The sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints link two bones of the pectoral girdle to each other and to the trunk of the body. They also combine their movements to increase reach length of the upper limb. They are both synovial joints and surrounded by a joint capsule with numerous ligaments to reinforce their movements. The glenohumeral joint serves in articulation of the humerus and scapula. The Sternohumeral joint does not exist.

The cuboid-metatarsal joint is a joint that connects the cuboid bone to the metatarsals, and is not generally considered part of the three major ankle joints. Instead, it is generally classified as a joint in the foot.

The glenoid cavity of the scapula is the place of articulation between the scapula and the humerus. The acromion and coracoid process are not sites of joint articulation and the olecranon is not found on the scapula, but on the ulna.

A shoulder dislocation occurs when the humeral head is removed from the glenoid fossa. The clavicle and coracoacromial ligament are located superior to the joint, preventing superior dislocation, and the body o the scapula is posterior to the joint, preventing posterior dislocation. Most commonly, the humeral head is pushed forward and downward. There is the least resistance to dislocation in the anterior and inferior directions; though glenohumeral dislocation can occur in other orientations, these are far less common.

The axillary nerve travels through the quadrangular space with the posterior circumflex humeral artery, and can be damaged due to trauma of the upper extremity, particularly anterior-inferior shoulder dislocations. When the dislocation is reduced, placement of the humeral head can displace or damage the nerve if done improperly.

The ulna is not part of the radiocarpal joint—if it were, the forces acting on the joint would prevent proper flexion and extension, limiting hand mobility and causing excessive damage from counterforces caused by the radius. Instead, a thin fibrocartiliginous ligament called the articular disk sits between the distal end of the ulna and the radiocarpal joint, allowing for a smooth, concave surface on the proximal side of the joint.

The shoulder, similar to the hip is formed by a ball-and-socket joint. The ball is created by the head of the humerus, while the socket is created by the glenoid cavity. This creates a smaller, less stable version of the ball-and-socket joint in the hip

The rectus femoris, specifically the reflected head, attaches to the anterosuperior portion of the hip capsule. The gluteus minimus attaches to the superolateral portion of the capsule. Although its contribution to the capsule is relatively small, the obturator externus attaches to the posteroinferior joint capsule. Despite contributing to dynamic hip stability by eccentrically controlling hip internal rotation, the piriformis does not attach to the hip's joint capsule.

The zona orbicularis is a portion of the joint capsule of the acetabulofemoral (hip) joint. It is thought to resist distraction (pulling out) of the femur. Additionally, it is believed to help circulate synovial fluid in the joint. As you may recall, synovial fluid helps lubricate joints and provides nutrition to their articular cartilage.

The radiohumeral joint of the elbow is formed by the articulation between the head of the radius, and the capitellum of the humerus. While the trochlea of the humerus, and the olecranon fossa do form part of the elbow, they articulate with the ulna. The scaphoid does articulate with the raidius, but at the distal end of the bone.