Nclexrn Flashcards: Standard And Transmission Based Precautions

What this deck covers

This deck focuses on Standard And Transmission Based Precautions, giving you a quick way to review the definitions, rules, and examples that matter most for Nclexrn.

How to use these flashcards

Work through these flashcards in short sessions. Try to answer each prompt before flipping the card, then revisit any cards you miss until the explanation feels automatic.

Flashcard 1: Which transmission-based precaution is required for pulmonary tuberculosis?

Answer: Airborne precautions. Airborne precautions isolate pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis that remain suspended in air and can be inhaled over distances.

Flashcard 2: What is the core principle of Standard Precautions regarding blood and body fluids?

Answer: Treat all blood and body fluids as potentially infectious. Standard Precautions assume universal risk to minimize exposure to bloodborne pathogens and reduce infection transmission in healthcare settings.

Flashcard 3: Which PPE is required upon room entry for Droplet Precautions?

Answer: Surgical mask. Surgical masks filter large droplets, protecting healthcare workers from pathogens transmitted via close contact respiratory emissions.

Flashcard 4: What is the correct handling of used needles under Standard Precautions?

Answer: Do not recap; dispose immediately in sharps container. Avoiding recapping prevents accidental needlesticks, and sharps containers ensure safe disposal, minimizing injury risks in healthcare settings.

Flashcard 5: Which transmission-based precaution is required for influenza infection?

Answer: Droplet precautions. Droplet precautions contain large respiratory particles that travel short distances, as seen with influenza viruses.

Flashcard 6: Which transmission-based precaution is required for varicella (chickenpox)?

Answer: Airborne plus Contact precautions. Varicella spreads via both airborne respiratory droplets and direct contact with lesions, necessitating combined precautions.

Flashcard 7: What is the minimum PPE required for contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials?

Answer: Gloves. Gloves create a barrier against direct contact with infectious materials, preventing pathogen entry through skin breaks or mucous membranes.

Flashcard 8: Which transmission-based precaution is required for MRSA wound infection with drainage?

Answer: Contact precautions. Contact precautions prevent direct or indirect transmission of resistant organisms like MRSA through contaminated surfaces or hands.

Flashcard 9: Which method is required for hand hygiene when hands are visibly soiled?

Answer: Soap and water. Soap and water mechanically remove dirt, organic material, and microbes, including those resistant to alcohol, ensuring thorough decontamination of soiled hands.

Flashcard 10: What is the correct action if a needle-stick injury occurs during patient care?

Answer: Wash/flush, report immediately, and follow exposure protocol. Immediate washing removes contaminants, while reporting enables prompt medical evaluation and potential post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent infection.

Flashcard 11: Which PPE is indicated when splashes or sprays to the face are anticipated?

Answer: Mask plus eye protection (goggles or face shield). Masks and eye protection shield mucous membranes from splashes, preventing pathogen entry via eyes, nose, or mouth during procedures generating aerosols.

Flashcard 12: Identify the correct patient transport measure for Droplet Precautions.

Answer: Place a surgical mask on the patient during transport. Masking the patient contains large droplets at the source, reducing environmental contamination during necessary movement outside isolation.

Flashcard 13: Identify the correct patient transport measure for Airborne Precautions.

Answer: Place a surgical mask on the patient during transport. A surgical mask on the patient captures respiratory particles, minimizing airborne dissemination during transport while staff use respirators.

Flashcard 14: Which method is preferred for routine hand hygiene when hands are not visibly soiled?

Answer: Alcohol-based hand rub. Alcohol-based rubs efficiently kill most transient microbes on non-soiled hands, providing rapid antimicrobial action suitable for routine use in clinical environments.

Flashcard 15: Which body substance is NOT included in Standard Precautions unless visibly bloody?

Answer: Sweat. Standard Precautions exclude sweat from universal application because it poses minimal infectious risk unless contaminated with visible blood.

Flashcard 16: What is the single most effective action to prevent transmission in health care settings?

Answer: Hand hygiene. Effective hand hygiene disrupts the chain of infection by removing transient microorganisms that facilitate pathogen transmission between patients and healthcare workers.

Flashcard 17: What is Respiratory Hygiene/Cough Etiquette intended to prevent?

Answer: Spread of respiratory pathogens from coughing/sneezing. Cough etiquette contains respiratory secretions at the source, limiting airborne dissemination of pathogens in shared healthcare environments.

Flashcard 18: Which PPE is indicated when clothing may be exposed to blood or body fluids?

Answer: Gown. Gowns protect skin and clothing from contamination, reducing the risk of transferring pathogens from the work environment to personal attire.

Flashcard 19: Which hand hygiene method is required after caring for a patient with C. difficile?

Answer: Soap and water. Soap and water physically remove C. difficile spores, which are resistant to alcohol-based sanitizers, ensuring effective hand decontamination.

Flashcard 20: What is the correct sequence for donning PPE?

Answer: Gown, mask/respirator, goggles/face shield, gloves. This sequence minimizes contamination by covering the body first and ending with hand protection, ensuring comprehensive barrier establishment.

Flashcard 21: Which transmission-based precaution is required for Clostridioides difficile infection?

Answer: Contact precautions. Contact precautions limit transmission of spore-forming bacteria like C. difficile through contaminated hands or environmental surfaces.

Flashcard 22: What is the correct sequence for doffing PPE to reduce self-contamination?

Answer: Gloves, goggles/face shield, gown, mask/respirator. This order reduces self-contamination by removing the most contaminated items first and progressing inward, preserving clean areas.

Flashcard 23: Which PPE is required upon room entry for Contact Precautions?

Answer: Gown and gloves. Gowns and gloves provide barriers against skin and clothing contact with infectious agents, essential for pathogens spread by touch.

Flashcard 24: What type of room is required for a patient on Airborne Precautions?

Answer: Airborne infection isolation room (negative pressure). Negative pressure rooms prevent airborne pathogens from escaping by directing airflow inward, containing infectious particles.

Flashcard 25: Which respiratory protection is required for Airborne Precautions?

Answer: Fit-tested N95 respirator (or higher-level respirator). N95 respirators filter small airborne particles, providing respiratory protection against infectious aerosols in high-risk settings.