All flashcards
Flashcard 1: What question should you ask to predict energy changes in a collision about surfaces?
Answer: What surfaces are involved (smooth, rough, soft, hard). Surface texture affects friction and energy conversion.
Flashcard 2: Which option best predicts more thermal energy in a collision: rough surfaces or smooth surfaces?
Answer: Rough surfaces (more friction, more thermal energy). Friction converts more kinetic energy to heat.
Flashcard 3: Identify the most likely energy output if a collision causes a visible dent in metal.
Answer: Kinetic energy changes into deformation and thermal energy. Permanent shape change absorbs kinetic energy.
Flashcard 4: Which option is most likely to lose more kinetic energy: a ball hitting a pillow or a ball hitting concrete?
Answer: A ball hitting a pillow (more energy changes to heat and deformation). Soft materials absorb energy through deformation.
Flashcard 5: Which collision likely produces more sound energy: a metal pan dropped on tile or on carpet?
Answer: On tile (hard surface produces a louder sound). Hard surfaces vibrate more, creating louder sounds.
Flashcard 6: Identify the best question to test if energy changed to sound: measure bounce height or measure loudness?
Answer: Measure loudness (sound level) before and after collisions. Sound meters detect energy converted to sound waves.
Flashcard 7: Choose the best question to test if kinetic energy became thermal energy: check temperature or check color?
Answer: Check temperature (look for heating after the collision). Temperature rise shows kinetic energy became heat.
Flashcard 8: Identify the collision type: a rubber ball hits the floor and rebounds.
Answer: Bouncy (more elastic) collision. Rubber stores and releases energy, maintaining motion.
Flashcard 9: Identify the collision type: two clay balls collide and stick together.
Answer: Non-bouncy (inelastic) collision. Clay deforms permanently, absorbing kinetic energy.
Flashcard 10: Which type of collision keeps more kinetic energy: a bouncy collision or a non-bouncy collision?
Answer: A bouncy collision keeps more kinetic energy. Elastic materials return more energy as motion after impact.
Flashcard 11: What is the main energy change when objects collide and feel warmer afterward?
Answer: Some kinetic energy changes into thermal energy. Friction during impact converts motion into heat energy.
Flashcard 12: What is the main energy change when two objects collide and make a loud noise?
Answer: Some kinetic energy changes into sound energy. Impact vibrations convert motion energy into sound waves.
Flashcard 13: Which option best describes energy transfer during a collision: created, destroyed, or transferred?
Answer: Transferred (energy changes form or moves between objects). Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed in form.
Flashcard 14: Which question best checks whether a collision transferred energy between objects?
Answer: Which object gained speed or started moving after the collision. Energy transfer causes motion changes in objects.
Flashcard 15: Which question best checks whether kinetic energy was lost from motion in a collision?
Answer: Did the objects move slower after the collision than before. Lost speed indicates energy converted to other forms.
Flashcard 16: Which question best checks whether energy was stored as potential energy in a collision?
Answer: Did anything compress or stretch and then spring back. Elastic materials store energy temporarily during impact.
Flashcard 17: Which question best checks whether friction affected the energy change during a collision?
Answer: Were the surfaces rough, producing more heat and slowing the objects. Rough surfaces increase energy loss to heat.
Flashcard 18: Identify the energy change: A moving cart hits a box and the box starts moving.
Answer: Kinetic energy transferred from the cart to the box. Moving objects share their motion energy on impact.
Flashcard 19: Identify the energy change: Two clay balls collide and stick together, moving slower.
Answer: Inelastic collision; kinetic energy changed to heat and deformation. Sticking together shows energy lost to non-motion forms.
Flashcard 20: Identify the energy change: A rubber ball hits the floor and bounces back up.
Answer: Kinetic energy changed to potential energy and then back to kinetic. Elastic materials convert between motion and stored energy.
Flashcard 21: Identify the energy change: A bumper car hits another and a loud sound is heard.
Answer: Some kinetic energy changed into sound energy. Impact vibrations create audible sound waves.
Flashcard 22: What is the most common sign that energy changed into sound during a collision?
Answer: A noise is produced at the moment of impact. Vibrations from the collision create sound waves.
Flashcard 23: Which energy forms are common when kinetic energy decreases during a collision?
Answer: Heat, sound, and energy used to change shape (deformation). Energy doesn't disappear, it transforms into these forms.
Flashcard 24: Which option is the best question to compare energy change in soft vs hard collisions?
Answer: How much did the objects change shape or bounce after impact. Soft materials absorb more energy through deformation.
Flashcard 25: What does it mean if a collision is inelastic in terms of kinetic energy?
Answer: Some kinetic energy changes into heat, sound, or deformation. Motion energy converts to other forms during impact.
Flashcard 26: What does it mean if a collision is elastic in terms of kinetic energy?
Answer: Total kinetic energy stays the same before and after the collision. No motion energy is lost to other forms.
Flashcard 27: What is potential energy in a collision context (stored energy due to position or shape)?
Answer: Potential energy is stored energy due to position, height, or deformation. Objects can store energy that's ready to be released.
Flashcard 28: What is kinetic energy in a collision context (energy of motion)?
Answer: Kinetic energy is the energy an object has because it is moving. Motion gives objects energy to do work or cause changes.
Flashcard 29: Which option is the best question to test whether a collision increased thermal energy?
Answer: Did the objects or contact area become warmer after the collision. Temperature rise shows kinetic energy became thermal.
Flashcard 30: Which option is the best question to test whether energy was conserved as kinetic energy?
Answer: Is total motion after the collision about the same as before. Equal motion before/after means elastic collision.