Temperature and Particle Motion - Middle School Physical Science
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What happens to average kinetic energy of particles when temperature decreases?
What happens to average kinetic energy of particles when temperature decreases?
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Average kinetic energy decreases. Lower temperature means slower particle motion.
Average kinetic energy decreases. Lower temperature means slower particle motion.
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Find the correct comparison: which has higher $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$, $273\ \text{K}$ or $300\ \text{K}$?
Find the correct comparison: which has higher $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$, $273\ \text{K}$ or $300\ \text{K}$?
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$300\ \text{K}$ has higher $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$. Higher Kelvin temperature means higher average kinetic energy.
$300\ \text{K}$ has higher $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$. Higher Kelvin temperature means higher average kinetic energy.
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A sample cools from $350\ \text{K}$ to $300\ \text{K}$. Does average kinetic energy increase or decrease?
A sample cools from $350\ \text{K}$ to $300\ \text{K}$. Does average kinetic energy increase or decrease?
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Decrease. Lower temperature always means lower $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$.
Decrease. Lower temperature always means lower $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$.
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If Kelvin temperature is cut in half from $500\ \text{K}$ to $250\ \text{K}$, what happens to $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$ for an ideal gas?
If Kelvin temperature is cut in half from $500\ \text{K}$ to $250\ \text{K}$, what happens to $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$ for an ideal gas?
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It is cut in half. $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$ is directly proportional to Kelvin temperature.
It is cut in half. $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$ is directly proportional to Kelvin temperature.
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If Kelvin temperature doubles from $200\ \text{K}$ to $400\ \text{K}$, what happens to $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$ for an ideal gas?
If Kelvin temperature doubles from $200\ \text{K}$ to $400\ \text{K}$, what happens to $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$ for an ideal gas?
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It doubles. $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$ is directly proportional to Kelvin temperature.
It doubles. $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$ is directly proportional to Kelvin temperature.
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Which has greater average kinetic energy: particles at $300\ \text{K}$ or $600\ \text{K}$?
Which has greater average kinetic energy: particles at $300\ \text{K}$ or $600\ \text{K}$?
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Particles at $600\ \text{K}$. Higher Kelvin temperature always means higher $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$.
Particles at $600\ \text{K}$. Higher Kelvin temperature always means higher $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}}$.
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Identify the correct comparison: at the same temperature, do particles in different substances have the same average kinetic energy?
Identify the correct comparison: at the same temperature, do particles in different substances have the same average kinetic energy?
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Yes, they have the same average kinetic energy at the same temperature. Temperature defines average kinetic energy regardless of substance.
Yes, they have the same average kinetic energy at the same temperature. Temperature defines average kinetic energy regardless of substance.
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Which option best describes why cooling a substance lowers its temperature?
Which option best describes why cooling a substance lowers its temperature?
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Cooling removes energy from particles, decreasing average kinetic energy. Lost energy makes particles move slower.
Cooling removes energy from particles, decreasing average kinetic energy. Lost energy makes particles move slower.
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Which option best describes why heating a substance raises its temperature?
Which option best describes why heating a substance raises its temperature?
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Heating transfers energy to particles, increasing average kinetic energy. Added energy makes particles move faster.
Heating transfers energy to particles, increasing average kinetic energy. Added energy makes particles move faster.
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Identify what happens to particle collisions when temperature increases in a gas.
Identify what happens to particle collisions when temperature increases in a gas.
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Collisions become more frequent and more energetic. Faster particles collide harder and more often.
Collisions become more frequent and more energetic. Faster particles collide harder and more often.
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Which quantity depends on the amount of matter: temperature or total thermal energy?
Which quantity depends on the amount of matter: temperature or total thermal energy?
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Total thermal energy depends on the amount of matter. More particles mean more total energy at the same temperature.
Total thermal energy depends on the amount of matter. More particles mean more total energy at the same temperature.
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Which statement is correct: temperature measures total kinetic energy or average kinetic energy?
Which statement is correct: temperature measures total kinetic energy or average kinetic energy?
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Temperature measures average kinetic energy. Temperature is the average, not the sum of all particle energies.
Temperature measures average kinetic energy. Temperature is the average, not the sum of all particle energies.
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Identify the temperature scale that is proportional to average kinetic energy of particles.
Identify the temperature scale that is proportional to average kinetic energy of particles.
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Kelvin temperature scale. Only Kelvin starts at absolute zero where $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}} = 0$.
Kelvin temperature scale. Only Kelvin starts at absolute zero where $\text{KE}_{\text{avg}} = 0$.
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What is the correct relationship between average kinetic energy and temperature?
What is the correct relationship between average kinetic energy and temperature?
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Average kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature. Doubling temperature doubles average kinetic energy.
Average kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature. Doubling temperature doubles average kinetic energy.
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Which option best describes particle motion at a lower temperature: faster or slower?
Which option best describes particle motion at a lower temperature: faster or slower?
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Slower particle motion. Lower temperature always means lower average kinetic energy.
Slower particle motion. Lower temperature always means lower average kinetic energy.
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Which option best describes particle motion at a higher temperature: faster or slower?
Which option best describes particle motion at a higher temperature: faster or slower?
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Faster particle motion. Higher temperature always means higher average kinetic energy.
Faster particle motion. Higher temperature always means higher average kinetic energy.
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What happens to average kinetic energy of particles when temperature increases?
What happens to average kinetic energy of particles when temperature increases?
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Average kinetic energy increases. Higher temperature means faster particle motion.
Average kinetic energy increases. Higher temperature means faster particle motion.
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What is temperature in terms of particle motion in a substance?
What is temperature in terms of particle motion in a substance?
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Temperature is the measure of average kinetic energy of particles. Higher temperatures mean particles move faster on average.
Temperature is the measure of average kinetic energy of particles. Higher temperatures mean particles move faster on average.
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What happens to average kinetic energy during melting, even though heat is added?
What happens to average kinetic energy during melting, even though heat is added?
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It stays constant (temperature stays constant). Energy goes into breaking bonds, not increasing motion.
It stays constant (temperature stays constant). Energy goes into breaking bonds, not increasing motion.
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What is temperature in particle terms, using average kinetic energy?
What is temperature in particle terms, using average kinetic energy?
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Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles. Higher temperature means particles move faster on average.
Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles. Higher temperature means particles move faster on average.
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What happens to average particle kinetic energy when temperature increases?
What happens to average particle kinetic energy when temperature increases?
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Average kinetic energy increases. Faster particle motion means higher temperature.
Average kinetic energy increases. Faster particle motion means higher temperature.
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What happens to average particle kinetic energy when temperature decreases?
What happens to average particle kinetic energy when temperature decreases?
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Average kinetic energy decreases. Slower particle motion means lower temperature.
Average kinetic energy decreases. Slower particle motion means lower temperature.
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Which type of energy change is directly linked to a temperature change: kinetic or potential?
Which type of energy change is directly linked to a temperature change: kinetic or potential?
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Kinetic energy (average kinetic energy) is directly linked. Temperature directly measures particle motion energy.
Kinetic energy (average kinetic energy) is directly linked. Temperature directly measures particle motion energy.
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What is the direction of energy transfer as heat from hotter to colder objects?
What is the direction of energy transfer as heat from hotter to colder objects?
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Heat transfers from higher temperature to lower temperature. Energy flows from hot to cold until equilibrium.
Heat transfers from higher temperature to lower temperature. Energy flows from hot to cold until equilibrium.
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What happens to particle speed, on average, as temperature rises?
What happens to particle speed, on average, as temperature rises?
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Average particle speed increases. Higher kinetic energy means faster motion.
Average particle speed increases. Higher kinetic energy means faster motion.
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