Begin by reversing the numerator and denominator so that the exponents are positive:

Square the right side of the expression and multiply:

Simplify:

To simplify the polynomial, begin by multiplying the first binomial by every term within the parentheses:

Now, combine like terms:

Convert the polynomial into fraction form:

To simplify the polynomial, begin by rearranging the terms to have positive exponents:

Now, combine like terms:

Simplify the integers:

is a composite function solved by substituting into :

Begin by simplifying the integers:

Subtract the exponent in the denominator from the exponent in the numerator:

Squaring the polynomial is equivalent to:

Use the FOIL method to multiply the terms:

F - First

O - Outer

I - Inner

L - Last

Combine like terms:

Begin by multiplying the terms:

Convert into fraction form:

To simplify the polynomial, begin by rearranging the terms to have positive exponents:

Rearrange the terms once again so that the outer exponent is positive. Also, combine like terms:

Now, square the polynomial:

Use the FOIL method to multiply the terms: F (first) O (outer) I (inner) L (last)

To simplify the polynomial, begin by combining the terms within the parentheses and multiplying the integers:

Now, add together like terms: