Data Interpretation and Graphs

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GRE Quantitative Reasoning › Data Interpretation and Graphs

Questions 1 - 10
1

A farm tracked harvest amounts and revenue per ton for three crops.

Table (Harvest and Price) Columns: Crop; Harvest (tons); Revenue per ton (USD/ton) Rows:

  • Wheat: 80; 220
  • Corn: 60; 250
  • Soy: 40; 400

Which crop produced the highest total revenue, and what was that revenue?

Soy, $16{,}000$

Corn, $15{,}000$

Wheat, $17{,}600$

Corn, $25{,}000$

Wheat, $22{,}000$

Explanation

This question tests data interpretation skills using a table of harvest amounts and revenue per ton for three crops. The table lists Wheat, Corn, and Soy with tons and USD/ton. To find the highest total revenue, calculate: Wheat 80×220=17,600, Corn 60×250=15,000, Soy 40×400=16,000. Wheat has the highest at 17,600 USD, justifying choice A. A common misread is selecting the highest revenue per ton without multiplying by harvest, leading to Soy and option C. Another error could involve miscalculating Wheat as 80×275 or similar, resulting in 22,000 as in D.

2

A company recorded average weekly hours worked by department.

Table (Average Weekly Hours) Columns: Department; Average hours per employee (hours/week); Number of employees (employees) Rows:

  • Sales: 38; 25
  • Engineering: 45; 40
  • Support: 34; 30
  • HR: 36; 10

Which of the following is closest to the overall company-wide average weekly hours per employee?

36.0

38.0

39.6

41.0

45.0

Explanation

This question tests data interpretation skills using a table of average weekly hours and number of employees by department. The table lists Sales, Engineering, Support, and HR with hours and employee counts. To find the company-wide average, calculate total hours: 38×25=950, 45×40=1,800, 34×30=1,020, 36×10=360, summing to 4,130, and total employees 105, so 4,130/105 ≈ 39.33 hours. The closest is 39.6, justifying choice B. A common misread is averaging the department averages without weighting, giving (38+45+34+36)/4=38.25, close to 38.0 as in A. Another error could involve miscounting employees, leading to a higher average like 41.0.

3

A runner recorded distance run each day for a week.

Table (Distance Run) Columns: Day; Distance (kilometers) Rows:

  • Mon: 5
  • Tue: 8
  • Wed: 6
  • Thu: 10
  • Fri: 0
  • Sat: 12
  • Sun: 9

According to the table, what is the median daily distance run (in kilometers) for the week?

6

7

8

9

10

Explanation

This question tests data interpretation skills using a table of daily running distances for a week. The table lists days from Monday to Sunday with kilometers run. To find the median, list the distances: 5, 8, 6, 10, 0, 12, 9, and sort them: 0, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12. For seven values, the median is the fourth, which is 8 km. This justifies choice C as the correct answer. A common misread is calculating the mean instead, giving (5+8+6+10+0+12+9)/7 ≈ 7, leading to option B. Another error could involve not sorting correctly, picking the middle unsorted value like 10 as in E.

4

A city reported annual water use by sector.

Table (Annual Water Use) Columns: Sector; Water use (million gallons) Rows:

  • Residential: 420
  • Commercial: 310
  • Industrial: 270
  • Public services: 150

According to the table, what fraction of the total water use is attributable to the Commercial sector?

$\frac{62}{115}$

$\frac{31}{100}$

$\frac{31}{42}$

$\frac{31}{115}$

$\frac{31}{57}$

Explanation

This question tests data interpretation skills using a table of annual water use by sector in million gallons. The table lists four sectors: Residential, Commercial, Industrial, and Public services with their respective water usage. To find the fraction for the Commercial sector, first sum the total: 420 + 310 + 270 + 150 = 1,150 million gallons. The Commercial fraction is 310 / 1,150 = 31/115 after simplifying by dividing numerator and denominator by 10. This justifies choice A as the correct answer. A common misread is doubling the Commercial value or confusing it with another sector, leading to 620 / 1,150 = 62/115, which is option D. Another error could involve using an incorrect total like 1,000, resulting in 310/1,000 = 31/100 as in option C.

5

A lab measured the concentration of a chemical in solution at different times.

Table (Concentration Over Time) Columns: Time (minutes); Concentration (mg/L) Rows:

  • 0: 80
  • 10: 68
  • 20: 58
  • 30: 50
  • 40: 45

What is the average rate of change in concentration from 10 minutes to 40 minutes, in mg/L per minute?

$-1.10$

$0.77$

$-0.23$

$-0.90$

$-0.77$

Explanation

This question tests data interpretation skills using a table of chemical concentration over time in minutes. The table lists time points from 0 to 40 minutes with corresponding concentration in mg/L. To find the average rate of change from 10 to 40 minutes, extract the concentrations: 68 mg/L at 10 minutes and 45 mg/L at 40 minutes. The change in concentration is 45 - 68 = -23 mg/L over 40 - 10 = 30 minutes, so the rate is -23 / 30 = -0.7667 ≈ -0.77 mg/L per minute. This justifies choice A as the correct answer. A common misread is using the time from 0 to 40 minutes instead, leading to (45 - 80) / 40 = -0.875 ≈ -0.90, which is option E. Another error might involve forgetting the negative sign for the decrease, resulting in a positive value like option D.

6

A delivery company tracked the number of packages delivered and total fuel used in one week.

Table (Week Summary) Columns: Day; Packages delivered (packages); Fuel used (gallons) Rows:

  • Mon: 480; 32
  • Tue: 520; 35
  • Wed: 500; 30
  • Thu: 560; 40
  • Fri: 540; 36

According to the table, which day had the greatest fuel efficiency, measured in packages per gallon?

Monday

Friday

Thursday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Explanation

This question tests data interpretation skills using a table of packages delivered and fuel used for each day of the week. The table provides two columns for each day: the number of packages delivered and the gallons of fuel used. To determine the day with the greatest fuel efficiency, calculate the packages per gallon by dividing the number of packages by the fuel used for each day. The calculations yield: Monday 480/32 = 15, Tuesday 520/35 ≈ 14.86, Wednesday 500/30 ≈ 16.67, Thursday 560/40 = 14, and Friday 540/36 = 15. Wednesday has the highest efficiency at approximately 16.67 packages per gallon, justifying choice C as the correct answer. A common misread is selecting the day with the most packages delivered without dividing by fuel, which might lead to choosing Thursday. Another error could involve inverting the ratio to gallons per package, resulting in an incorrect lowest value for Wednesday instead.

7

A commuter recorded travel time and distance for five trips.

Table (Trips) Columns: Trip; Distance (miles); Time (minutes) Rows:

  • 1: 12; 24
  • 2: 15; 30
  • 3: 10; 20
  • 4: 18; 45
  • 5: 20; 40

Which trip had the lowest average speed, in miles per hour?

Trip 1

Trip 2

Trip 3

Trip 5

Trip 4

Explanation

This question tests data interpretation skills using a table of distance and time for five trips. The table lists miles and minutes for each trip. To find the lowest average speed in mph, convert minutes to hours and calculate speed: Trip 1: 12 / (24/60) = 30 mph, Trip 2: 15 / (30/60) = 30 mph, Trip 3: 10 / (20/60) = 30 mph, Trip 4: 18 / (45/60) = 24 mph, Trip 5: 20 / (40/60) = 30 mph. Trip 4 has the lowest speed at 24 mph, justifying choice D. A common misread is forgetting to convert minutes to hours, leading to speeds in miles per minute and incorrectly selecting Trip 4 still, but miscomparing. Another error could involve calculating time per mile instead, inverting the values and picking Trip 4 incorrectly as highest.

8

A bank tracked the balance of a savings account at the end of each month.

Table (End-of-Month Balance) Columns: Month; Balance (USD) Rows:

  • January: 2,500
  • February: 2,650
  • March: 2,580
  • April: 2,760
  • May: 2,900

Which statement is supported by the data?

The largest month-to-month decrease occurred from February to March.

The balance decreased from March to April.

The balance in May was less than in February.

The smallest month-to-month increase occurred from January to February.

The balance increased every month.

Explanation

This question tests data interpretation skills using a table of end-of-month savings balances from January to May. The table lists months with USD balances. To evaluate statements, examine changes: Jan to Feb +150, Feb to Mar -70, Mar to Apr +180, Apr to May +140. The largest decrease is Feb to Mar at -70, supporting statement B. Other statements like A (increased every month) fail due to the decrease. A common misread is overlooking the decrease, leading to A. Another error could involve comparing absolute balances, incorrectly supporting D when May is higher than February.

9

An investor tracked the closing price of a stock for five consecutive days.

Table (Closing Price) Columns: Day; Closing price (USD) Rows:

  • 1: 48
  • 2: 51
  • 3: 50
  • 4: 54
  • 5: 57

Which of the following is closest to the percent increase in closing price from Day 1 to Day 5?

$18.8%$

$12.5%$

$9.0%$

$15.0%$

$2.0%$

Explanation

This question tests data interpretation skills using a table of stock closing prices over five days. The table lists days 1 to 5 with USD prices. To find the percent increase from Day 1 to Day 5, calculate (57 - 48)/48 × 100% = 9/48 ≈ 18.75%. The closest is 18.8%, justifying choice C. A common misread is using Day 2 or another as the base, like from 51 to 57 = about 11.8%, not matching options directly. Another error could involve absolute increase divided by average, approximating 15% as in B.

10

A research team tracked the number of participants who completed a survey.

Table (Survey Completion) Columns: Group; Invited (people); Completed (people) Rows:

  • A: 120; 90
  • B: 150; 105
  • C: 80; 60
  • D: 200; 140

Which group had the highest completion rate?

Group A

Group D

Group B

Groups A and C are tied for highest

Group C

Explanation

This question tests data interpretation skills using a table of invited and completed surveys by group. The table lists four groups with invited and completed numbers. To find the highest completion rate, calculate rates: Group A 90/120 = 0.75, B 105/150 = 0.70, C 60/80 = 0.75, D 140/200 = 0.70. Groups A and C tie at 75%, justifying choice E. A common misread is comparing completed numbers without dividing by invited, leading to Group D with 140 as highest. Another error could involve miscalculating one rate, such as 90/120 as 0.70, incorrectly picking Group C alone.

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