Adverse Effects And Allergic Reactions - NCLEX-PN
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Which symptom most strongly suggests a true penicillin allergy rather than a common side effect?
Which symptom most strongly suggests a true penicillin allergy rather than a common side effect?
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Urticaria or wheezing. These symptoms indicate an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, unlike non-immune side effects such as gastrointestinal upset.
Urticaria or wheezing. These symptoms indicate an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, unlike non-immune side effects such as gastrointestinal upset.
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Which adverse effect is most important to monitor with ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril?
Which adverse effect is most important to monitor with ACE inhibitors such as lisinopril?
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Angioedema (face, lips, tongue swelling). ACE inhibitors can inhibit bradykinin degradation, leading to angioedema that may compromise the airway.
Angioedema (face, lips, tongue swelling). ACE inhibitors can inhibit bradykinin degradation, leading to angioedema that may compromise the airway.
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Which adverse effect is expected with nitroglycerin therapy and should be anticipated?
Which adverse effect is expected with nitroglycerin therapy and should be anticipated?
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Headache and hypotension. Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation, resulting in these symptoms as part of its therapeutic mechanism for angina relief.
Headache and hypotension. Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation, resulting in these symptoms as part of its therapeutic mechanism for angina relief.
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What adverse effect of warfarin requires immediate provider notification?
What adverse effect of warfarin requires immediate provider notification?
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Bleeding (hematuria, melena, uncontrolled bruising). Warfarin inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, increasing bleeding risk that necessitates urgent intervention to prevent hemorrhage.
Bleeding (hematuria, melena, uncontrolled bruising). Warfarin inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, increasing bleeding risk that necessitates urgent intervention to prevent hemorrhage.
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What is the hallmark adverse effect of aminoglycosides that requires monitoring?
What is the hallmark adverse effect of aminoglycosides that requires monitoring?
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Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Aminoglycosides are known for damaging the ears and kidneys through direct toxicity to these organs, requiring regular monitoring of hearing and renal function.
Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Aminoglycosides are known for damaging the ears and kidneys through direct toxicity to these organs, requiring regular monitoring of hearing and renal function.
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What is angioedema, and why is it dangerous in allergic reactions?
What is angioedema, and why is it dangerous in allergic reactions?
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Deep tissue swelling; can obstruct the airway. Angioedema involves edema in deeper subcutaneous tissues, posing a risk of laryngeal swelling that can lead to fatal asphyxiation.
Deep tissue swelling; can obstruct the airway. Angioedema involves edema in deeper subcutaneous tissues, posing a risk of laryngeal swelling that can lead to fatal asphyxiation.
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What is the most reliable early sign of an acute transfusion reaction during blood administration?
What is the most reliable early sign of an acute transfusion reaction during blood administration?
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Fever and chills with anxiety or back/chest pain. These symptoms indicate a hemolytic or febrile non-hemolytic reaction due to immune incompatibility during transfusion.
Fever and chills with anxiety or back/chest pain. These symptoms indicate a hemolytic or febrile non-hemolytic reaction due to immune incompatibility during transfusion.
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What is the first nursing action if a transfusion reaction is suspected?
What is the first nursing action if a transfusion reaction is suspected?
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Stop transfusion, keep IV open with normal saline using new tubing. Halting the transfusion prevents further antigen exposure, and saline maintains vascular access without introducing additional risks.
Stop transfusion, keep IV open with normal saline using new tubing. Halting the transfusion prevents further antigen exposure, and saline maintains vascular access without introducing additional risks.
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Which symptom indicates a serious adverse effect of antipsychotics requiring urgent evaluation?
Which symptom indicates a serious adverse effect of antipsychotics requiring urgent evaluation?
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Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (fever, rigidity, altered mental status). Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening reaction to antipsychotics involving dopamine blockade, leading to hyperthermia and muscle rigidity.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (fever, rigidity, altered mental status). Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening reaction to antipsychotics involving dopamine blockade, leading to hyperthermia and muscle rigidity.
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What is the priority nursing action when Stevens-Johnson syndrome is suspected?
What is the priority nursing action when Stevens-Johnson syndrome is suspected?
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Stop the suspected drug and notify the provider immediately. Immediate discontinuation of the offending drug is essential to halt progression of this potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction.
Stop the suspected drug and notify the provider immediately. Immediate discontinuation of the offending drug is essential to halt progression of this potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction.
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What is the most serious cutaneous adverse drug reaction with blistering and mucosal involvement?
What is the most serious cutaneous adverse drug reaction with blistering and mucosal involvement?
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Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are severe hypersensitivity reactions causing widespread skin and mucosal necrosis.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis are severe hypersensitivity reactions causing widespread skin and mucosal necrosis.
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Which medication class commonly causes photosensitivity as an adverse effect?
Which medication class commonly causes photosensitivity as an adverse effect?
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Tetracyclines. Tetracyclines increase skin sensitivity to UV light, leading to exaggerated sunburn reactions due to their phototoxic properties.
Tetracyclines. Tetracyclines increase skin sensitivity to UV light, leading to exaggerated sunburn reactions due to their phototoxic properties.
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Which finding is most concerning for nephrotoxicity from a medication?
Which finding is most concerning for nephrotoxicity from a medication?
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Decreased urine output. Nephrotoxicity impairs renal filtration, leading to oliguria as an early indicator of kidney damage from medications.
Decreased urine output. Nephrotoxicity impairs renal filtration, leading to oliguria as an early indicator of kidney damage from medications.
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