AP Psychology › Other Motivation Concepts
Mikey paints every afternoon after school because he genuinely enjoys painting. What type of motivation is he exhibiting?
Intrinsic motivation
Extrinsic motivation
Psychosocial motivation
Athletic motivation
Deterministic motivation
Intrinsic motivation is defined as motivation to complete a behavior because it is internally satisfying to the person. On the contrary, extrinstic motivation is defined as motivation to complete a behavior to acquire extrinsic rewards (for example, money, food, or elevation of status).
Can sexual desire be present even when the ability to have sex is lost?
Yes, the sexual desire can be present even when the ability to have sex is lost.
No, if you can't have sex you don't want it.
Yes, because people want sex all of the time.
No, because losing the ability to have sex causes hormonal deficiencies that will make you not want it.
Yes, because we are emotional beings.
William Masters and Virginia Johnson noted in their study on the sexual response cycle that sexual desire can be present even if one does not have the ability to have sex anymore.
Parker failed an exam badly. For almost a month afterwards, he has not been able to eat, has an expectation for bad things to happen, and rarely goes to school anymore. Which of the following is he most likely experiencing?
Depression
Post traumatic stress disorder
Mania
Dissociative identity disorder
Parker's lethargic attitude and unwillingness to participate in school are most indicative of "depression." His personality has not been affected, but more so his mood and his outlook. His lack of energy is not a sign of mania and his intact personality rules out disassociate identity disorder and post traumatic stress disorder.
Which of the following is an example of a primary drive?
Sex
Creativity
Social approval
Effective communication
Knowledge attainment
A primary drive is a drive that is completely unlearned, something that any human will inherit regardless of their socialization, upbringing, or background. Primary drives are concerned with survival and reproduction. These drives for humans are hunger, sex, thirst, sleep, and bathroom needs. All of these ensure the health, maintenance, and reproduction of the human species.
Which of the following is at the top of Maslow's hiearchy of needs?
Self-actualization
Self-esteem
Safety
Physiological needs
Love
Maslow's hierarchy of needs ranges from physiological needs (at the bottom of the pyramid) to self-actualization needs (at the top of the pyramid). Self-actualization involves achieving one's unique potential, and is much more spiritually oriented than the lower levels.
What is the basic idea of the Set Point Theory?
Our body wants to maintain a certain weight
We achieve goals that we perceive to be attainable
We have an ideal point of stress in order to feel motivated to learn; we must feel challenged but not too much
We always seek to be slimmer
None of these
The Set Point Theory is the theory that the hypothalamus wants to maintain a certain ideal body weight. Once we reach that set point, our metabolism kicks in to burn off the excess food.
The Rorschach Inkblot Test and the Thematic Apperception Test are two examples of __________.
Projective tests
Aptitude tests
Intelligence tests
Achievement tests
Morality tests
Psychoanalysts use both of these projective tests in the attempt to access a patient's unconscious mind. The idea behind their use is the possibility that what sense the patient makes of an inkblot or the story they create behind an ambiguous picture will reveal hidden emotions, conflicts, or desires that have been troubling him/her without his/her direct knowledge.
Aptitude tests are used to determine an individual's underlying capacity or talent at a task; aptitudes can be mental or physical. Intelligence tests are used strictly in an attempt to measure mental acuity. Achievement tests are used to test both skill and aptitude. Morality tests are used to assess individuals' response to specific, moral situations.
According to Maslow's hierarchy, the need for esteem is __________.
Our need to achieve in order to gain approval and recognition
Our need to feel safe and secure
Our need to physically sustain ourselves
Our need to feel accepted and loved
Our need to realize our talents
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the need for esteem is the need to achieve goals for approval and recognition in our community. The need for esteem also includes self-esteem and self-approval. The need for esteem is separated into higher and lower level needs, lower being the need to be approved of by others, higher being self-esteem and approval.
According to Drive Reduction Theory, humans' bodies seek __________.
homeostasis
food
water
death
a return to the womb
The correct answer here is homeostasis, a internally balanced state in which our needs, and the drives created by those needs, are satisfied. When one is experiencing needs and drives, one is out of homeostasis.
Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation?
Painting a picture of a landscape because you love the act of painting
Painting a picture of a man because you want him to fall in love with you
Painting a picture of a landscape in order to avoid to do your taxes
Painting a picture of a landscape for a client who is paying you
Painting a picture of a landscape in hopes that it will give you the chance to get higher paying portrait work
Intrinsic motivation is when someone completes an action because the action itself is an enjoyable process. This contrasts with external motivation, where an action is completed in order to gain external reward or avoid a negative external consequence. If I'm painting a landscape because I need money and someone will buy my painting, I may enjoy painting it, but this will have been an externally motivated behavior. If I engage in an action like reading, drawing, or the like, because it is pleasurable and there is no expectation of reward, this is intrinsically motivated.