In order to solve this problem, we need to recall the formula used to calculate the volume of a cone:

Now that we have this formula, we can substitute in the given values and solve:

First, let's define the possible transformations.

Rotation: A rotation means turning an image, shape, line, etc. around a central point.

Translation: A translation means moving or sliding an image, shape, line, etc. over a plane.

Reflection: A reflection mean flipping an image, shape, line, etc. over a central line.

In the images from the question, notice that the black angle rotates counterclockwise, or left around the y-axis. The vertical, base, line of the angle goes from being the base, to the top; thus the transformation is a rotation.

The transformation can't be a reflection over the x-axis because the orange angle didn't flip over the x-axis.

The transformation can't be a translation because the angle changes direction, which does not happened when you simply move or slide an angle or image.

In order to solve for , we need to isolate the to one side of the equation.

For this problem, the first thing we want to do is distribute the :

Next, we can subtract from both sides:

Finally, we divide from both sides:

Our answer choices consist of two types of numbers: rational numbers and irrational numbers. In order to correctly answer this question, we need to know the difference between the two types of numbers.

Rational numbers are numbers that we use most often, and can be written as a simple fraction.

Irrational numbers cannot be written as fractions, and are numbers that have decimal places that never repeat or end.

In this case, is our only irrational number because it cannot be written as a simple fraction.

In order to solve for , we need to isolate the to one side of the equation.

For this problem, the first thing we want to do is distribute the :

Next, we can subtract from both sides:

Finally, we divide from both sides:

The data points in the scatter plot move up the y-axis as the x-axis decreases; thus the data points show a negative association. Also, the data points do not curve, or go up and down, but gradually decreased; thus the scatter plot shows a linear association. We could even draw a "best fit" line:

In order to solve this problem, we need to recall the formula used to calculate the volume of a cone:

Now that we have this formula, we can substitute in the given values and solve:

First, let's define the possible transformations.

Rotation: A rotation means turning an image, shape, line, etc. around a central point.

Translation: A translation means moving or sliding an image, shape, line, etc. over a plane.

Reflection: A reflection mean flipping an image, shape, line, etc. over a central line.

In the images from the question, notice that the black angle rotates counterclockwise, or left around the y-axis. The vertical, base, line of the angle goes from being the base, to the top; thus the transformation is a rotation.

The transformation can't be a reflection over the x-axis because the orange angle didn't flip over the x-axis.

The transformation can't be a translation because the angle changes direction, which does not happened when you simply move or slide an angle or image.

To help answer this question, we can construct a two-way table and fill in our known quantities from the question.

The columns of the table will represent the students who are athletes or are not athletes and the rows will contain the students who drink soda or do not drink soda. The first bit of information that we were given from the question was that students were athletes; therefore, needs to go in the "athlete" column as the row total. Next, we were told that of those students, drinks soda; therefore, we need to put in the "athlete" column and in the "drinks soda" row. Then, we were told that students were not athletes, but drink soda, so we need to put in the "not an athlete" column and the "drinks soda" row. Finally, we were told that students are not athletes or soda drinkers, so needs to go in the "not an athlete" column and "doesn't drink soda" row. If done correctly, you should create a table similar to the following:

Our question asked how many students don't drink soda. We add up the numbers in the "doesn't drink soda" row to get the total, but first we need to fill in a gap in our table, students who were athletes, but don't drink soda. We can take the total number of students who are athletes, , and subtract the number of students who drink soda,

This means that students who are athletes, don't drink soda.

Now, we add up the numbers in the "doesn't drink soda" row to get the total:

This means that students don't drink soda.

Our answer choices consist of two types of numbers: rational numbers and irrational numbers. In order to correctly answer this question, we need to know the difference between the two types of numbers.

Rational numbers are numbers that we use most often, and can be written as a simple fraction.

Irrational numbers cannot be written as fractions, and are numbers that have decimal places that never repeat or end.

In this case, is our only irrational number because it cannot be written as a simple fraction.