Practice Test 12

Read the passage and answer: What is the author's main purpose in this passage?

This expository essay explains photosynthesis for middle school readers. The author’s intention is to teach how plants make their own food using sunlight. First, the writer states that plants take in carbon dioxide through tiny openings in their leaves. At the same time, roots absorb water from the soil and send it upward.

Next, the author describes the role of chlorophyll, the green pigment in leaves. Chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight, which starts a series of chemical changes. During these changes, the plant turns water and carbon dioxide into sugar. The sugar becomes a source of energy for the plant’s growth.

The author also explains an important result of the process. As plants make sugar, they release oxygen into the air. This oxygen is the same gas that people and animals need to breathe. The writer includes this detail to show why photosynthesis matters beyond the plant.

In the final paragraph, the author summarizes the steps in a clear order. Sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide are the main inputs. Sugar and oxygen are the main outputs. The tone stays calm and focused on helping the reader understand.

Read the passage and answer: What is the author's main purpose in this passage?

In this persuasive letter, Alex writes to the student council about adding recycling bins near the gym. Alex’s intention is to convince students that recycling should be easier during busy school events. After games, the bleachers often have empty bottles and snack wrappers. Alex argues that many students would recycle if bins were nearby and clearly marked.

First, Alex explains how recycling can fit into school routines. Volunteers could place bins at the entrances before events begin. Afterward, a small team could collect the bags and bring them to the main recycling area. Alex says the plan would take only a few minutes each time.

Next, Alex uses a fact learned in science class. Aluminum cans can be recycled again and again, which saves energy compared to making new cans. Alex includes this detail to show that recycling has real benefits. The letter also mentions that cleaner hallways make the school more welcoming.

In the closing, Alex asks the council to vote on the idea next week. The tone stays respectful and confident. Alex wants the council to see recycling as a practical improvement, not an extra burden.