Analyze Feedback and Stability Examples - Biology
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Identify the feedback type: blood $CO_2$ rises, breathing rate increases, blood $CO_2$ falls.
Identify the feedback type: blood $CO_2$ rises, breathing rate increases, blood $CO_2$ falls.
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Negative feedback. Breathing increases to remove excess $CO_2$.
Negative feedback. Breathing increases to remove excess $CO_2$.
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Identify the effector: glucagon signals a tissue to break down glycogen to glucose.
Identify the effector: glucagon signals a tissue to break down glycogen to glucose.
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Liver cells. Primary glucose release site for glucagon.
Liver cells. Primary glucose release site for glucagon.
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What is the main effect of glucagon on blood glucose?
What is the main effect of glucagon on blood glucose?
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Raises blood glucose by promoting glycogen breakdown in liver. Stimulates glucose release from storage.
Raises blood glucose by promoting glycogen breakdown in liver. Stimulates glucose release from storage.
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Identify the effector in thermoregulation when you shiver to warm up.
Identify the effector in thermoregulation when you shiver to warm up.
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Skeletal muscles. Contract to generate heat through movement.
Skeletal muscles. Contract to generate heat through movement.
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Identify the effector in thermoregulation when you sweat to cool down.
Identify the effector in thermoregulation when you sweat to cool down.
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Sweat glands. Produces sweat to cool the body.
Sweat glands. Produces sweat to cool the body.
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Identify the feedback type: body temperature drops, shivering increases, temperature rises.
Identify the feedback type: body temperature drops, shivering increases, temperature rises.
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Negative feedback. Shivering counteracts falling temperature.
Negative feedback. Shivering counteracts falling temperature.
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Identify the feedback type: body temperature rises, sweating increases, temperature falls.
Identify the feedback type: body temperature rises, sweating increases, temperature falls.
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Negative feedback. Sweating counteracts rising temperature.
Negative feedback. Sweating counteracts rising temperature.
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Which option best identifies the sequence in a homeostatic loop?
Which option best identifies the sequence in a homeostatic loop?
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Stimulus → receptor → control center → effector → response. The standard homeostatic pathway.
Stimulus → receptor → control center → effector → response. The standard homeostatic pathway.
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What is the effector’s role in a feedback loop?
What is the effector’s role in a feedback loop?
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Carries out the response that changes the variable. Executes the corrective action.
Carries out the response that changes the variable. Executes the corrective action.
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What is the control center’s role in a feedback loop?
What is the control center’s role in a feedback loop?
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Compares to set point and sends commands to effectors. Processes information and directs response.
Compares to set point and sends commands to effectors. Processes information and directs response.
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What is the receptor’s role in a feedback loop?
What is the receptor’s role in a feedback loop?
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Detects a change and sends information to the control center. Monitors and communicates changes.
Detects a change and sends information to the control center. Monitors and communicates changes.
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What term describes a change that pushes a system away from a set point?
What term describes a change that pushes a system away from a set point?
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Stimulus. A change that disrupts equilibrium.
Stimulus. A change that disrupts equilibrium.
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What term describes the target value a homeostatic system maintains?
What term describes the target value a homeostatic system maintains?
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Set point. The ideal value maintained by homeostasis.
Set point. The ideal value maintained by homeostasis.
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Which feedback type most commonly maintains internal stability: negative or positive?
Which feedback type most commonly maintains internal stability: negative or positive?
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Negative feedback. Counteracts changes for stability.
Negative feedback. Counteracts changes for stability.
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Identify the feedback type: rising thyroid hormone levels inhibit TRH and TSH release.
Identify the feedback type: rising thyroid hormone levels inhibit TRH and TSH release.
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Negative feedback. Thyroid hormone inhibits its own production.
Negative feedback. Thyroid hormone inhibits its own production.
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Which hormone primarily lowers blood calcium levels when they are high?
Which hormone primarily lowers blood calcium levels when they are high?
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Calcitonin. Promotes calcium storage in bones.
Calcitonin. Promotes calcium storage in bones.
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Identify the effector: insulin signals a tissue to store glucose as glycogen.
Identify the effector: insulin signals a tissue to store glucose as glycogen.
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Liver cells. Primary glucose storage site for insulin.
Liver cells. Primary glucose storage site for insulin.
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What is the general relationship between $CO_2$ and blood acidity?
What is the general relationship between $CO_2$ and blood acidity?
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Higher $CO_2$ increases acidity (lowers pH). $CO_2$ forms carbonic acid in blood.
Higher $CO_2$ increases acidity (lowers pH). $CO_2$ forms carbonic acid in blood.
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Identify the feedback type: blood pH drops, breathing increases, pH returns toward normal.
Identify the feedback type: blood pH drops, breathing increases, pH returns toward normal.
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Negative feedback. Breathing counteracts pH changes.
Negative feedback. Breathing counteracts pH changes.
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Which variable is directly regulated by ventilation to help control blood pH?
Which variable is directly regulated by ventilation to help control blood pH?
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Blood $CO_2$ level. Ventilation controls $CO_2$ to maintain pH.
Blood $CO_2$ level. Ventilation controls $CO_2$ to maintain pH.
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What receptors detect stretch changes in blood vessels for blood pressure regulation?
What receptors detect stretch changes in blood vessels for blood pressure regulation?
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Baroreceptors. Detect pressure changes in vessel walls.
Baroreceptors. Detect pressure changes in vessel walls.
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Identify the feedback type: blood pressure rises, baroreceptors signal, heart rate decreases.
Identify the feedback type: blood pressure rises, baroreceptors signal, heart rate decreases.
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Negative feedback. Heart rate decreases to counter high pressure.
Negative feedback. Heart rate decreases to counter high pressure.
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What term describes a normal range around a set point in homeostasis?
What term describes a normal range around a set point in homeostasis?
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Normal range. Acceptable variation around the set point.
Normal range. Acceptable variation around the set point.
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Identify the feedback type: cold causes vasoconstriction, reducing heat loss and warming.
Identify the feedback type: cold causes vasoconstriction, reducing heat loss and warming.
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Negative feedback. Vasoconstriction counteracts cooling.
Negative feedback. Vasoconstriction counteracts cooling.
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Identify the feedback type: overheating causes vasodilation, increasing heat loss and cooling.
Identify the feedback type: overheating causes vasodilation, increasing heat loss and cooling.
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Negative feedback. Vasodilation counteracts overheating.
Negative feedback. Vasodilation counteracts overheating.
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Which option best indicates positive feedback from a graph trend after a disturbance?
Which option best indicates positive feedback from a graph trend after a disturbance?
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The variable moves farther from the original level over time. Shows amplification away from baseline.
The variable moves farther from the original level over time. Shows amplification away from baseline.
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Which option best indicates negative feedback from a graph trend after a disturbance?
Which option best indicates negative feedback from a graph trend after a disturbance?
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The variable returns toward the original level over time. Shows correction back toward baseline.
The variable returns toward the original level over time. Shows correction back toward baseline.
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Identify the effector: glucagon signals a tissue to break down glycogen to glucose.
Identify the effector: glucagon signals a tissue to break down glycogen to glucose.
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Liver cells. Primary glucose release site for glucagon.
Liver cells. Primary glucose release site for glucagon.
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What term describes keeping internal conditions within narrow limits despite external change?
What term describes keeping internal conditions within narrow limits despite external change?
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Homeostasis. Maintaining stable internal environment.
Homeostasis. Maintaining stable internal environment.
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Which hormone primarily raises blood calcium levels when they are low?
Which hormone primarily raises blood calcium levels when they are low?
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PTH (parathyroid hormone). Increases calcium release from bones and absorption.
PTH (parathyroid hormone). Increases calcium release from bones and absorption.
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