Explain Energy Transfer Through Interactions - Physics

$W=Fd$. Force and displacement must be parallel.

Energy transfer by a force acting through a displacement. Force must move object to transfer energy.

Gravitational potential energy transfers to kinetic energy. Height decreases while speed increases, conserving total energy.

Total energy stays constant; energy only changes form within the system. Energy cannot be created or destroyed in isolated systems.

Heating transfers energy from mug to hand. Temperature difference drives thermal energy flow.

Work done by friction transfers energy to thermal energy. Friction does negative work, converting kinetic to thermal energy.

$E_e=\frac{1}{2}kx^2$. Energy stored is proportional to displacement squared.

Energy stored due to elastic deformation. Springs store energy when compressed or stretched.

$\Delta E_g=mg\Delta h$. Change in height determines potential energy change.

Energy stored due to position in a gravitational field. Higher position stores more gravitational energy.

$E_k=\frac{1}{2}mv^2$. Kinetic energy is proportional to mass and speed squared.

Energy of motion. Depends on mass and speed of the object.

Energy transfer due to a temperature difference. Heat flows from hot to cold spontaneously.

Rate of energy transfer per time. Measured in watts (W) or joules per second.

Negative work, $W<0$. Force opposes motion, removing energy from system.

Energy moving from one system to another due to forces or heating. Forces do work or temperature differences cause heating.

The object or group of objects chosen for study. Defines the boundary for energy accounting.

Everything outside the chosen system that can interact with it. Includes all matter and fields not in the system.

$W=Fd\cos\theta$. Accounts for force component along displacement.

Negative work. Force opposes motion, removing energy from the system.

Radiation. Electromagnetic waves carry energy without a medium.

Work. Applied force causes displacement, transferring energy.

Energy transfer by electromagnetic waves. No medium needed; travels at speed of light.

$W = Fd\cos\theta$. Accounts for angle between force and displacement vectors.

Energy transferred per unit time. Measures how quickly energy is transferred or transformed.

$K = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$. Half mass times velocity squared gives kinetic energy.

Energy due to height in a gravitational field. Objects gain energy when lifted against gravity.

Energy stored due to elastic deformation. Springs store energy when compressed or stretched.

$U_s = \frac{1}{2}kx^2$. Half spring constant times displacement squared.