How Cell Parts Work Together - Middle School Life Science
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What is the function of mitochondria in supporting cell processes?
What is the function of mitochondria in supporting cell processes?
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Release energy by making ATP from food molecules. ATP powers all energy-requiring cellular processes.
Release energy by making ATP from food molecules. ATP powers all energy-requiring cellular processes.
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What is the main function of the cell membrane in supporting overall cell function?
What is the main function of the cell membrane in supporting overall cell function?
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Selectively controls what enters and leaves the cell. Acts as a barrier to maintain homeostasis and protect the cell.
Selectively controls what enters and leaves the cell. Acts as a barrier to maintain homeostasis and protect the cell.
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What is the main function of the cytoplasm in helping organelles work together?
What is the main function of the cytoplasm in helping organelles work together?
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Jelly-like fluid that holds organelles and supports reactions. Provides a medium for chemical reactions and organelle movement.
Jelly-like fluid that holds organelles and supports reactions. Provides a medium for chemical reactions and organelle movement.
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What is the nucleus responsible for that coordinates many cell activities?
What is the nucleus responsible for that coordinates many cell activities?
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Stores DNA and directs cell functions. Acts as the control center, regulating all cellular activities.
Stores DNA and directs cell functions. Acts as the control center, regulating all cellular activities.
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What is the role of ribosomes in the cell’s production system?
What is the role of ribosomes in the cell’s production system?
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Build proteins from amino acids. Follow instructions from mRNA to synthesize proteins.
Build proteins from amino acids. Follow instructions from mRNA to synthesize proteins.
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What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)?
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)?
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Folds and transports proteins made by ribosomes. Has ribosomes attached for protein synthesis and modification.
Folds and transports proteins made by ribosomes. Has ribosomes attached for protein synthesis and modification.
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What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER)?
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER)?
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Makes lipids and helps detoxify harmful substances. Lacks ribosomes, specializing in lipid synthesis instead.
Makes lipids and helps detoxify harmful substances. Lacks ribosomes, specializing in lipid synthesis instead.
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What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus in cell organization?
What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus in cell organization?
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Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids. Acts as the cell's shipping center for proteins and lipids.
Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids. Acts as the cell's shipping center for proteins and lipids.
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What is the function of vacuoles, especially the large central vacuole in plants?
What is the function of vacuoles, especially the large central vacuole in plants?
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Store water and materials; help maintain turgor pressure. Turgor pressure keeps plant cells rigid and upright.
Store water and materials; help maintain turgor pressure. Turgor pressure keeps plant cells rigid and upright.
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Identify the organelle pair that works together to make and package proteins for delivery.
Identify the organelle pair that works together to make and package proteins for delivery.
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Rough ER and Golgi apparatus. Rough ER makes proteins; Golgi modifies and ships them.
Rough ER and Golgi apparatus. Rough ER makes proteins; Golgi modifies and ships them.
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Which organelle provides energy needed for active transport across the cell membrane?
Which organelle provides energy needed for active transport across the cell membrane?
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Mitochondria. ATP from cellular respiration powers membrane pumps.
Mitochondria. ATP from cellular respiration powers membrane pumps.
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What is the function of the cytoskeleton in coordinating cell activities?
What is the function of the cytoskeleton in coordinating cell activities?
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Gives shape and helps move organelles and materials. Network of protein fibers acts as cell's internal framework.
Gives shape and helps move organelles and materials. Network of protein fibers acts as cell's internal framework.
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What is the function of vesicles in moving materials within and out of the cell?
What is the function of vesicles in moving materials within and out of the cell?
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Membrane sacs that transport and deliver cell products. Bud off from organelles to carry cargo throughout the cell.
Membrane sacs that transport and deliver cell products. Bud off from organelles to carry cargo throughout the cell.
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Which sequence shows the correct pathway for a protein to be secreted outside the cell?
Which sequence shows the correct pathway for a protein to be secreted outside the cell?
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Ribosome → rough ER → Golgi → vesicle → cell membrane. Shows the secretory pathway from synthesis to export.
Ribosome → rough ER → Golgi → vesicle → cell membrane. Shows the secretory pathway from synthesis to export.
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Which cell structure must a waste-filled vesicle fuse with to remove waste from the cell?
Which cell structure must a waste-filled vesicle fuse with to remove waste from the cell?
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Cell membrane. Vesicles release contents outside by exocytosis.
Cell membrane. Vesicles release contents outside by exocytosis.
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What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?
What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?
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Convert light energy into sugars by photosynthesis. Contains chlorophyll to capture light for making food.
Convert light energy into sugars by photosynthesis. Contains chlorophyll to capture light for making food.
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What is the main role of lysosomes in maintaining cell health?
What is the main role of lysosomes in maintaining cell health?
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Digest and recycle wastes and worn-out cell parts. Contains enzymes that break down cellular debris.
Digest and recycle wastes and worn-out cell parts. Contains enzymes that break down cellular debris.
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Which two structures work together to keep plant cells firm when water is stored?
Which two structures work together to keep plant cells firm when water is stored?
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Central vacuole and cell wall. Water pressure pushes against rigid wall for support.
Central vacuole and cell wall. Water pressure pushes against rigid wall for support.
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Which structure breaks down a worn-out mitochondrion so its materials can be reused?
Which structure breaks down a worn-out mitochondrion so its materials can be reused?
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Lysosome. Contains digestive enzymes to recycle cellular components.
Lysosome. Contains digestive enzymes to recycle cellular components.
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What is the main function of mitochondria in a eukaryotic cell?
What is the main function of mitochondria in a eukaryotic cell?
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Produces ATP by cellular respiration. Powers the cell by converting nutrients into usable energy.
Produces ATP by cellular respiration. Powers the cell by converting nutrients into usable energy.
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What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus in supporting cell function?
What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus in supporting cell function?
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Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids. Acts as the cell's shipping center for proteins and lipids.
Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids. Acts as the cell's shipping center for proteins and lipids.
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What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the cell?
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the cell?
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Makes lipids and helps detoxify harmful substances. Produces fats and breaks down toxins to protect the cell.
Makes lipids and helps detoxify harmful substances. Produces fats and breaks down toxins to protect the cell.
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What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cell?
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cell?
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Folds and transports proteins made by ribosomes. Has ribosomes attached that make proteins for export or membrane insertion.
Folds and transports proteins made by ribosomes. Has ribosomes attached that make proteins for export or membrane insertion.
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Identify the correct pathway for a secreted protein from production to release from the cell.
Identify the correct pathway for a secreted protein from production to release from the cell.
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Ribosome → rough ER → Golgi → vesicle → cell membrane. Shows the complete secretory pathway from synthesis to release.
Ribosome → rough ER → Golgi → vesicle → cell membrane. Shows the complete secretory pathway from synthesis to release.
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What is the main function of lysosomes in maintaining cell health?
What is the main function of lysosomes in maintaining cell health?
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Digests wastes and recycles worn-out cell parts. Contains enzymes that break down cellular debris and pathogens.
Digests wastes and recycles worn-out cell parts. Contains enzymes that break down cellular debris and pathogens.
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