Understanding Hardy-Weinberg Calculations - Biology
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Consider a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A gene in the population has two alleles. The gene pool shows a distribution of 80% of the dominant allele and 20% the recessive allele.
What percentage of the population is heterozygous for the trait?
Consider a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A gene in the population has two alleles. The gene pool shows a distribution of 80% of the dominant allele and 20% the recessive allele.
What percentage of the population is heterozygous for the trait?
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Since the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can use the following equation to determine the genotypic frequencies for the allele in question:
In this equation, 
represents the frequency of the dominant allele and 
represents the frequency of the recessive allele. The 
portion of the expression represents the frequency of heterozygotes in the population. Using the allelic frequencies given in the question, we can calculate the percentage of heterozygous individuals.
32% of the population is heterozygous for the trait.
Since the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can use the following equation to determine the genotypic frequencies for the allele in question:
In this equation,
32% of the population is heterozygous for the trait.
For a particular gene, the allele 
is dominant to the allele 
. If in a population the allele frequency for 
is 0.85, what is the frequency of individuals that are heterozygotes? Assume Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium conditions are met.
For a particular gene, the allele
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There are two equations for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:
Using the first equation, we can substitute in 0.85 for 
and solve to get 
.
We can then use the second equation to find the frequencies of each genotype.
= frequency of 
genotype
= frequency of 
genotype
(Why do we multiply by 2? Because we must count both 
and 
as heterozygotes.)
= frequency of 
genotype
Thus we get 
.
There are two equations for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:
Using the first equation, we can substitute in 0.85 for
We can then use the second equation to find the frequencies of each genotype.
(Why do we multiply by 2? Because we must count both
Thus we get
In a population of rabbits, the dominant B allele produces brown fur and the recessive b allele produces white fur. There are 544 brown rabbits and 306 white rabbits in the population.
How many of the brown rabbits would you expect to be homozygous dominant (BB)?
In a population of rabbits, the dominant B allele produces brown fur and the recessive b allele produces white fur. There are 544 brown rabbits and 306 white rabbits in the population.
How many of the brown rabbits would you expect to be homozygous dominant (BB)?
Tap to see back →
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the value of the term 
is the percentage of homozygous dominant (BB) individuals in a population. Thus, to answer this question we will need to solve for 
.
With the information we are given, we can calculate 
, which is the percentage of the population that is homozygous recessive (bb). We know the total number of homozygous recessive rabbits (306 white rabbits) and the total number of rabbits in the population (306 + 544 = 850). We can thus divide the number of white rabbits by the population total to find 
:
36% of the population is homozygous recessive. We then take the square root of 
to find 
:
This value tells us that 60% of all the alleles in the population are recessive (b).
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is based off the idea that the total number of alleles in a population is the sum of the dominant and recessive alleles, as shown by this equation:
We can use this equation to solve for 
using 
:
This value tells us that 40% of all the alleles in the population are dominant (B).
We can now square to obtain . Recall that this will be the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals in the population:
The result is 16%, meaning 16% of the rabbits in the population are homozygous dominant. We can then multiply 16% by the total population to find the number of rabbits who are homozygous dominant:
Thus, 136 homozygous dominant rabbits would be expected in this population.
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the value of the term
With the information we are given, we can calculate
36% of the population is homozygous recessive. We then take the square root of
This value tells us that 60% of all the alleles in the population are recessive (b).
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is based off the idea that the total number of alleles in a population is the sum of the dominant and recessive alleles, as shown by this equation:
We can use this equation to solve for
This value tells us that 40% of all the alleles in the population are dominant (B).
We can now square
The result is 16%, meaning 16% of the rabbits in the population are homozygous dominant. We can then multiply 16% by the total population to find the number of rabbits who are homozygous dominant:
Thus, 136 homozygous dominant rabbits would be expected in this population.
A population of frogs, which is at equilibrium, carries a dominant allele for black spots (B) and a recessive allele for no spots (b). 76 frogs have no spots, and 399 frogs have black spots.
How many of the frogs are heterozygous (Bb) for the black spot trait?
A population of frogs, which is at equilibrium, carries a dominant allele for black spots (B) and a recessive allele for no spots (b). 76 frogs have no spots, and 399 frogs have black spots.
How many of the frogs are heterozygous (Bb) for the black spot trait?
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In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the value of the term 
is the percentage of heterozygous (Bb) individuals in a population. Thus, to answer this question we will need to solve for 
.
With the information we are given, we can calculate , which is the percentage of the population that is homozygous recessive (bb). We know the total number of homozygous recessive rabbits (76 without spots) and the total number of rabbits in the population (76+ 399= 475). We can thus divide the number of frogs without spots by the population total to find :
16% of the population is homozygous recessive. We then take the square root of to find :
This value tells us that 40% of all the alleles in the population are recessive (b).
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is based off the idea that the total number of alleles in a population is the sum of the dominant and recessive alleles, as shown by this equation:
We can use this equation to solve for using :
This value tells us that 60% of all the alleles in the population are dominant (B).
Now that we have 
and , we can calculate 
. Recall that this will be the frequency of heterozygous individuals in the population:
The result is 48%, meaning 48% of the frogs in the population are heterozygous. We can then multiply 48% by the total population to find the number of frogs who are heterozygous::
Thus, 228 heterozygous frogs would be expected in this population.
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the value of the term
With the information we are given, we can calculate
16% of the population is homozygous recessive. We then take the square root of
This value tells us that 40% of all the alleles in the population are recessive (b).
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is based off the idea that the total number of alleles in a population is the sum of the dominant and recessive alleles, as shown by this equation:
We can use this equation to solve for
This value tells us that 60% of all the alleles in the population are dominant (B).
Now that we have
The result is 48%, meaning 48% of the frogs in the population are heterozygous. We can then multiply 48% by the total population to find the number of frogs who are heterozygous::
Thus, 228 heterozygous frogs would be expected in this population.
In an isolated population of ants in the Amazon rainforest, color is determined by a single gene. Ants that are homozygous dominant (BB) and heterozygous (Bb) for this gene are black, but ants that are homozygous recessive (bb) for this gene are brown.
If the phenotype frequencies are 0.75 black and 0.25 brown, what are the allele frequencies within this population?
In an isolated population of ants in the Amazon rainforest, color is determined by a single gene. Ants that are homozygous dominant (BB) and heterozygous (Bb) for this gene are black, but ants that are homozygous recessive (bb) for this gene are brown.
If the phenotype frequencies are 0.75 black and 0.25 brown, what are the allele frequencies within this population?
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We can use the Hardy-Weinberg equations to solve this question:
We know that the black allele (B) is dominant and the brown allele (b) is recessive.
Using these two equations, we know that 0.25 are homozygous recessive (brown). This value will be equal to 
.
We can then solve as follows:
Therefore, we know that the frequency of each allele is equal to 0.5.
We can use the Hardy-Weinberg equations to solve this question:
We know that the black allele (B) is dominant and the brown allele (b) is recessive.
Using these two equations, we know that 0.25 are homozygous recessive (brown). This value will be equal to
We can then solve as follows:
Therefore, we know that the frequency of each allele is equal to 0.5.
If p=0.3 and q=0.7, what will be the final genotypic frequencies of a population be under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
If p=0.3 and q=0.7, what will be the final genotypic frequencies of a population be under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
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Recall that under Hardy-Weinberg conditions, the allele frequencies remain constant. The formulas for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are:
and
Here, 
is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype, 
is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype, and 
is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype. Since we have all the variables we need, and we want to find the genotypic frequencies (not the phenotypic) we plug into the second equation.
Be sure to check to make sure these frequencies add up to 1.
Recall that under Hardy-Weinberg conditions, the allele frequencies remain constant. The formulas for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are:
and
Here,
Be sure to check to make sure these frequencies add up to 1.
If p=0.9 and q=0.1 what will be the final genotypic frequencies of a population be under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
If p=0.9 and q=0.1 what will be the final genotypic frequencies of a population be under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Tap to see back →
Recall that under Hardy-Weinberg conditions, the allele frequencies remain constant. The formulas for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are:
and
Here, 
is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype, 
is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype, and 
is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype. Since we have all the variables we need, and we want to find the genotypic frequencies (not the phenotypic) we plug into the second equation.
Be sure to check to make sure these frequencies add up to 1.
Recall that under Hardy-Weinberg conditions, the allele frequencies remain constant. The formulas for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are:
and
Here,
Be sure to check to make sure these frequencies add up to 1.
Tail length in a population of aardvarks is determined by one gene, where L=long tails and l=short tails. If the frequency of L in the population is 0.4, determine the expected frequencies of each possible genotype: homozygous dominant (LL), heterozygous (Ll), and homozygous recessive (ll).
Tail length in a population of aardvarks is determined by one gene, where L=long tails and l=short tails. If the frequency of L in the population is 0.4, determine the expected frequencies of each possible genotype: homozygous dominant (LL), heterozygous (Ll), and homozygous recessive (ll).
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To begin, we must know that we are working with the Hardy-Weinberg equations:
We can designate the dominant allele (L) as 
and the recessive allele (l) as 
.
Since the frequency of L was given (0.4) we know the the frequency of l must be:
Now we have both allele frequencies and can plug them into the equation:
So for 
, LL (homozygous dominant), is equal to 0.16
for 
, Ll (heterozygous), is equal to 0.48
for 
, ll (homozygous recessive), is equal to 0.36
To begin, we must know that we are working with the Hardy-Weinberg equations:
We can designate the dominant allele (L) as
Since the frequency of L was given (0.4) we know the the frequency of l must be:
Now we have both allele frequencies and can plug them into the equation:
So for
for
for
If p=0.9 and q=0.1 what will be the final genotypic frequencies of a population be under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
If p=0.9 and q=0.1 what will be the final genotypic frequencies of a population be under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Tap to see back →
Recall that under Hardy-Weinberg conditions, the allele frequencies remain constant. The formulas for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are:
and
Here, is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype, is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype, and is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype. Since we have all the variables we need, and we want to find the genotypic frequencies (not the phenotypic) we plug into the second equation.
Be sure to check to make sure these frequencies add up to 1.
Recall that under Hardy-Weinberg conditions, the allele frequencies remain constant. The formulas for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are:
and
Here,
Be sure to check to make sure these frequencies add up to 1.
Consider a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A gene in the population has two alleles. The gene pool shows a distribution of 80% of the dominant allele and 20% the recessive allele.
What percentage of the population is heterozygous for the trait?
Consider a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A gene in the population has two alleles. The gene pool shows a distribution of 80% of the dominant allele and 20% the recessive allele.
What percentage of the population is heterozygous for the trait?
Tap to see back →
Since the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can use the following equation to determine the genotypic frequencies for the allele in question:
In this equation, represents the frequency of the dominant allele and represents the frequency of the recessive allele. The portion of the expression represents the frequency of heterozygotes in the population. Using the allelic frequencies given in the question, we can calculate the percentage of heterozygous individuals.
32% of the population is heterozygous for the trait.
Since the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can use the following equation to determine the genotypic frequencies for the allele in question:
In this equation,
32% of the population is heterozygous for the trait.
For a particular gene, the allele is dominant to the allele . If in a population the allele frequency for is 0.85, what is the frequency of individuals that are heterozygotes? Assume Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium conditions are met.
For a particular gene, the allele
Tap to see back →
There are two equations for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:
Using the first equation, we can substitute in 0.85 for and solve to get .
We can then use the second equation to find the frequencies of each genotype.
= frequency of genotype
= frequency of genotype
(Why do we multiply by 2? Because we must count both and as heterozygotes.)
= frequency of genotype
Thus we get .
There are two equations for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:
Using the first equation, we can substitute in 0.85 for
We can then use the second equation to find the frequencies of each genotype.
(Why do we multiply by 2? Because we must count both
Thus we get
In a population of rabbits, the dominant B allele produces brown fur and the recessive b allele produces white fur. There are 544 brown rabbits and 306 white rabbits in the population.
How many of the brown rabbits would you expect to be homozygous dominant (BB)?
In a population of rabbits, the dominant B allele produces brown fur and the recessive b allele produces white fur. There are 544 brown rabbits and 306 white rabbits in the population.
How many of the brown rabbits would you expect to be homozygous dominant (BB)?
Tap to see back →
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the value of the term is the percentage of homozygous dominant (BB) individuals in a population. Thus, to answer this question we will need to solve for .
With the information we are given, we can calculate , which is the percentage of the population that is homozygous recessive (bb). We know the total number of homozygous recessive rabbits (306 white rabbits) and the total number of rabbits in the population (306 + 544 = 850). We can thus divide the number of white rabbits by the population total to find :
36% of the population is homozygous recessive. We then take the square root of to find :
This value tells us that 60% of all the alleles in the population are recessive (b).
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is based off the idea that the total number of alleles in a population is the sum of the dominant and recessive alleles, as shown by this equation:
We can use this equation to solve for using :
This value tells us that 40% of all the alleles in the population are dominant (B).
We can now square to obtain . Recall that this will be the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals in the population:
The result is 16%, meaning 16% of the rabbits in the population are homozygous dominant. We can then multiply 16% by the total population to find the number of rabbits who are homozygous dominant:
Thus, 136 homozygous dominant rabbits would be expected in this population.
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the value of the term
With the information we are given, we can calculate
36% of the population is homozygous recessive. We then take the square root of
This value tells us that 60% of all the alleles in the population are recessive (b).
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is based off the idea that the total number of alleles in a population is the sum of the dominant and recessive alleles, as shown by this equation:
We can use this equation to solve for
This value tells us that 40% of all the alleles in the population are dominant (B).
We can now square
The result is 16%, meaning 16% of the rabbits in the population are homozygous dominant. We can then multiply 16% by the total population to find the number of rabbits who are homozygous dominant:
Thus, 136 homozygous dominant rabbits would be expected in this population.
A population of frogs, which is at equilibrium, carries a dominant allele for black spots (B) and a recessive allele for no spots (b). 76 frogs have no spots, and 399 frogs have black spots.
How many of the frogs are heterozygous (Bb) for the black spot trait?
A population of frogs, which is at equilibrium, carries a dominant allele for black spots (B) and a recessive allele for no spots (b). 76 frogs have no spots, and 399 frogs have black spots.
How many of the frogs are heterozygous (Bb) for the black spot trait?
Tap to see back →
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the value of the term is the percentage of heterozygous (Bb) individuals in a population. Thus, to answer this question we will need to solve for .
With the information we are given, we can calculate , which is the percentage of the population that is homozygous recessive (bb). We know the total number of homozygous recessive rabbits (76 without spots) and the total number of rabbits in the population (76+ 399= 475). We can thus divide the number of frogs without spots by the population total to find :
16% of the population is homozygous recessive. We then take the square root of to find :
This value tells us that 40% of all the alleles in the population are recessive (b).
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is based off the idea that the total number of alleles in a population is the sum of the dominant and recessive alleles, as shown by this equation:
We can use this equation to solve for using :
This value tells us that 60% of all the alleles in the population are dominant (B).
Now that we have and , we can calculate . Recall that this will be the frequency of heterozygous individuals in the population:
The result is 48%, meaning 48% of the frogs in the population are heterozygous. We can then multiply 48% by the total population to find the number of frogs who are heterozygous::
Thus, 228 heterozygous frogs would be expected in this population.
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the value of the term
With the information we are given, we can calculate
16% of the population is homozygous recessive. We then take the square root of
This value tells us that 40% of all the alleles in the population are recessive (b).
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is based off the idea that the total number of alleles in a population is the sum of the dominant and recessive alleles, as shown by this equation:
We can use this equation to solve for
This value tells us that 60% of all the alleles in the population are dominant (B).
Now that we have
The result is 48%, meaning 48% of the frogs in the population are heterozygous. We can then multiply 48% by the total population to find the number of frogs who are heterozygous::
Thus, 228 heterozygous frogs would be expected in this population.
In an isolated population of ants in the Amazon rainforest, color is determined by a single gene. Ants that are homozygous dominant (BB) and heterozygous (Bb) for this gene are black, but ants that are homozygous recessive (bb) for this gene are brown.
If the phenotype frequencies are 0.75 black and 0.25 brown, what are the allele frequencies within this population?
In an isolated population of ants in the Amazon rainforest, color is determined by a single gene. Ants that are homozygous dominant (BB) and heterozygous (Bb) for this gene are black, but ants that are homozygous recessive (bb) for this gene are brown.
If the phenotype frequencies are 0.75 black and 0.25 brown, what are the allele frequencies within this population?
Tap to see back →
We can use the Hardy-Weinberg equations to solve this question:
We know that the black allele (B) is dominant and the brown allele (b) is recessive.
Using these two equations, we know that 0.25 are homozygous recessive (brown). This value will be equal to .
We can then solve as follows:
Therefore, we know that the frequency of each allele is equal to 0.5.
We can use the Hardy-Weinberg equations to solve this question:
We know that the black allele (B) is dominant and the brown allele (b) is recessive.
Using these two equations, we know that 0.25 are homozygous recessive (brown). This value will be equal to
We can then solve as follows:
Therefore, we know that the frequency of each allele is equal to 0.5.
If p=0.3 and q=0.7, what will be the final genotypic frequencies of a population be under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
If p=0.3 and q=0.7, what will be the final genotypic frequencies of a population be under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Tap to see back →
Recall that under Hardy-Weinberg conditions, the allele frequencies remain constant. The formulas for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are:
and
Here, is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype, is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype, and is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype. Since we have all the variables we need, and we want to find the genotypic frequencies (not the phenotypic) we plug into the second equation.
Be sure to check to make sure these frequencies add up to 1.
Recall that under Hardy-Weinberg conditions, the allele frequencies remain constant. The formulas for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are:
and
Here,
Be sure to check to make sure these frequencies add up to 1.
Tail length in a population of aardvarks is determined by one gene, where L=long tails and l=short tails. If the frequency of L in the population is 0.4, determine the expected frequencies of each possible genotype: homozygous dominant (LL), heterozygous (Ll), and homozygous recessive (ll).
Tail length in a population of aardvarks is determined by one gene, where L=long tails and l=short tails. If the frequency of L in the population is 0.4, determine the expected frequencies of each possible genotype: homozygous dominant (LL), heterozygous (Ll), and homozygous recessive (ll).
Tap to see back →
To begin, we must know that we are working with the Hardy-Weinberg equations:
We can designate the dominant allele (L) as and the recessive allele (l) as .
Since the frequency of L was given (0.4) we know the the frequency of l must be:
Now we have both allele frequencies and can plug them into the equation:
So for , LL (homozygous dominant), is equal to 0.16
for , Ll (heterozygous), is equal to 0.48
for , ll (homozygous recessive), is equal to 0.36
To begin, we must know that we are working with the Hardy-Weinberg equations:
We can designate the dominant allele (L) as
Since the frequency of L was given (0.4) we know the the frequency of l must be:
Now we have both allele frequencies and can plug them into the equation:
So for
for
for
Consider a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A gene in the population has two alleles. The gene pool shows a distribution of 80% of the dominant allele and 20% the recessive allele.
What percentage of the population is heterozygous for the trait?
Consider a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. A gene in the population has two alleles. The gene pool shows a distribution of 80% of the dominant allele and 20% the recessive allele.
What percentage of the population is heterozygous for the trait?
Tap to see back →
Since the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can use the following equation to determine the genotypic frequencies for the allele in question:
In this equation, represents the frequency of the dominant allele and represents the frequency of the recessive allele. The portion of the expression represents the frequency of heterozygotes in the population. Using the allelic frequencies given in the question, we can calculate the percentage of heterozygous individuals.
32% of the population is heterozygous for the trait.
Since the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can use the following equation to determine the genotypic frequencies for the allele in question:
In this equation,
32% of the population is heterozygous for the trait.
For a particular gene, the allele is dominant to the allele . If in a population the allele frequency for is 0.85, what is the frequency of individuals that are heterozygotes? Assume Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium conditions are met.
For a particular gene, the allele
Tap to see back →
There are two equations for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:
Using the first equation, we can substitute in 0.85 for and solve to get .
We can then use the second equation to find the frequencies of each genotype.
= frequency of genotype
= frequency of genotype
(Why do we multiply by 2? Because we must count both and as heterozygotes.)
= frequency of genotype
Thus we get .
There are two equations for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:
Using the first equation, we can substitute in 0.85 for
We can then use the second equation to find the frequencies of each genotype.
(Why do we multiply by 2? Because we must count both
Thus we get
In a population of rabbits, the dominant B allele produces brown fur and the recessive b allele produces white fur. There are 544 brown rabbits and 306 white rabbits in the population.
How many of the brown rabbits would you expect to be homozygous dominant (BB)?
In a population of rabbits, the dominant B allele produces brown fur and the recessive b allele produces white fur. There are 544 brown rabbits and 306 white rabbits in the population.
How many of the brown rabbits would you expect to be homozygous dominant (BB)?
Tap to see back →
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the value of the term is the percentage of homozygous dominant (BB) individuals in a population. Thus, to answer this question we will need to solve for .
With the information we are given, we can calculate , which is the percentage of the population that is homozygous recessive (bb). We know the total number of homozygous recessive rabbits (306 white rabbits) and the total number of rabbits in the population (306 + 544 = 850). We can thus divide the number of white rabbits by the population total to find :
36% of the population is homozygous recessive. We then take the square root of to find :
This value tells us that 60% of all the alleles in the population are recessive (b).
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is based off the idea that the total number of alleles in a population is the sum of the dominant and recessive alleles, as shown by this equation:
We can use this equation to solve for using :
This value tells us that 40% of all the alleles in the population are dominant (B).
We can now square to obtain . Recall that this will be the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals in the population:
The result is 16%, meaning 16% of the rabbits in the population are homozygous dominant. We can then multiply 16% by the total population to find the number of rabbits who are homozygous dominant:
Thus, 136 homozygous dominant rabbits would be expected in this population.
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the value of the term
With the information we are given, we can calculate
36% of the population is homozygous recessive. We then take the square root of
This value tells us that 60% of all the alleles in the population are recessive (b).
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is based off the idea that the total number of alleles in a population is the sum of the dominant and recessive alleles, as shown by this equation:
We can use this equation to solve for
This value tells us that 40% of all the alleles in the population are dominant (B).
We can now square
The result is 16%, meaning 16% of the rabbits in the population are homozygous dominant. We can then multiply 16% by the total population to find the number of rabbits who are homozygous dominant:
Thus, 136 homozygous dominant rabbits would be expected in this population.
A population of frogs, which is at equilibrium, carries a dominant allele for black spots (B) and a recessive allele for no spots (b). 76 frogs have no spots, and 399 frogs have black spots.
How many of the frogs are heterozygous (Bb) for the black spot trait?
A population of frogs, which is at equilibrium, carries a dominant allele for black spots (B) and a recessive allele for no spots (b). 76 frogs have no spots, and 399 frogs have black spots.
How many of the frogs are heterozygous (Bb) for the black spot trait?
Tap to see back →
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the value of the term is the percentage of heterozygous (Bb) individuals in a population. Thus, to answer this question we will need to solve for .
With the information we are given, we can calculate , which is the percentage of the population that is homozygous recessive (bb). We know the total number of homozygous recessive rabbits (76 without spots) and the total number of rabbits in the population (76+ 399= 475). We can thus divide the number of frogs without spots by the population total to find :
16% of the population is homozygous recessive. We then take the square root of to find :
This value tells us that 40% of all the alleles in the population are recessive (b).
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is based off the idea that the total number of alleles in a population is the sum of the dominant and recessive alleles, as shown by this equation:
We can use this equation to solve for using :
This value tells us that 60% of all the alleles in the population are dominant (B).
Now that we have and , we can calculate . Recall that this will be the frequency of heterozygous individuals in the population:
The result is 48%, meaning 48% of the frogs in the population are heterozygous. We can then multiply 48% by the total population to find the number of frogs who are heterozygous::
Thus, 228 heterozygous frogs would be expected in this population.
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the value of the term
With the information we are given, we can calculate
16% of the population is homozygous recessive. We then take the square root of
This value tells us that 40% of all the alleles in the population are recessive (b).
The Hardy-Weinberg equation is based off the idea that the total number of alleles in a population is the sum of the dominant and recessive alleles, as shown by this equation:
We can use this equation to solve for
This value tells us that 60% of all the alleles in the population are dominant (B).
Now that we have
The result is 48%, meaning 48% of the frogs in the population are heterozygous. We can then multiply 48% by the total population to find the number of frogs who are heterozygous::
Thus, 228 heterozygous frogs would be expected in this population.