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This deck focuses on Computing Bias, giving you a quick way to review the definitions, rules, and examples that matter most for AP Computer Science Principles.
AP Computer Science Principles Flashcards: Computing Bias
Study Computing Bias in AP Computer Science Principles with focused flashcards that help you recognize the idea, recall the key rule, and apply it in practice-style prompts.
AP Computer Science Principles
Computing Bias
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QUESTION
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Identify a method to detect bias in datasets.
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ANSWER
Statistical analysis. Mathematical tests reveal unequal treatment across groups.
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Flashcard 1: Identify a method to detect bias in datasets.
Answer: Statistical analysis. Mathematical tests reveal unequal treatment across groups.
Flashcard 2: What is the role of accountability in computing bias?
Answer: Holds developers responsible for outcomes. Developers must answer for discriminatory algorithm outcomes.
Flashcard 3: What is automation bias?
Answer: Overreliance on automated systems. Humans trust computer decisions without proper scrutiny.
Flashcard 4: What is anchoring bias?
Answer: Relying too heavily on initial information. Initial information disproportionately influences final decisions.
Flashcard 5: What is the role of transparency in reducing bias?
Answer: Allows scrutiny and correction of biases. Open algorithms enable identification and correction of bias.
Flashcard 6: What is algorithmic bias?
Answer: Bias arising from algorithm design and implementation. Occurs when the algorithm's structure inherently favors certain groups.
Flashcard 7: What is implicit bias?
Answer: Unconscious attitudes affecting decisions. Hidden prejudices influence seemingly objective decisions.
Flashcard 8: Which bias arises from non-random data collection?
Answer: Sampling bias. Occurs when data collection methods favor certain groups.
Flashcard 9: Identify an ethical concern with computing bias.
Answer: Unfair treatment of individuals or groups. Algorithms perpetuate discrimination against protected classes.
Flashcard 10: What role does diversity play in reducing bias?
Answer: Promotes varied perspectives and reduces bias. Different backgrounds challenge assumptions and identify blind spots.
Flashcard 11: What is algorithmic bias?
Answer: Bias arising from algorithm design and implementation. Occurs when the algorithm's structure inherently favors certain groups.
Flashcard 12: What is confirmation bias in computing?
Answer: Favoring information confirming preconceptions. Developers design systems based on their existing beliefs.
Flashcard 13: Identify a common cause of measurement bias.
Answer: Inaccurate data collection tools. Sensors or surveys that systematically misrepresent reality.
Flashcard 14: Identify the bias in historical data algorithms.
Answer: Perpetuating outdated norms. Past discrimination gets encoded into present-day decisions.
Flashcard 15: What is the role of accountability in computing bias?
Answer: Holds developers responsible for outcomes. Developers must answer for discriminatory algorithm outcomes.
Flashcard 16: What is the significance of fairness in AI ethics?
Answer: Ensures equitable treatment across groups. All groups should receive equal quality of service.
Flashcard 17: Identify an ethical concern with computing bias.
Answer: Unfair treatment of individuals or groups. Algorithms perpetuate discrimination against protected classes.
Flashcard 18: What is the definition of computing bias?
Answer: Systematic errors in algorithms affecting outcomes unfairly. These errors create unequal treatment across different groups.
Flashcard 19: What is representational bias?
Answer: Underrepresentation of certain groups in data. Some demographics are missing or undersampled in training data.
Flashcard 20: Which type of bias is caused by flawed assumptions?
Answer: Confirmation bias. Programmers' assumptions get embedded into the algorithm.
Flashcard 21: Identify a legal concern related to computing bias.
Answer: Violation of anti-discrimination laws. Biased systems can violate equal protection laws.
Flashcard 22: Which term describes bias from unrepresentative samples?
Answer: Selection bias. Samples don't accurately represent the broader population.
Flashcard 23: What is the impact of data imbalance on bias?
Answer: Skews algorithm results. Unequal group representation distorts learned patterns.
Flashcard 24: Identify a form of bias in predictive policing.
Answer: Racial profiling. Using location as proxy for race creates discriminatory outcomes.
Flashcard 25: What is a feedback loop in computing bias?
Answer: Biased outcomes reinforce biased data. Algorithm decisions create new biased data for future training.
Flashcard 26: What is the role of transparency in reducing bias?
Answer: Allows scrutiny and correction of biases. Open algorithms enable identification and correction of bias.
Flashcard 27: Identify a method to detect bias in datasets.
Answer: Statistical analysis. Mathematical tests reveal unequal treatment across groups.
Flashcard 28: Which type of bias is caused by flawed assumptions?
Answer: Confirmation bias. Programmers' assumptions get embedded into the algorithm.
Flashcard 29: Identify a potential bias in loan approval algorithms.
Answer: Discrimination based on zip code. Location serves as proxy for protected characteristics.
Flashcard 30: What is data bias?
Answer: Bias introduced by data selection or processing. Problems in how data is collected, labeled, or preprocessed.
Flashcard 31: What is confirmation bias in computing?
Answer: Favoring information confirming preconceptions. Developers design systems based on their existing beliefs.
Flashcard 32: Which type of bias results from algorithm simplifications?
Answer: Overgeneralization bias. Algorithms make broad assumptions that miss important nuances.
Flashcard 33: Which type of bias is present if an algorithm favors data trends?
Answer: Trend bias. Algorithm learns patterns that may not apply universally.
Flashcard 34: What is representational bias?
Answer: Underrepresentation of certain groups in data. Some demographics are missing or undersampled in training data.
Flashcard 35: Which bias is due to overfitting a model?
Answer: Model bias. Models trained too specifically fail to generalize fairly.
Flashcard 36: What is the impact of bias in automated decision-making?
Answer: Potential for unfair outcomes. Biased systems create systematic disadvantages for certain groups.
Flashcard 37: State a method to reduce bias in algorithms.
Answer: Use diverse and representative datasets. Inclusive datasets prevent algorithms from learning harmful patterns.
Flashcard 38: What is the impact of data imbalance on bias?
Answer: Skews algorithm results. Unequal group representation distorts learned patterns.
Flashcard 39: What is exclusion bias?
Answer: Excluding relevant data points. Important subgroups are left out of the analysis.
Flashcard 40: What is data bias?
Answer: Bias introduced by data selection or processing. Problems in how data is collected, labeled, or preprocessed.
Flashcard 41: What role does diversity play in reducing bias?
Answer: Promotes varied perspectives and reduces bias. Different backgrounds challenge assumptions and identify blind spots.
Flashcard 42: Which option is a consequence of biased algorithms?
Answer: Discrimination. Biased algorithms systematically disadvantage certain groups.
Flashcard 43: What is a proxy variable?
Answer: Variable used as a substitute for another. Indirect measure that may introduce unintended correlations.
Flashcard 44: Identify a strategy to mitigate bias in AI systems.
Answer: Regular audits for bias detection. Systematic testing helps identify discriminatory patterns early.
Flashcard 45: Which type of bias results from algorithm simplifications?
Answer: Overgeneralization bias. Algorithms make broad assumptions that miss important nuances.
Flashcard 46: Which option is a consequence of biased algorithms?
Answer: Discrimination. Biased algorithms systematically disadvantage certain groups.
Flashcard 47: What is the significance of fairness in AI ethics?
Answer: Ensures equitable treatment across groups. All groups should receive equal quality of service.
Flashcard 48: Identify a potential bias in loan approval algorithms.
Answer: Discrimination based on zip code. Location serves as proxy for protected characteristics.
Flashcard 49: Which bias occurs when outcomes reinforce pre-existing biases?
Answer: Feedback bias. System outputs create conditions that reinforce the original bias.
Flashcard 50: What is exclusion bias?
Answer: Excluding relevant data points. Important subgroups are left out of the analysis.
Flashcard 51: What is the definition of computing bias?
Answer: Systematic errors in algorithms affecting outcomes unfairly. These errors create unequal treatment across different groups.
Flashcard 52: Identify a common cause of measurement bias.
Answer: Inaccurate data collection tools. Sensors or surveys that systematically misrepresent reality.
Flashcard 53: Identify one source of bias in computational data.
Answer: Biased training data. Training datasets reflecting existing prejudices lead to biased models.