English Language Arts: Making Connections (TEKS.ELA.9-12.5.E)
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Texas High School ELA › English Language Arts: Making Connections (TEKS.ELA.9-12.5.E)
On the day the scholarship portal opened, the library hummed with the small, electric hope of futures not yet priced. I helped students upload essays while a new screening tool flashed green or gray beside their names. The director called it efficient; the students called it luck. I watched a welder's daughter, whose grammar staggered under overnight shifts, get a gray light before anyone read her story about learning to braze. Beside her, a debate captain earned green within seconds, credentials formatted like a promise. The machine measured "fit," the director said, like a good tailor. But measurements are history wearing tape: whom our town has cultivated, which schools taught polished confidence, which neighborhoods show leadership because they've been told they can. The algorithm did not sneer; it simply repeated patterns, tidy as a ledger. By closing time, hope felt sortable. I printed receipt numbers, thinking about what we call fair - whether speed can be neutral when the road is tilted. Outside, the parking lot lights hummed. A boy practiced thanking the committee in a mirror of glass, rehearsing a future he might never meet. Tomorrow, the tool would keep time. I wondered who had set the clock from the start.
Which connection best links the passage to broader intellectual or social contexts?
It reminds me of staying up late to finish homework, showing that hard work always pays off.
The passage echoes debates about disparate impact in civil rights law and how algorithmic screening can reproduce historical inequities embedded in data.
It shows that technology is always harmful and should be removed from schools entirely.
It vaguely relates to the idea that people are different and life is sometimes unfair.
Explanation
Option B connects the text's concerns about algorithmic screening to civil rights concepts like disparate impact, showing how tools can encode structural inequities. This broader context deepens understanding of the ethical and social stakes.
In our South Texas town, water has always been a verb - moving, diverted, promised. This summer, the river ran low enough to show the bones of an old ferry, and the irrigation board invited students to observe. I watched maps bloom with arrows: citrus groves, a new semiconductor plant, colonias with shallow wells that cough sand. The chair repeated the word allocation as if it were neutral, while a shrimping cousin texted photos of brackish canals and pale fish. An engineer explained efficiencies; a farmer said trees cannot vote. My grandmother whispered that our acequia ancestors carved turns with shovels and arguments; now the turns arrive as contracts in folders. We talk about jobs, scholarships, desalination, and the miracle of pipelines, yet every sentence returns to whose thirst counts first. Outside, heat kept its own ledger across roofs of tin and tile. I thought of fairness as not a scale but a calendar, asking who will drink today, tomorrow, next August. When the vote closed, applauded as balance, the river kept sliding, indifferent and diminished. On the drive home, sprinklers stitched the air over a dark field. I rolled down the window and tasted a hint of salt on my tongue.
Which connection most meaningfully links the passage to broader social or intellectual contexts?
It is like when my family argues about who does the dishes after dinner.
It shows that big companies are always evil and farmers are always good.
It vaguely reminds me that nature is important.
The dilemma reflects the tragedy of the commons and debates over prior appropriation vs. riparian rights, highlighting environmental justice questions common to water-scarce regions worldwide.
Explanation
Option D situates the passage within global frameworks of resource allocation, property regimes, and environmental justice, demonstrating a sophisticated connection between local Texas water policy and universal scarcity ethics.
When my father asked me to translate at the city meeting about bus routes, I wore my debate blazer like armor and packed two languages into my mouth. The officials spoke in brisk paragraphs about efficiencies and ridership; my father spoke in stories - missed shifts, a neighbor with a walker, summer heat that turns the walk to work into a dare. I did not move words so much as angles. I softened a council member's impatience to keep my father from folding in his chair; I tightened my father's anecdotes into data to keep the room from drifting. By the third agenda item, I realized my voice was not a bridge but a tollbooth, charging each side a small fee for crossing. Afterward, my father thanked me for dignity. I wondered which parts I had stolen from him in the exchange rate. The bus line would be cut, pending review. On the ride home, my throat felt crowded with unsaid phrases, like pigeons circling rafters. To translate, I learned, is to hold two truths still long enough to touch, and to admit the fingerprints are your own. Power speaks fluently; those between languages must teach it to listen with both hands.
Which connection best situates this passage within broader cultural or intellectual conversations?
It reminds me of helping my cousin order food at a restaurant one time.
It shows translators should always be perfectly literal, without considering context or audience.
It aligns with borderlands theory about negotiating identities across languages and the ethics of mediation in public decision-making, where voice and power are co-constructed.
People sometimes disagree at meetings, which happens everywhere.
Explanation
Option C connects the narrator's experience to sophisticated discussions of borderlands, linguistic identity, and the ethics of representation in civic spaces, extending the text to broader cultural theory and public discourse.
They issued new ID badges the week after the bathroom incident, lanyards with chips that blink when you pass a doorway. The principal said the system would shorten fire drills and find students in emergencies; the vendor said it would optimize learning time. My badge learned me quickly: the shuffle between chemistry and history, the extra minute at the library display of banned books, the way I walk the long loop to avoid the case that still holds our team's losing season. After a month, the hall monitors needed fewer words. We needed fewer, too. Friends texted less: the badge knows. Safety became a rumor we rehearsed until it felt like memory. In civics, we discussed rights. I wrote in the margins that a right you practice under observation becomes choreography, and choreography is still dancing but different. At lunch I tried to sit where the ceiling cameras don't reach; the map on the app painted me as a blur. The dean called my mother to celebrate my attendance. It is nice, she said, to be seen. I looked down at my blinking square and wondered whether being seen and being known were the same project on any ordinary day.
Which connection most thoughtfully links the passage to broader philosophical or social frameworks?
It invokes ideas like the panopticon and normalization, suggesting how surveillance can shape behavior, identity, and notions of consent in institutions.
It shows that technology is cool because it makes attendance easier for schools.
It proves the school hates students and wants to control every move no matter what.
Privacy is important to some people sometimes.
Explanation
Option A connects the narrative to theories of surveillance and social conditioning, showing how institutional watching can reshape behavior and selfhood. This broader lens deepens the passage's significance.
At home, my name is a song that starts in the back of the throat and lands soft as a prayer. At school, it is trimmed for speed, squared off like a locker door. I do the trimming myself. It feels practical, like folding a map so it fits into a pocket, until a teacher asks which version is "correct." The room tilts. I think of my grandmother rinsing cilantro in the sink, her bracelets chiming, of my father practicing job interviews in a mirror, rounding his vowels as if smoothing rough wood. We have always been careful with edges. On the city bus, I switch voices between stops the way the driver flips the destination sign. It is not deception, only fluency in the unwritten rules of survival. Yet I wonder what is lost in the edits: syllables that carried histories, spices boiled out for the sake of neutrality. When the roll call pauses at me, I choose the short name, then spend the period trying to hear the longer one through the hum of fluorescent lights. I write both in the margin, watching the ink merge, and imagine a future where no entrance requires leaving a letter behind.
Which connection best links the passage to broader sophisticated ideas or social contexts?
This reminds me of hearing different languages on TV shows, which can be confusing sometimes.
The narrator's bus ride shows public transportation is unreliable and stressful for students.
The passage engages sociolinguistic code-switching and naming practices as cultural capital, highlighting how power structures shape identity and belonging in institutional spaces.
It shows that names are important to families everywhere.
Explanation
A sophisticated connection links the narrator's shifting name and voice to sociolinguistic code-switching, cultural capital, and institutional power, rather than making superficial or vague observations.
By late summer, the river through our town slims to a ribbon, its bed showing ribs of limestone. The city posts watering restrictions; ranchers haul tanks; a petrochemical plant upriver hums like an air conditioner that never shuts off. At a council meeting, a historian reminds us that canals once braided this valley, dug by hands that measured water in community and season. Today, allocation is paperwork and leverage: senior rights stamped decades ago, emergency permits fast-tracked, neighborhoods fined for sprinklers. My neighbor says drought is weather, not politics. But the maps do not care about our categories. When the aquifer drops, wells cough sand, and the poorest streets feel the pinch first—faucets sputtering, parks yellowing into no-man's-land. Someone proposes buying water from farmers three counties over; someone else proposes suing the river authority. We speak in acronyms and case law while the creek bed turns to powder under our shoes. I carry home a low-flow showerhead and a packet of native seeds, small offerings to a thirsty century. In the quiet kitchen, I wonder what a just thirst would look like: whose need is urgent, whose profit is negotiable, whose past is counted when we divide a living thing.
Which connection best links the passage to broader sophisticated ideas or social contexts?
The passage connects to environmental justice and water governance, questioning how prior rights, industrial demand, and community need intersect under drought and climate stress.
It shows that people should always turn off their sprinklers because wasting water is bad.
The main point is that maps determine politics, so we should trust maps more than people.
It reminds me of hot summers when grass turns yellow.
Explanation
A sophisticated connection situates the scene within environmental justice and resource governance, recognizing historical rights, industrial pressures, and equity concerns beyond personal habits or simplistic claims.
The company promised the algorithm would remove human bias, the way a level promises to find truth in a crooked wall. We fed it résumés, performance reviews, graduation dates, gap years, zip codes—the neutral facts of a life. It learned quickly, which was part of the problem. It learned our shortcuts and called them objective. Within months, the shortlist began to look familiar: certain schools, certain neighborhoods, certain kinds of confidence. When an applicant asked for reasons, the screen returned a bar graph with no language, as if fairness were a color we could measure. In meetings, we argued about false positives and throughput, about compliance and latency, as if speed could absolve us. What does it mean to optimize when the past is data and the data is compromised? A colleague suggested adding noise, like static, to blur the old patterns. Another proposed starting over with different labels: mentor, caregiver, community-builder—work that resists easy quantification. Meanwhile, the quarterly report applauded efficiency gains. The model was accurate, the slide deck said, which is to say it was consistent with history. Watching the bars climb, I felt the room tilt—vertigo: the instrument is precise, and it is measuring the wrong thing.
Which connection best links the passage to broader sophisticated ideas or social contexts?
The passage proves that graphs are always misleading and should never be used in hiring.
It connects to my experience waiting for a slow computer; speed is important in technology.
The message is that adding more data automatically fixes bias if you try hard enough.
It situates algorithmic decision-making within debates about systemic bias, historical data as encoded power, and the ethics of transparency and accountability in AI.
Explanation
A sophisticated connection recognizes the text's critique of algorithmic fairness, locating it within larger ethical debates about historical bias, opacity, and accountability rather than simplistic takes about speed or data volume.
The wind arrived before the turbines did. It taught us to anchor trampolines, to lean into dust, to speak in pauses between gusts. Then the white towers came on lowboy trailers, blades like whale bones turning down Main Street. Lease checks followed, and so did arguments. At the diner, folks called them pinwheels, skyline scars, college money, a second harvest. On Sundays, the prayer list included a cousin hired as a technician and a neighbor worried about shadow flicker over her kitchen sink. Out here, oil built the school gym and the band uniforms, but it also left pump jacks like commas in pastures where sentences never finished. The wind company held a meeting in the VFW hall with cookies and diagrams, and the ranchers asked about roads, erosion, birds, the view from a grandmother's porch. Some nights, the blinking red lights pulse like a metronome over the mesquite, and I think of time signatures: boom and bust, summer and winter, steadiness learned late. We live in a place that exports motion—cattle, crude, now electrons—and keeps the stillness for itself. A question hangs over the town like dust above a caliche road: what do we owe land that pays bills.
Which connection best links the passage to broader sophisticated ideas or social contexts?
The passage suggests wind turbines are ugly, so towns should ban them to protect views.
It links local debates over wind energy in West Texas to the broader idea of a just energy transition, balancing rural economies, cultural landscapes, and environmental responsibility.
It reminds me that windy days can be annoying, especially during outdoor sports.
The point is that technology always improves life in small towns without trade-offs.
Explanation
A sophisticated connection recognizes the passage's exploration of a just energy transition, integrating economic, cultural, and environmental dimensions rather than reducing the issue to aesthetics or inevitability.
During a late night scroll, Maya noticed how the feed seemed to know her better than her friends did. Advertisements arrived like finishing sentences. Videos changed mood when her thumb hesitated. She told herself she was choosing, yet the choices had been arranged like seats at a table where the host had already decided who would talk. The convenience thrilled her and also felt like a quiet theft. What did it mean to have desires predicted, refined, and returned? In history class, she had learned that maps are never neutral; they guide feet and dreams. The feed, she realized, was a map of attention, drawn by people she could not name. Her father once kept a paper journal locked in a drawer. Maya's diary lived in servers humming somewhere cold. She could delete a post, but could she delete the echo of her gaze? When she set the phone down, the room seemed heavier, as if gravity had been negotiated. Outside, a train passed, insisting on its track. Inside, she considered whether freedom was the ability to move, or the ability to understand who laid the rails. She wondered what it costs to steer yourself under constant, invisible signals alone.
Which connection best links the passage to broader intellectual, cultural, or social contexts?
It reminds me of times I stayed up too late on my phone.
The passage critiques algorithmic choice architecture and the surveillance economy, echoing debates about autonomy when platforms predict and shape attention.
Technology is bad and the author says we should ban social media.
People used to keep paper journals, which shows old technology was better.
Explanation
Choice B connects the passage's themes to broader debates about surveillance capitalism, choice architecture, and autonomy. The other options are superficial, vague, or misinterpret the text's nuanced argument.
In a town where the wind never learned to whisper, the well behind the school dropped another inch. The science teacher taped a fresh line on the post, a quiet calendar of recession. People spoke of drought as if it were a visitor with poor manners, staying too long. Yet the buses still ran, cotton still thirsted, and new rigs still drilled, each decision drawing unseen lines beneath the soil. In Texas, water under land tended to belong to those above it, and the rule felt both simple and impossible. The rancher who waved at pickup trucks was also the neighbor whose pumps never slept. At a council meeting, a teenager asked who owned the future water, the kind that had not yet fallen. Nobody laughed. The mayor held up a jar the color of weak tea. He said sacrifice without a story turns sour. If we conserve, whose story are we telling: the farmers, the town, the refinery on the edge of the map? When a thunderhead finally piled over the horizon, everyone stepped outside to watch, not praying for a miracle so much as for a fair accounting of what the sky still owed. By morning, tape sagged.
Which connection best links the passage to broader intellectual, cultural, or social contexts?
It shows droughts are sad because the well is low.
This is about being thirsty after sports practice.
The town clearly wants to end all drilling immediately.
The passage invites connections to the Texas rule of capture, the tragedy of the commons, and environmental justice questions about how private rights and public scarcity are balanced.
Explanation
Choice D connects the text to Texas water law, commons dilemmas, and environmental justice—broader contexts that deepen the passage's significance. The other choices are superficial or misinterpret the argument.