All flashcards
Flashcard 1: What is the best meaning of “implied” information in a passage?
Answer: Information suggested by details but not directly stated. Implied information emerges from subtle textual cues, requiring inference to uncover meanings not explicitly expressed.
Flashcard 2: What is the best definition of a conclusion in reading comprehension?
Answer: A judgment inferred from text details and prior knowledge. This definition captures how conclusions integrate explicit text information with logical reasoning from background knowledge to form supported judgments.
Flashcard 3: What is the best definition of an inference when reading a passage?
Answer: A logical guess based on evidence in the text. Inferences rely on textual clues to form reasonable assumptions about unstated ideas, distinguishing them from direct statements.
Flashcard 4: Which type of detail best supports a conclusion: specific evidence or a vague impression?
Answer: Specific evidence. Conclusions require concrete, verifiable support from the text to ensure validity, unlike vague impressions that lack precision.
Flashcard 5: What is the key difference between a conclusion and a personal opinion?
Answer: A conclusion is evidence-based; an opinion may lack support. Conclusions must be grounded in textual evidence for objectivity, whereas opinions can stem from personal bias without substantiation.
Flashcard 6: What is the best definition of textual evidence used to support a conclusion?
Answer: Relevant details, facts, or examples from the passage. Textual evidence provides the factual foundation necessary to validate conclusions drawn from a passage's content.
Flashcard 7: Which phrase best signals a conclusion in an explanation: “for example” or “therefore”?
Answer: “Therefore”. The phrase 'therefore' indicates a logical outcome derived from preceding evidence, signaling the drawing of a conclusion.
Flashcard 8: Which phrase most often introduces supporting details: “in summary” or “for instance”?
Answer: “For instance”. Phrases like 'for instance' introduce examples that bolster arguments by providing concrete illustrations of ideas.
Flashcard 9: What should you do first when asked to draw a conclusion supported by details?
Answer: Identify relevant details and determine what they imply. Starting with key details allows for systematic analysis to infer logical conclusions supported by the text.
Flashcard 10: What is the best criterion for deciding whether a conclusion is valid?
Answer: It is strongly supported by multiple relevant text details. Validity depends on robust textual backing to ensure the conclusion logically follows from the evidence provided.
Flashcard 11: Which option best describes a conclusion that is too broad?
Answer: It goes beyond the passage’s evidence. A broad conclusion overextends the text's details, resulting in claims not adequately justified by the available evidence.
Flashcard 12: Which is stronger support for a conclusion: one unclear detail or several consistent details?
Answer: Several consistent details. Multiple aligned details create a stronger, more reliable foundation for inferences than a single ambiguous one.
Flashcard 13: Identify the best conclusion: “The sidewalk was wet, and dark clouds gathered overhead.”
Answer: It probably just rained or is about to rain. Wet sidewalks combined with dark clouds logically point to recent or impending rain as the most supported inference.
Flashcard 14: Identify the best conclusion: “Luis set three alarms and packed his bag the night before.”
Answer: Luis wants to avoid being late. Setting multiple alarms and preparing in advance indicates proactive measures to ensure punctuality.
Flashcard 15: Identify the best conclusion: “The author lists three benefits and uses a positive tone about recycling.”
Answer: The author supports recycling. Listing benefits and employing positive language demonstrates the author's endorsement of recycling's value.
Flashcard 16: Identify the best conclusion: “She avoided eye contact and answered in one-word replies.”
Answer: She is uncomfortable or upset. Behaviors like avoiding eye contact and brief responses typically signal emotional discomfort or distress.
Flashcard 17: Which conclusion is best supported: “The dog barked at strangers” implies it is friendly or protective?
Answer: Protective. Barking at strangers aligns with protective instincts rather than friendliness, based on common behavioral interpretations.
Flashcard 18: What is the primary risk of drawing a conclusion from only one detail?
Answer: Overgeneralizing beyond what the text supports. Relying on isolated details can lead to unsupported extrapolations that exceed the text's actual implications.
Flashcard 19: Identify the best conclusion: “The narrator admits mistakes and corrects earlier claims.”
Answer: The narrator is trying to be honest and accurate. Admitting errors and making corrections reflects a commitment to truthfulness and precision in narration.
Flashcard 20: Which conclusion is best: “He practiced daily and improved steadily” implies talent or hard work?
Answer: Hard work. Daily practice leading to improvement emphasizes effort and dedication as the key factors in progress.
Flashcard 21: Identify the best conclusion: “The passage compares two plans and highlights flaws in one plan.”
Answer: The author favors the other plan. Emphasizing flaws in one plan while comparing implies preference for the alternative with fewer highlighted issues.
Flashcard 22: Identify the best conclusion: “After the announcement, the room fell silent and people stared down.”
Answer: The announcement was disappointing or shocking. Silence and downward stares following an announcement suggest a negative emotional reaction like disappointment or shock.
Flashcard 23: Which option is the best conclusion strategy: choose the most dramatic idea or the most supported idea?
Answer: Choose the most supported idea. Effective strategies prioritize conclusions backed by substantial textual evidence over those that are merely sensational.
Flashcard 24: Which is the best basis for a conclusion: the passage or outside facts not mentioned?
Answer: The passage (plus only general, reasonable background knowledge). Conclusions should primarily derive from the passage's content, supplemented only by common knowledge to avoid unsubstantiated claims.
Flashcard 25: Identify the best conclusion: “Maya shivered and hugged her coat tightly.” What is implied?
Answer: Maya is cold. The actions of shivering and hugging the coat suggest a physical response to low temperature, implying coldness.