Evidence in Tables & Graphs - SAT Reading & Writing

In my view. Signals the author's personal perspective or viewpoint.

A pie chart. Shows proportional relationships within a total.

The middle value when data is ordered. Half the values are above and half below this point.

The $y$-axis. The vertical axis shows the outcome being measured.

A strong correlation. Points near a line indicate variables change together predictably.

Examine the axis labels and scale. Understanding units and intervals ensures accurate interpretation.

A line graph. Shows continuous change and patterns across time periods.

The rate of change between variables. Shows how much one variable changes per unit of another.

However. Shows opposition or difference between two ideas or statements.

As a result. Connects an outcome directly to its preceding cause.

To support or substantiate a claim or argument. Evidence strengthens your position by providing proof.

Range = 30. Difference between highest and lowest values $(40-10=30)$.

Slope = 2. Coefficient of $x$ represents rate of change.

Cumulative frequency graph. Shows running totals as data accumulates.

Independent variable. The variable that is controlled or manipulated.

Line graph. Connects data points to show trends over intervals.

Mean = 10. Sum of values $(5+8+12+15=40)$ divided by count $(40÷4=10)$.

Identify the most frequent value. Mode is the value that appears most often.

Bar chart. Easily compares discrete categories side by side.

Outlier = 100. Value significantly different from the rest of the data.

Show frequency distribution. Bars display how often values occur in ranges.

Y-intercept = 7. Constant term where line crosses the y-axis.

Read the title and axis labels. Establishes context and understanding before analyzing data.

Relationship between two variables. Points plotted to reveal patterns or correlations.

Source and units. Verifies data origin and measurement standards.

Consistent scales and units. Enables meaningful comparison across different data sets.

Pie chart. Circular format naturally displays parts of a whole.

Median = 11. Middle value when data is arranged in order.

For example, ... Common transition phrase introducing supporting examples.

Quantitative evidence. Numbers and data provide measurable proof.

Authoritative evidence. References an expert source for credibility.

Anecdotal evidence. Personal stories provide relatable, human examples.

An argument opposing the main claim. Presents an alternative viewpoint to consider.

Statistical evidence. Uses numerical data to support the recommendation.

Contradictory evidence. Evidence that goes against or undermines the main point.

To assess its effectiveness in supporting the argument. Evaluate how well evidence backs up the main claim.

Primary source evidence. Original documents provide the most authentic evidence.

Anecdotal evidence. Personal experience provides individual perspective.

Overgeneralization. Makes sweeping claims without sufficient support.

Supports the argument with empirical data. Data provides measurable proof for the claim.

Studies show regular exercise releases endorphins. Scientific research directly supports the mood claim.

Provides precise support from the original source. Exact words preserve the author's original meaning.

Increases the argument's credibility and persuasiveness. Diverse evidence types strengthen overall persuasion.

Identify the relevant evidence that supports your claim. Choose evidence that directly connects to your point.

To support claims or arguments with concrete details. Evidence transforms opinions into convincing arguments.

Authoritative evidence. Experts lend credibility through specialized knowledge.

Is the evidence relevant and reliable. Quality evidence must connect to the claim and be trustworthy.