NCLEX-PN › Muscle Identification
What are the origin and insertion of the orbicularis oris?
The maxilla and mandible; the skin of the lips
The zygomatic arch; the modiolus
The temporomandibular joint; the buccinator
The mandibular condyle; the fascia of the masseter
The orbicularis oris, a circular muscle that compresses the lips, originates on the maxilla and mandible and inserts into the skin of the lips
Which of the following muscles has its origin on the mastoid process of the temporal bone?
The splenius capitis
The rectus capitis posterior minor
The rectus capitis posterior major
The semispinalis capitis
The splenius capitis, one of the main extenders of the neck, has it's origin on the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The rectus capitis posterior minor, the rectus capitis posterior major, and the semispinalis capitis all originate on the nuchal line of the occipital bone.
Which of the following is not a part of the erector spinae muscle group?
The trapezius
The iliocostalis
The longissimus
The spinalis
The main muscle groups that make up the erector spinae are the iliocostalis muscles, the longissimus muscles, and the spinalis. The trapezius is not a part of the erector spinae group.
What is the origin of the inferior oblique muscle of the eye?
The maxilla
The annulus of Zinn
The sphenoid bone
The infra-orbital margin
The inferior oblique muscle of the eye, an extrinsic muscle that externally rotates and abducts the eye, has it's origin on the orbital surface of the maxilla.
Which of the following is a muscle of mastication?
All of these
The lateral pterygoid
The temporalis
The medial pterygoid
Mastication relies on four major muscles: the masseter, the temporalis, the medial pterygoid, and the lateral pterygoid.
What is the insertion of the masseter?
The coronoid process of the mandible
The temporal bone
The submandibular fossa of the jaw
The mandibular condyle
The masseter is a quadrilateral muscle that originates from the zygomatic arch and maxilla and inserts into the coronoid process of the mandible. It's function is to lift the mandible, closing the jaw.
What are the main muscles responsible for keeping an upright spinal position?
The erector spinae
The rhomboids
The latissimus dorsi
The levatores costarum
While all of the muscles listed are part of the structure and mobility of the back, the main muscle group responsible for maintaining erect posture in the erector spinae.
Which of the following innervates the platysma?
The facial nerve (CN VII)
The motor accessory nerve
The vagus nerve
The mylohyoid nerve
The platysma, a sheet-like muscle that traverses the neck from the clavicle to the mouth and jaw, is innervated by the cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII).
Which of the following muscles controls the amplitude of sound waves in the inner ear?
The stapedius
The ciliary muscles
The auriculares
The lateral rectus
The stapedius, the smallest muscle in the human body, controls the amplitude of sound vibrations pulling on the neck of the stapes.The auriculares move the ears. The ciliary muscle and the lateral rectus are both muscles of the eye.
Which of the following muscles assists in frowning?
The depressor anguli oris
The auricular muscles
The temporoparietalis muscle
The depressor supercilii
The depressor anguli oris is a small triangular muscle that originates on the mandible and inserts into the modiolus. It's main action is to lower the corners of the mouth in frowning. The auricular muscles are a part of the inner ear. The temporoparietalis muscle is a thin muscle covering the temporal bone, and the depressor supercilii is a muscle of the eye.