Language Standards: Grammar and Usage with Pronouns, Tenses, and Sentence Structure (CCSS.L.4.1)
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Common Core 4th Grade ELA › Language Standards: Grammar and Usage with Pronouns, Tenses, and Sentence Structure (CCSS.L.4.1)
The box of crayons are missing from the shelf, and it isn't in the drawer or under the art table. Which revision corrects the error?
The box of crayons is missing from the shelf, and it isn't in the drawer or under the art table.
The box of crayons are missing from the shelf, and they aren't in the drawer or under the art table.
The box of crayons is missing from the shelf, and they isn't in the drawer or under the art table.
The box of crayons were missing from the shelf, and it isn't in the drawer or under the art table.
Explanation
A correctly matches the singular subject box with is and keeps the pronoun it consistent. B treats crayons as the subject and keeps are. C has they isn't. D uses were, which is incorrect number and tense.
Yesterday at recess, I am playing tag with Maya, and we are running fast when the whistle blew, and I drop my glove by the fence. Which revision corrects the verb tense errors?
Yesterday at recess, I was playing tag with Maya, and we were running fast when the whistle blows, and I dropped my glove by the fence.
Yesterday at recess, I was playing tag with Maya, and we were running fast when the whistle blew, and I dropped my glove by the fence.
Yesterday at recess, I was playing tag with Maya, and we are running fast when the whistle blew, and I drop my glove by the fence.
Yesterday at recess, I will be playing tag with Maya, and we were running fast when the whistle blew, and I had dropped my glove by the fence.
Explanation
B uses past progressive (was playing, were running) with simple past (blew, dropped). A mixes in blows (present). C mixes present and past. D adds future and past perfect, not matching Yesterday.
After school, Ava texted Mia that she lost her science notebook, and she said she would look for it in her locker later. Which option makes the sentence clear?
After school, Ava texted Mia that she lost her science notebook, and Mia said she would look for it in her locker later.
After school, Ava texted Mia that Mia lost her science notebook, and she said she would look for the notebook in her locker later.
After school, Ava texted Mia that Ava lost her science notebook, and Mia said she would look for the notebook in Mia's locker later.
After school, Ava texted Mia that Ava lost her science notebook, and she said she will look for it in her locker later.
Explanation
C replaces unclear she with Ava and Mia, clearly showing who lost the notebook and whose locker is used. A still leaves she lost unclear. B incorrectly says Mia lost it. D keeps she unclear and uses will, not would, in past narration.
Hurrying down the hall, my backpack slipped off and hit the floor, making a loud thump that surprised my friend. Which revision corrects the misplaced modifier?
Hurrying down the hall, my backpack slipped off and hit the floor, making a loud thump that surprised my friend.
Hurrying down the hall, my backpack slips off and hits the floor, making a loud thump that surprised my friend.
My backpack slipped off and hit the floor, making a loud thump that surprised my friend, hurrying down the hall.
Hurrying down the hall, I felt my backpack slip off and hit the floor, making a loud thump that surprised my friend.
Explanation
D correctly makes the modifier Hurrying down the hall describe I, not the backpack. A keeps the dangling modifier. B still dangles and mixes tenses. C moves the phrase but now suggests the friend was hurrying.
We went to the park where my sister she learned to ride a bike. It was the place that we go to a lot on weekends.
Which revision corrects the error?
We went to the park where my sister learned to ride a bike. It was the place that we go to a lot on weekends.
We went to the park, my sister learned to ride a bike. It was the place that we go to a lot on weekends.
We went to the park where my sister she learned riding a bike. It was the place that we go to a lot on weekends.
We went to the park which my sister she learned to ride a bike. It was the place that we go to a lot on weekends.
Explanation
A removes the extra subject after where and is clear. B creates a comma splice and drops the helpful where. C keeps the extra she and changes learned to the awkward learned riding. D uses which incorrectly and is ungrammatical.
Yesterday morning, I am walking to school with Maya when it starts to rain hard, so we run under a tree.
Which revision corrects the verb tense errors?
Yesterday morning, I walk to school with Maya when it started to rain hard, so we ran under a tree.
Yesterday morning, I was walking to school with Maya when it starts to rain hard, so we run under a tree.
Yesterday morning, I was walking to school with Maya when it started to rain hard, so we ran under a tree.
Yesterday morning, I am walking to school with Maya when it started to raining hard, so we runned under a tree.
Explanation
C uses past progressive was walking with simple past started and ran, which matches Yesterday morning. A and B mix present and past. D adds new errors (started to raining, runned).
The permission slip says we must can bring a lunch and a water bottle from home. The teacher said there will be shade at the park.
Which option makes the sentence clear by using the modal correctly?
The permission slip says we must can bring a lunch and a water bottle from home. The teacher said there will be shade at the park.
The permission slip says we must brings a lunch and a water bottle from home. The teacher said there will be shade at the park.
The permission slip says we must to bring a lunch and a water bottle from home. The teacher said there will be shade at the park.
The permission slip says we must bring a lunch and a water bottle from home. The teacher said there will be shade at the park.
Explanation
D uses one modal (must) correctly with the base verb bring. A keeps the ungrammatical double modal. B has subject-verb disagreement (must brings). C incorrectly uses must to before the verb.
At the market, I bought a red small backpack with pockets for pencils. It looked perfect for my field trip.
Which revision orders the adjectives correctly?
At the market, I bought a red small backpack with pockets for pencils. It looked perfect for my field trip.
At the market, I bought a small red backpack with pockets for pencils. It looked perfect for my field trip.
At the market, I bought a small backpack red with pockets for pencils. It looked perfect for my field trip.
At the market, I bought an small red backpack with pockets for pencils. It looked perfect for my field trip.
Explanation
B places size before color (small red), which follows conventional adjective order. A keeps the incorrect red small order. C misplaces red after the noun. D uses the wrong article (an) before a consonant sound.
Which revision corrects the verb tense mistake? Yesterday we are walking to the park with my neighbors, and it started to rain before we got there so we run back home.
Yesterday we walk to the park with my neighbors, and it was starting to rain before we got there so we ran back home.
Yesterday we are walking to the park with my neighbors when it start to rain, so we run back home.
Yesterday we were walking to the park with my neighbors when it started to rain, so we ran back home.
Yesterday we were walking to the park with my neighbors when it start raining, so we run back home.
Explanation
C correctly uses past progressive (were walking) and simple past (started, ran). A mixes tenses (walk) and is awkward. B and D keep start and run in the wrong forms.
Which revision orders the adjectives correctly? I wore my wool blue cozy sweater to the big Friday game with my friends from school, because it was chilly outside at night.
I wore my blue wool cozy sweater to the big Friday game with my friends from school, because it was chilly outside at night.
I wore my cozy blue wool sweater to the big Friday game with my friends from school, because it was chilly outside at night.
I wore my cozy wool blue sweater to the big Friday game with my friends from school, because it was chilly outside at night.
I wore my wool cozy blue sweater to the big Friday game with my friends from school, because it was chilly outside at night.
Explanation
B follows conventional adjective order: opinion (cozy), color (blue), material (wool). A and D keep a nonstandard order. C places the color after the material, which is not standard.