Language Standards: Determining Word Meanings with Greek and Latin Roots in Grade 4 (CCSS.L.4.4)
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Common Core 4th Grade ELA › Language Standards: Determining Word Meanings with Greek and Latin Roots in Grade 4 (CCSS.L.4.4)
Making rock candy is a process, a series of steps: first dissolve sugar in hot water, then let it cool, and finally wait as crystals slowly form.
What does the word process most likely mean in the passage?
a place where food is stored
a machine that cooks sugar
a test to measure sweetness
a set of actions done in order
Explanation
The passage explains process as "a series of steps: first…, then…, finally…," showing it means a set of actions done in order.
The solar panels turn sunlight into energy, the power that runs lights and chargers, so the campsite can have electricity even when there are no plugs nearby.
What does the word energy most likely mean in the passage?
power used to do work
a map that shows roads
a feeling of excitement
a tool for storing batteries
Explanation
The passage restates energy as "the power that runs lights and chargers," so it means power used to do work.
By studying cloud shapes and wind direction, the meteorologist can predict, or tell in advance, whether a storm will arrive tomorrow.
What does the word predict most likely mean in the passage?
to draw a picture of clouds
to measure how strong wind is
to say what will happen in the future
to change the weather with tools
Explanation
The phrase "or tell in advance" defines predict, showing it means to say what will happen in the future.
Making compost is a slow process: a series of steps in which food scraps break down into rich soil over many months.
What does the word process most likely mean in the passage?
a series of steps to get something done
a place where plants grow
a person who studies soil
a time limit for a project
Explanation
The passage explains process as "a series of steps" where scraps break down, so it means steps to get something done.
From dark clouds and dropping temperatures, the forecaster can predict, or say in advance, that rain is likely to begin this evening.
What does the word predict most likely mean in the passage?
to measure how much rain fell
to protect people from storms
to say what will happen before it happens
to shout a warning to the town
Explanation
The words "predict, or say in advance" restate the meaning, showing it means telling what will happen before it occurs.
Making clean drinking water is a process: a step-by-step method where filters remove dirt and then heat kills germs before the water is bottled.
What does the word process most likely mean in the passage?
a machine
a single step
a natural disaster
a series of actions done in order
Explanation
The context says step-by-step, filters remove dirt, then heat kills germs—showing a sequence of actions.
The battery stores energy that powers the flashlight, giving it the ability to shine for hours even when no plug or sunlight is available.
What does the word energy most likely mean in the passage?
usable power that makes things work
excitement at a party
a piece of equipment
a kind of light bulb
Explanation
Energy powers the flashlight and lets it shine, so it means power that makes things work.
Using satellite images and past records, meteorologists predict, or say in advance, when storms may arrive so communities can prepare.
What does the word predict most likely mean in the passage?
control
chase
make a good guess about the future
describe the past
Explanation
The words say in advance and when storms may arrive show predict means to tell ahead of time.
The desert region, or area of land with very little rainfall, stretches for miles beyond the town, with sandy plains and few plants.
What does the word region most likely mean in the passage?
an area of land in a place
a type of weather
a map symbol
a line between two towns
Explanation
The sentence says "region, or area of land," directly restating the meaning and describing deserts with little rainfall and few plants.
Photosynthesis is a process, or series of steps, that plants use to make food from sunlight, water, and air. This process helps them grow.
What does the word process most likely mean in the passage?
a single tool
a series of steps
a weather forecast
a place plants live
Explanation
The passage explains "process" by saying "or series of steps," showing it means steps plants use to make food.