Comprehension Skills: Creating Mental Images for Comprehension (TEKS.ELA.7.5.D)
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Texas 7th Grade ELA › Comprehension Skills: Creating Mental Images for Comprehension (TEKS.ELA.7.5.D)
Wind combed the tall grass until it lay in rippling stripes, like a cat's fur brushed the wrong way. The sky lowered, bruised purple at the edges, and a damp smell rose from the earth, cool and metallic. Crickets scraped a warning; the pond went still, holding its breath. I pulled my jacket close and tested the air with my tongue, tasting rain and something sharp, like pennies. A first fat drop struck my cheek, warm as a fingertip, and then another, quicker, insistent. Lightning flashed, bleaching the oaks into bones, and my shadow leaped toward the fence. I wasn't scared exactly, just aware—of distances shrinking, of the path home thinning to a pale ribbon. Somewhere, a screen door banged. I pictured the porch light waiting, a sun I could fit in my pocket if the dark asked for payment.
Which mental image best helps a reader understand both the stormy atmosphere and the narrator's cautious determination?
Close-up of tall grass flattened by wind beneath a dark sky.
A bright noon picnic with blue sky and playful shadows.
A storm-dark field where a porch light glows like a pocket-sized sun guiding the narrator along the thinning path home, showing alert hope.
Someone walking through weather toward a building.
Explanation
Choice C blends literal details (storm-dark field, porch light, thinning path) with deeper meaning (the light as hope and guidance), showing how imagery reveals mood and resolve. The others are literal-only, contradictory, or too general.
The arena dirt was cinnamon powder, sweet-smelling when the wind kicked it up, stinging when it found my eyes. The announcer's voice rattled the tin roof; somewhere, spurs chimed like coins in a jar. My mare trembled under me, not with fear but with the tight buzz before a race. We waited at the gate, watching the three blue barrels shine like moons. When it opened, we slid forward, hooves drumming, rope of reins warm in my hands. We folded around the first barrel so close I felt its cold breath, then sprinted, my braid thumping my back like a metronome. Cheers rose, but I heard the mare's breathing, the quick in-out of trust. We cleared the last turn and I leaned, tasting salt and dirt, seeing the clock not as numbers but as a door, and I wanted through.
Which mental image best helps a reader understand the rider's emotional state during the Texas rodeo run?
Rider and mare slicing around shining barrels, dust rising, the finish clock imagined as an open door they're determined to race through together.
A lineup of empty barrels under bright lights.
A nervous horse balking at the gate while rain soaks the arena.
Athletes trying hard to win a competition.
Explanation
Choice A combines literal action (tight turn, dust, shiny barrels) with symbolic meaning (the clock as a door), revealing focus, urgency, and trust between rider and horse.
The bus shelter smelled like wet rubber and old newspapers. Drops stitched slanted lines across the glass, and each passing car smeared a ribbon of light that broke apart on the puddles. I sat on the plastic bench, palms pressed flat, replaying what I'd said, and what I hadn't, the words clattering like pens spilled on tile. My phone lay face down beside me, humming once, then quiet. A moth beat itself against the shelter's bulb, soft wings tapping, tapping, as if asking admission. I thought of the way my friend's mouth tightened, a door gently closing. Across the street, a bakery stacked loaves in the window, steam fogging the panes until even the crusts looked soft. The bus arrived with a sigh. I didn't stand. I watched it kneel slowly and rise, like breathing, and counted three missed chances.
Which mental image best helps a reader understand the narrator's regret and hesitation?
A bench and a glass wall with raindrops.
A sunny afternoon with crowded buses and laughter.
Someone feeling sad after an argument.
A rainy shelter where a moth taps the bulb and a bus kneels and rises like breathing while the phone lies facedown, showing hesitation and missed chances.
Explanation
Choice D blends literal details (moth at the bulb, rain, bus kneeling, phone facedown) with symbolic meaning (seeking admission, breathing rhythm, missed chances), clarifying the narrator's emotional state.
By late afternoon, the heat hung over the West Texas parking lot like a sheet, wavy and stubborn. Asphalt breathed tar; the metal cart handles bit my palms. Then the wind shifted, flicking my hair north, and the air changed taste—from baked pennies to crushed ice. Over the store roof, a dark blue wall rolled in, neat as a folded blanket being snapped open. People paused mid-step, carts nudging their heels, as if the sky had spoken their names. The first push of the front hit, and the temperature fell fast enough to make my arms pebble. Tumbleweeds ticked along the curb. Somewhere a flag made a sound like tearing paper. I lifted my face and felt cold tuck into the heat like a new idea, and I thought of wide doors, not closing, but swinging, letting everything breathe again.
Which mental image best helps a reader understand both the sudden weather shift and its symbolic meaning?
A humid night growing warmer as cicadas sing.
A West Texas lot as a dark blue wall of cold air snaps open like a blanket; flags tear the air and doors swing wide, symbolizing release.
Tumbleweeds rolling beside parked cars.
A change in weather over a town.
Explanation
Choice B captures literal cues (dark blue wall, flag snapping, temperature drop) and the symbolic idea of doors swinging open, which suggests relief and renewal.
Under the bright arena lights, dust blooms with every stomp, turning the night into a golden haze. The bronc explodes from the chute, hide shining like wet copper, breath puffing white in the cool air. Leather creaks, a rope hums, and the rider's hat tilts as his free hand carves frantic circles. The crowd's cheer rises, fierce and warm, like a fire in winter. I taste grit on my tongue and smell hay, sweat, and sweet kettle corn. Seconds stretch thin, trembling like wire. I see the rider's jaw clenched, eyes narrowed, not in anger, but in a stubborn hope that refuses to blink. When the bell clangs, the arena seems to exhale. The rider lands hard, knees shaking, then lifts his hat to the stands, a small, grateful bow stitched with pride. Somewhere, a calf bawls into the dark.
Which mental image would best help a reader understand the rider's emotional state during and after the ride?
A slow-motion close-up of dust swirling under bright lights and the rope sliding across the saddle horn.
The rider storms off, slamming his hat and shouting angrily at the judge while the crowd boos.
The rider holding on with a clenched jaw and narrowed eyes, dust haloing him like a small flame, then landing and lifting his hat in a humble, proud bow.
A person riding an animal in front of people.
Explanation
Choice C blends literal details (clenched jaw, narrowed eyes, lifted hat) with deeper meaning (dust like a small flame symbolizing stubborn hope), showing how mental images reveal both what happens and how the rider feels.
By late afternoon the sky turns the color of bruised plums, and the wind runs its fingers through the mesquite like a restless pianist. The porch swing moans, chains twitching. Dust skitters along the road, tiny tan ghosts. Somewhere a screen door snaps, then slams. I smell rain before it arrives, sharp and metal, a promise carried on cool breath. Heat that sat heavy all day lifts, and the chimes tinkle once, twice, then still. Lightning shivers across the clouds, a bone-white stitch. My grandmother gathers the wash in tight hugs, eyes crinkling, whispering that a blue norther can teach you to listen. When the first fat drops land, they burst like seeds, dotting the steps. Thunder rolls a slow drumbeat that settles in my ribs. The dog curls under the table, and the house waits, brave and small. tonight.
Which mental image would best help a reader understand the storm's atmosphere and the symbolic idea of learning to listen?
A small house under bruised purple clouds stitched by lightning, porch chimes stilled, grandmother clutching laundry, everyone quiet as the storm teaches them to listen.
Sheets of rain blasting in blazing heat, bright sun breaking through while the chimes ring wildly and dust settles into mud puddles.
A close-up of one raindrop splashing on a step.
A weather scene.
Explanation
Choice A connects concrete details (bruised sky, still chimes, grandmother with laundry) with the symbolic idea of the storm as a teacher, deepening understanding of the mood and meaning.
Backstage smells like rosin and dust, a dry sweetness that clings to my throat. The stage beyond the curtain glows, a rectangle of warm light where footsteps sound bigger than they are. My bow hand trembles, a skittering insect I cannot pin. Someone coughs, then the hush returns, thick as felt. I press the violin to my collarbone and feel its quiet heartbeat against mine. My name will be called next. A memory loosens inside me: evenings on the porch, notes drifting with fireflies, my grandfather tapping time with his boot and smiling with his whole face. I breathe in, slow and careful, gathering the scattered birds of my thoughts. When the curtain parts, the audience becomes a blur of dark water. I step forward anyway, not to win, but to say what the music has been saying to me.
Which mental image would best help a reader understand the narrator's shift from fear to purpose before performing?
The bow shaking in a sweaty hand under a bright light.
The performer throws the violin down and storms off stage in frustration.
Someone playing music on a stage.
Scattered birds settling onto a quiet branch as the performer breathes, then stepping into warm light to speak through music rather than to win.
Explanation
Choice D maps literal details (trembling, warm light) to symbolic images (scattered birds settling), revealing the inward change from nerves to purposeful expression.
At dusk the meadow softens, and the last heat slips from the grass like a held breath let go. Crickets scratch a patient rhythm. The air smells green and a little earthy, like rain that changed its mind. Then the butterflies arrive, more than I can count, orange and black sparks drifting from the cottonwoods. They do not rush. They lift and settle, lift and settle, as if testing the invisible stairways they alone can see. One lands on my sleeve, light as dust, opening and closing its paper thin wings. I stand still, afraid to break the spell. The sky deepens to purple ink, and the first star winks awake. I feel the day's worries loosen like knotted shoelaces. The butterflies rise together, flowing south, a glowing river that seems to remember the way for us all tonight too.
Which mental image would best help a reader understand the symbolic meaning of the butterflies remembering the way and the calming effect on the narrator?
A giant, noisy swarm racing across the sky like a storm, knocking leaves loose.
A slow, glowing river of butterflies lifting and settling from cottonwoods, one resting on a sleeve, guiding worries to loosen as they drift south.
Counting many orange shapes in a field.
A scene outdoors at sunset.
Explanation
Choice B pairs concrete images (cottonwoods, one butterfly on a sleeve, slow drifting south) with the symbolic idea of guidance and calm, showing how the scene carries deeper meaning.