Beliefs, Values, and Ideologies Practice Test

This Cultural Dialogue passage stages a conversation between a university student and their grandparent about Daoism (道家 daojia, “Daoist tradition”). The grandparent quotes “道法自然” (dào fǎ zìrán, “the Dao models itself on nature”) and explains 无为 (wúwéi, “non-coercive action”) as acting without forcing outcomes, like tending a garden by observing seasons. The student links this to modern stress management—taking screen breaks, hiking, and simplifying consumption—while also noting deadlines require planning. The idiom “顺其自然” (shùn qí zìrán, “let things follow their natural course”) is framed as a flexible attitude rather than passivity. According to the text, which cultural practice exemplifies Daoist principles as described in the dialogue?

This Value Comparison passage contrasts Confucianism (儒家 rujia, “Confucian tradition”) and Daoism (道家 daojia, “Daoist tradition”) without reducing either to a slogan. Confucianism highlights 仁 (rén, “humaneness”) and 礼 (lǐ, “ritual propriety”) as cultivated through roles—parent/child, teacher/student—summed up by “修身齐家治国平天下” (xiūshēn qíjiā zhìguó píng tiānxià, “cultivate the self, regulate the family, govern the state, bring peace under heaven”). Daoism stresses 自然 (zìrán, “naturalness”) and 无为 (wúwéi, “non-coercive action”), illustrated by “上善若水” (shàng shàn ruò shuǐ, “the highest goodness is like water”)—adaptive and non-contentious. The text notes modern workplaces may blend both: clear norms plus flexibility. Based on the passage, how does Confucianism influence modern Chinese family structure according to the passage?