocabulary. To help students: Encourage practice with varied language settings and contexts, focusing on formality cues and idiomatic expressions. Teach strategies to infer meaning from context and practice identifying tone and formality in passages.

5

Read the passage.

【場面:教室の発表(丁寧)】

真央:鎌倉(かまくら)幕府(ばくふ)の成立(せいりつ)は、武士(ぶし)の台頭(たいとう)を示(しめ)します。

真央:その背景(はいけい)には、地方(ちほう)の治安(ちあん)維持(いじ)の必要性(ひつようせい)がありました。

先生:発表(はっぴょう)の結論(けつろん)を簡潔(かんけつ)にまとめてください。

真央:はい、政治(せいじ)の中心(ちゅうしん)が変化(へんか)した点(てん)です。

In the passage, what does 台頭 imply?

急(きゅう)に消(き)えてしまうこと

昔(むかし)に戻(もど)ること

勢力(せいりょく)が強(つよ)くなり現(あらわ)れること

台(だい)の上(うえ)で頭(あたま)を下(さ)げること

Explanation

This question tests AP Japanese Language and Culture skills, specifically the use of varied vocabulary in context. Using varied vocabulary is crucial for expressing nuanced meaning and appropriate tone in different contexts. Japanese language includes levels of formality and honorifics that influence word choice. In this dialogue, the word 台頭 is used to convey the rise of power in a historical presentation. Choice A is correct because it accurately reflects the intended meaning of 台頭 as used in the passage, maintaining appropriate tone and context. Choice B is incorrect because it literalizes to physical action, a common error when students overlook metaphorical use. To help students: Encourage practice with varied language settings and contexts, focusing on formality cues and idiomatic expressions. Teach strategies to infer meaning from context and practice identifying tone and formality in passages.

6

Read the passage.

【場面:家族の集まり(カジュアル)】

母:旅行(りょこう)の荷物(にもつ)、多(おお)すぎない?

兄:念(ねん)のためだよ。

妹:でもスーツケース閉(し)まらないじゃん。

父:取捨選択(しゅしゃせんたく)しな。必要(ひつよう)な物(もの)だけにしよう。

兄:わかった、服(ふく)減(へ)らす。

In the conversation, what does 取捨選択 imply?

家(いえ)で待機(たいき)するという意味

全部(ぜんぶ)持(も)っていくという意味

相手(あいて)に謝罪(しゃざい)するという意味

要(い)る物(もの)を選(えら)び不要(ふよう)を捨(す)てること

Explanation

This question tests AP Japanese Language and Culture skills, specifically the use of varied vocabulary in context. Using varied vocabulary is crucial for expressing nuanced meaning and appropriate tone in different contexts. Japanese language includes levels of formality and honorifics that influence word choice. In this dialogue, the phrase 取捨選択 is used to convey selecting essentials in packing for travel. Choice A is correct because it accurately reflects the intended meaning of 取捨選択 as used in the passage, maintaining appropriate tone and context. Choice B is incorrect because it suggests taking everything, a common error when students overlook decision-making vocabulary. To help students: Encourage practice with varied language settings and contexts, focusing on formality cues and idiomatic expressions. Teach strategies to infer meaning from context and practice identifying tone and formality in passages.

7

Read the passage.

【場面:家族の集まり(カジュアル)】

姉:明日(あした)、朝市(あさいち)行(い)かない?新鮮(しんせん)な野菜(やさい)買(か)えるよ。

弟:朝(あさ)は眠(ねむ)い…。

母:たまには付き合(つきあ)いなさい。

父:行(い)こう。早起(はやお)きは三文(さんもん)の得(とく)だ。

弟:じゃあ、起(お)きる努力(どりょく)する。

In the conversation, what does 早起きは三文の得 imply?

朝市(あさいち)は三(みっ)つの店(みせ)だけ行(い)く

早起(はやお)きすると少(すこ)し得(とく)をする

早起(はやお)きは必(かなら)ず損(そん)をする

三文(さんもん)払(はら)うと朝(あさ)寝(ね)できる

Explanation

This question tests AP Japanese Language and Culture skills, specifically the use of varied vocabulary in context. Using varied vocabulary is crucial for expressing nuanced meaning and appropriate tone in different contexts. Japanese language includes levels of formality and honorifics that influence word choice. In this dialogue, the proverb 早起きは三文の得 is used to convey benefits of early rising in a family plan. Choice A is correct because it accurately reflects the intended meaning of 早起きは三文の得 as used in the passage, maintaining appropriate tone and context. Choice B is incorrect because it suggests loss, a common error when students invert proverbial benefits. To help students: Encourage practice with varied language settings and contexts, focusing on formality cues and idiomatic expressions. Teach strategies to infer meaning from context and practice identifying tone and formality in passages.

8

Read the passage.

【場面:教室の発表(丁寧)】

健太:明治(めいじ)期(き)の近代化(きんだいか)では、教育制度(きょういくせいど)の整備(せいび)が進(すす)みました。

健太:特(とく)に義務教育(ぎむきょういく)の導入(どうにゅう)は識字率(しきじりつ)に影響(えいきょう)しました。

先生:その影響(えいきょう)を裏付(うらづ)ける根拠(こんきょ)はありますか。

健太:統計(とうけい)資料(しりょう)を参照(さんしょう)して示(しめ)します。

In the conversation, what does 裏付ける imply?

相手(あいて)の質問(しつもん)を無視(むし)すること

意見(いけん)を感情的(かんじょうてき)に強(つよ)めること

話(はなし)を省略(しょうりゃく)して終(お)えること

根拠(こんきょ)で確(たし)かにすること

Explanation

This question tests AP Japanese Language and Culture skills, specifically the use of varied vocabulary in context. Using varied vocabulary is crucial for expressing nuanced meaning and appropriate tone in different contexts. Japanese language includes levels of formality and honorifics that influence word choice. In this dialogue, the word 裏付ける is used to convey supporting with evidence in a presentation. Choice B is correct because it accurately reflects the intended meaning of 裏付ける as used in the passage, maintaining appropriate tone and context. Choice A is incorrect because it implies emotional emphasis, a common error when students overlook evidential context. To help students: Encourage practice with varied language settings and contexts, focusing on formality cues and idiomatic expressions. Teach strategies to infer meaning from context and practice identifying tone and formality in passages.

9

Read the passage.

【場面:友達同士(ともだちどうし)の週末旅行(しゅうまつりょこう)(カジュアル)】

美咲:今週末(こんしゅうまつ)、箱根(はこね)行(い)かない?温泉(おんせん)もあるし!

健:いいね!でも予算(よさん)は抑(おさ)えたいな。

美咲:じゃあ、宿(やど)は素泊(すど)まりで、食(た)べ歩(ある)きしよ。

健:それなら賛成(さんせい)。早起(はやお)きできる?

美咲:任(まか)せて、気合(きあい)入(い)れて起(お)きる!

In the conversation, what does the word 素泊まり imply?

食事(しょくじ)付(つ)きで泊(と)まること

昼(ひる)だけ部屋(へや)を借(か)りること

食事(しょくじ)なしで泊(と)まること

友達(ともだち)の家(いえ)に無料(むりょう)で泊(と)まること

Explanation

This question tests AP Japanese Language and Culture skills, specifically the use of varied vocabulary in context. Using varied vocabulary is crucial for expressing nuanced meaning and appropriate tone in different contexts. Japanese language includes levels of formality and honorifics that influence word choice. In this dialogue, the choice of 素泊まり is used to convey a budget-friendly lodging option in a casual travel plan. Choice C is correct because it accurately reflects the intended meaning of 素泊まり as used in the passage, maintaining appropriate tone and context. Choice A is incorrect because it confuses the term with including meals, a common error when students ignore travel-specific vocabulary. To help students: Encourage practice with varied language settings and contexts, focusing on formality cues and idiomatic expressions. Teach strategies to infer meaning from context and practice identifying tone and formality in passages.

10

Read the passage.

【場面:家族の集まり(カジュアル)】

姉:お正月(しょうがつ)、親戚(しんせき)が来(く)るから掃除(そうじ)しよ。

弟:えー、面倒(めんどう)。

父:文句(もんく)言(い)うな。まず玄関(げんかん)からだ。

母:みんなでやれば、あっという間(ま)よ。

弟:じゃあ、俺(おれ)は窓(まど)担当(たんとう)ね。

In the conversation, what does あっという間 imply?

静(しず)かに待(ま)つこと

途中(とちゅう)でやめること

時間(じかん)がとても長(なが)く感(かん)じること

一瞬(いっしゅん)で終(お)わるほど早(はや)いこと

Explanation

This question tests AP Japanese Language and Culture skills, specifically the use of varied vocabulary in context. Using varied vocabulary is crucial for expressing nuanced meaning and appropriate tone in different contexts. Japanese language includes levels of formality and honorifics that influence word choice. In this dialogue, the phrase あっという間 is used to convey quick completion in a family chore discussion. Choice B is correct because it accurately reflects the intended meaning of あっという間 as used in the passage, maintaining appropriate tone and context. Choice A is incorrect because it suggests prolonged time, a common error when students misinterpret speed idioms. To help students: Encourage practice with varied language settings and contexts, focusing on formality cues and idiomatic expressions. Teach strategies to infer meaning from context and practice identifying tone and formality in passages.

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