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Philosophy · Lessons

Philosophy lessons

8 sections · 80 skills · work through the full outline skill by skill — read the long-form lesson or flip through the slide-style version.
Long-form lessonsSlide-style lessons

Philosophy

Practice 80 skills across this outline.

Recommended next
Identifying Philosophical Questions
Philosophical Method & Argumentation · Philosophical Questions & Concepts
Long-form lesson
Weighting distribution
20 categories
Logic & Critical Thinking · Basic Formal Logic
7%
Political Philosophy · Justice, Rights & Equality
7%
Philosophy of Religion · Arguments About God
7%
Philosophical Method & Argumentation · Philosophical Questions & Concepts
6%
Philosophical Method & Argumentation · Argument Reconstruction & Evaluation
6%
Logic & Critical Thinking · Informal Logic & Fallacies
6%

Skills

The comprehensive taxonomy of philosophy — drill into a card to work its skills.

Philosophical Method & Argumentation · Philosophical Questions & Concepts

5 core skills6% total weight
0/5 completed
5 skills to mastery
1
Identifying Philosophical QuestionsRecommended
Long-form
2
Conceptual AnalysisAvailable
Long-form
3
Definitions, Facts & ValuesAvailable
Long-form
4
Key Philosophical TermsAvailable
Long-form
5
Charitable InterpretationAvailable
Long-form

Philosophical Method & Argumentation · Argument Reconstruction & Evaluation

5 core skills6% total weight
0/5 completed
5 skills to mastery
1
Revising ArgumentsAvailable
Long-form
2
Reconstructing ArgumentsAvailable
Long-form
3
Identifying Hidden AssumptionsAvailable
Long-form
4
Writing Philosophical ArgumentsAvailable
Long-form
5
Evaluating Validity & PlausibilityAvailable
Long-form

Logic & Critical Thinking · Informal Logic & Fallacies

5 core skills6% total weight
0/5 completed
5 skills to mastery
1
Inductive ReasoningAvailable
Long-form
2
Informal FallaciesAvailable
Long-form
3
Evaluating AnalogiesAvailable
Long-form
4
Rhetoric vs. ReasoningAvailable
Long-form
5
Correlation vs. CausationAvailable
Long-form

Logic & Critical Thinking · Basic Formal Logic

5 core skills7% total weight
0/5 completed
5 skills to mastery
1
Necessary vs. Sufficient ConditionsAvailable
Long-form
2
Ambiguity & EquivocationAvailable
Long-form
3
Modus Ponens & Modus TollensAvailable
Long-form
4
Basic Logical FormAvailable
Long-form
5
Validity vs. SoundnessAvailable
Long-form

Epistemology (Knowledge) · Perception, Testimony & Sources of Knowledge

5 core skills6% total weight
0/5 completed
5 skills to mastery
1
Perception & Epistemic HumilityAvailable
Long-form
2
Testimony as Knowledge SourceAvailable
Long-form
3
Misinformation & Epistemic NormsAvailable
Long-form
4
Peer DisagreementAvailable
Long-form
5
A Priori vs. A PosterioriAvailable
Long-form

Epistemology (Knowledge) · Knowledge, Justification & Skepticism

5 core skills6% total weight
0/5 completed
5 skills to mastery
1
Responses to SkepticismAvailable
Long-form
2
Knowledge, Belief & OpinionAvailable
Long-form
3
Theories of JustificationAvailable
Long-form
4
Skeptical ArgumentsAvailable
Long-form
5
Justification AnalysisAvailable
Long-form

Metaphysics (Reality & Mind) · Personal Identity & Self

3 core skills4% total weight
0/3 completed
3 skills to mastery
1
Personal Identity TheoriesAvailable
Long-form
2
Survival & Identity Over TimeAvailable
Long-form
3
Identity Thought ExperimentsAvailable
Long-form

Metaphysics (Reality & Mind) · Free Will, Determinism & Responsibility

3 core skills4% total weight
0/3 completed
3 skills to mastery
1
Responsibility & AgencyAvailable
Long-form
2
Free Will PositionsAvailable
Long-form
3
Free Will & Moral ResponsibilityAvailable
Long-form

Metaphysics (Reality & Mind) · Mind, Consciousness & Personhood

4 core skills5% total weight
0/4 completed
4 skills to mastery
1
Personhood CriteriaAvailable
Long-form
2
Problem of Other MindsAvailable
Long-form
3
Consciousness Thought ExperimentsAvailable
Long-form
4
Theories of MindAvailable
Long-form

Ethics (Moral Philosophy) · Normative Ethics

5 core skills5% total weight
0/5 completed
5 skills to mastery
1
Applying Ethical TheoriesAvailable
Long-form
2
Act vs. Rule UtilitarianismAvailable
Long-form
3
Categorical ImperativeAvailable
Long-form
4
Major Ethical TheoriesAvailable
Long-form
5
Virtue EthicsAvailable
Long-form

Ethics (Moral Philosophy) · Metaethics & Moral Reasoning

3 core skills3% total weight
0/3 completed
3 skills to mastery
1
Moral Realism vs. Anti-RealismAvailable
Long-form
2
Moral DisagreementAvailable
Long-form
3
Constructing Moral ArgumentsAvailable
Long-form

Ethics (Moral Philosophy) · Ethics of Rights, Harm & Justice

4 core skills4% total weight
0/4 completed
4 skills to mastery
1
Rights-Based ReasoningAvailable
Long-form
2
Liberty vs. Collective WelfareAvailable
Long-form
3
Harm PrincipleAvailable
Long-form
4
Distributive JusticeAvailable
Long-form

Political Philosophy · Authority, State & Obligation

5 core skills5% total weight
0/5 completed
5 skills to mastery
1
Civil DisobedienceAvailable
Long-form
2
Authority vs. PowerAvailable
Long-form
3
Political LegitimacyAvailable
Long-form
4
Social Contract TheoryAvailable
Long-form
5
Political ObligationAvailable
Long-form

Political Philosophy · Justice, Rights & Equality

5 core skills7% total weight
0/5 completed
5 skills to mastery
1
Property Rights & RedistributionAvailable
Long-form
2
Equality of Opportunity vs. OutcomeAvailable
Long-form
3
Rawls's Original PositionAvailable
Long-form
4
Theories of JusticeAvailable
Long-form
5
Applying Political PhilosophyAvailable
Long-form

Philosophy of Religion · Arguments About God

4 core skills7% total weight
0/4 completed
4 skills to mastery
1
Arguments for God's ExistenceAvailable
Long-form
2
Critiques of Theistic ArgumentsAvailable
Long-form
3
Responses to Problem of EvilAvailable
Long-form
4
Problem of EvilAvailable
Long-form

Philosophy of Religion · Faith, Reason & Religious Experience

2 core skills6% total weight
0/2 completed
2 skills to mastery
1
Faith, Evidence & PragmatismAvailable
Long-form
2
Religious Experience ArgumentsAvailable
Long-form

Applied Philosophy & Contemporary Issues · Bioethics & Personhood

3 core skills3% total weight
0/3 completed
3 skills to mastery
1
Abortion & PersonhoodAvailable
Long-form
3
End-of-Life EthicsAvailable
Long-form

Applied Philosophy & Contemporary Issues · Technology, AI & Information Ethics

3 core skills2% total weight
0/3 completed
3 skills to mastery
1
Digital Privacy EthicsAvailable
Long-form
2
Misinformation & Free SpeechAvailable
Long-form
3
Algorithmic Bias & FairnessAvailable
Long-form

Applied Philosophy & Contemporary Issues · Environment & Global Justice

3 core skills4% total weight
0/3 completed
3 skills to mastery
1
Climate Change EthicsAvailable
Long-form
2
Obligations to Future GenerationsAvailable
Long-form
3
Environmental Ethics PerspectivesAvailable
Long-form

Applied Philosophy & Contemporary Issues · Everyday Ethics & Character

3 core skills4% total weight
0/3 completed
3 skills to mastery
1
Everyday Ethics ApplicationsAvailable
Long-form
2
Honesty, Promises & TrustAvailable
Long-form
3
Applied Ethics Position PapersAvailable
Long-form