Structural Lipids - MCAT Chemical and Physical Foundations of Biological Systems

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Question

What properties of phospholipids make the formation of cell membranes possible?

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Answer

Phospholipids have two fatty acid tails made of hydrocarbons, which are nonpolar, and a phosphate head, which is polar. Their structure allows phospholipids to group up into a bilayer such that the polar heads face the outside environment while the non-polar fatty tails face inward, protected from the aqueous environment. Phospholipids are not completely polar or non-polar, they are amphiphathic.

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