All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a car engine burning gasoline to move the car.
Answer: Input: chemical energy (gasoline); Output: mechanical (motion) energy. Combustion releases energy that pistons convert to motion.
Flashcard 2: What do the terms energy input and energy output mean for a device that converts energy?
Answer: Input: energy that enters; Output: energy that leaves after conversion. Devices transform energy from one form to another during operation.
Flashcard 3: Which statement best describes energy conversion in a device: energy is created, destroyed, or changed in form?
Answer: Energy is changed in form (converted), not created or destroyed. Energy follows conservation law - it transforms but total amount stays constant.
Flashcard 4: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a flashlight that uses batteries.
Answer: Input: chemical energy; Output: light energy. Batteries store chemical energy that converts to light in bulbs.
Flashcard 5: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a toaster that is plugged into a wall outlet.
Answer: Input: electrical energy; Output: thermal (heat) energy. Electric current flows through heating elements to warm bread.
Flashcard 6: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a ceiling fan running on electricity.
Answer: Input: electrical energy; Output: mechanical (motion) energy. Electric motor spins blades to create air movement.
Flashcard 7: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a hair dryer that blows warm air.
Answer: Input: electrical energy; Output: thermal (heat) energy. Heating element warms air while motor blows it out.
Flashcard 8: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a speaker playing music from a phone.
Answer: Input: electrical energy; Output: sound energy. Electric signals vibrate speaker cone to produce sound waves.
Flashcard 9: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a television that is turned on.
Answer: Input: electrical energy; Output: light and sound energy. Screen emits light while speakers produce sound from electric signals.
Flashcard 10: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a microwave oven heating food.
Answer: Input: electrical energy; Output: thermal (heat) energy in food. Microwaves agitate water molecules in food, creating heat.
Flashcard 11: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a blender mixing food when switched on.
Answer: Input: electrical energy; Output: mechanical (motion) energy. Motor spins blades to chop and mix ingredients.
Flashcard 12: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a solar panel used to power a device.
Answer: Input: light energy; Output: electrical energy. Photovoltaic cells transform sunlight into electric current.
Flashcard 13: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a wind turbine generating electricity.
Answer: Input: mechanical (wind motion) energy; Output: electrical energy. Wind spins turbine blades connected to generators.
Flashcard 14: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a hydroelectric dam generating electricity.
Answer: Input: moving water (mechanical) energy; Output: electrical energy. Falling water turns turbines that generate electricity.
Flashcard 15: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a bicycle rider pedaling to move forward.
Answer: Input: chemical energy (food); Output: mechanical (motion) energy. Body converts food energy into muscle movement.
Flashcard 16: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a candle that is burning.
Answer: Input: chemical energy (wax); Output: light and thermal energy. Burning wax releases energy as flame and heat.
Flashcard 17: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a stove burner heating a pot (electric stove).
Answer: Input: electrical energy; Output: thermal (heat) energy. Resistance in heating coils converts electricity to heat.
Flashcard 18: Which energy output is almost always present when a device is operating, even if it is not the main output?
Answer: Thermal (heat) energy. Most devices waste some energy as heat due to inefficiency.
Flashcard 19: Identify the energy input and main energy output of a doorbell that rings when a button is pressed.
Answer: Input: electrical energy; Output: sound energy. Electric current activates electromagnet to strike chime.
Flashcard 20: What is the energy input and output of a solar calculator in bright sunlight?
Answer: Input: light (solar); Output: electrical. Solar cells convert sunlight directly into electricity to power the calculator.
Flashcard 21: Identify the energy input and output of a toaster when it is heating bread.
Answer: Input: electrical; Output: thermal (heat). Electric current flows through heating elements that warm the bread.
Flashcard 22: What is the energy input and output of a ceiling fan that is running?
Answer: Input: electrical; Output: mechanical (motion) and sound. Electric motor spins the blades, creating air movement and motor noise.
Flashcard 23: Identify the energy input and output of a hair dryer blowing hot air.
Answer: Input: electrical; Output: thermal (heat) and mechanical (moving air). Electricity powers heating coils and a fan motor to blow warm air.
Flashcard 24: What is the energy input and output of a television that is on?
Answer: Input: electrical; Output: light and sound (and some heat). Electricity powers the screen's light and speakers while circuits generate waste heat.
Flashcard 25: Identify the energy input and output of a blender mixing a smoothie.
Answer: Input: electrical; Output: mechanical (motion) and sound. Electric motor spins blades to chop food, creating motion and noise.
Flashcard 26: What is the energy input and output of a speaker playing music?
Answer: Input: electrical; Output: sound. Electrical signals vibrate the speaker cone to produce sound waves.
Flashcard 27: Identify the energy input and output of a microwave heating food.
Answer: Input: electrical; Output: thermal (heat) in the food. Microwaves use electricity to generate waves that heat water molecules in food.
Flashcard 28: What is the energy input and output of an electric stove burner that is on?
Answer: Input: electrical; Output: thermal (heat) and some light. Electric current heats the coil until it glows red-hot.
Flashcard 29: What is the energy input and output of a car engine while driving?
Answer: Input: chemical (fuel); Output: mechanical (motion) and heat. Burning fuel releases chemical energy to move pistons and create waste heat.
Flashcard 30: Identify the energy input and output of a person pedaling a bicycle.
Answer: Input: chemical (food); Output: mechanical (motion) and heat. Food provides chemical energy for muscles to pedal and body heat.