Work - AP Physics C: Mechanics
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What is work done by a force perpendicular to displacement?
What is work done by a force perpendicular to displacement?
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Zero. Perpendicular forces don't contribute to work in displacement direction.
Zero. Perpendicular forces don't contribute to work in displacement direction.
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Calculate the work done if $F = 10 \text{ N}$, $d = 10 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 30^\text{°}$.
Calculate the work done if $F = 10 \text{ N}$, $d = 10 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 30^\text{°}$.
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$86.6 \text{ J}$. $W = 10 \times 10 \times \cos(30°) = 10 \times 10 \times 0.866 = 86.6$ J.
$86.6 \text{ J}$. $W = 10 \times 10 \times \cos(30°) = 10 \times 10 \times 0.866 = 86.6$ J.
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What is the effect of increasing the angle $\theta$ on work done?
What is the effect of increasing the angle $\theta$ on work done?
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Work decreases. As $\theta$ increases from 0°, $\cos(\theta)$ decreases, reducing work.
Work decreases. As $\theta$ increases from 0°, $\cos(\theta)$ decreases, reducing work.
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What is the work done if $F = 30 \text{ N}$, $d = 5 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 180^\text{°}$?
What is the work done if $F = 30 \text{ N}$, $d = 5 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 180^\text{°}$?
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$-150 \text{ J}$. $W = 30 \times 5 \times \cos(180°) = 30 \times 5 \times (-1) = -150$ J.
$-150 \text{ J}$. $W = 30 \times 5 \times \cos(180°) = 30 \times 5 \times (-1) = -150$ J.
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What happens to work done if displacement is doubled?
What happens to work done if displacement is doubled?
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Work doubles. Work is directly proportional to displacement in the formula.
Work doubles. Work is directly proportional to displacement in the formula.
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Determine the work done when $F = 0 \text{ N}$.
Determine the work done when $F = 0 \text{ N}$.
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Zero. No force means no work can be done regardless of displacement.
Zero. No force means no work can be done regardless of displacement.
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What type of quantity is work: scalar or vector?
What type of quantity is work: scalar or vector?
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Scalar. Work has magnitude but no direction, making it a scalar quantity.
Scalar. Work has magnitude but no direction, making it a scalar quantity.
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Calculate the work done if $F = 25 \text{ N}$, $d = 10 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 0^\text{°}$.
Calculate the work done if $F = 25 \text{ N}$, $d = 10 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 0^\text{°}$.
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$250 \text{ J}$. $W = 25 \times 10 \times \cos(0°) = 25 \times 10 \times 1 = 250$ J.
$250 \text{ J}$. $W = 25 \times 10 \times \cos(0°) = 25 \times 10 \times 1 = 250$ J.
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If a force is applied but no movement occurs, what is the work done?
If a force is applied but no movement occurs, what is the work done?
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Zero. Work requires displacement; no movement means no work done.
Zero. Work requires displacement; no movement means no work done.
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How is work affected by an increase in force?
How is work affected by an increase in force?
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Work increases. Work is directly proportional to applied force magnitude.
Work increases. Work is directly proportional to applied force magnitude.
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What is the relationship between work and energy?
What is the relationship between work and energy?
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Work is energy transfer. Work transfers energy from one form to another or between objects.
Work is energy transfer. Work transfers energy from one form to another or between objects.
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What happens to work done if displacement is doubled?
What happens to work done if displacement is doubled?
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Work doubles. Work is directly proportional to displacement in the formula.
Work doubles. Work is directly proportional to displacement in the formula.
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Calculate the work done if $F = 20 \text{ N}$, $d = 4 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 60^\text{°}$.
Calculate the work done if $F = 20 \text{ N}$, $d = 4 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 60^\text{°}$.
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$40 \text{ J}$. $W = 20 \times 4 \times \cos(60°) = 20 \times 4 \times 0.5 = 40$ J.
$40 \text{ J}$. $W = 20 \times 4 \times \cos(60°) = 20 \times 4 \times 0.5 = 40$ J.
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What does the term 'negative work' imply?
What does the term 'negative work' imply?
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Force opposes displacement. Force acts against motion direction, removing energy from the system.
Force opposes displacement. Force acts against motion direction, removing energy from the system.
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What is the work done by gravity on a free-falling object?
What is the work done by gravity on a free-falling object?
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$W = m \times g \times h$. Gravitational work depends on mass, gravity, and vertical displacement.
$W = m \times g \times h$. Gravitational work depends on mass, gravity, and vertical displacement.
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Identify the work-energy principle formula.
Identify the work-energy principle formula.
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$\text{KE}_f - \text{KE}_i = W$. Net work equals the change in kinetic energy of an object.
$\text{KE}_f - \text{KE}_i = W$. Net work equals the change in kinetic energy of an object.
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Determine the work done when $F = 0 \text{ N}$.
Determine the work done when $F = 0 \text{ N}$.
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Zero. No force means no work can be done regardless of displacement.
Zero. No force means no work can be done regardless of displacement.
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What is the work done if $F = 30 \text{ N}$, $d = 5 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 180^\text{°}$?
What is the work done if $F = 30 \text{ N}$, $d = 5 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 180^\text{°}$?
Tap to reveal answer
$-150 \text{ J}$. $W = 30 \times 5 \times \cos(180°) = 30 \times 5 \times (-1) = -150$ J.
$-150 \text{ J}$. $W = 30 \times 5 \times \cos(180°) = 30 \times 5 \times (-1) = -150$ J.
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What happens to work done if force is halved, keeping displacement constant?
What happens to work done if force is halved, keeping displacement constant?
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Work is halved. Work is directly proportional to force in the formula.
Work is halved. Work is directly proportional to force in the formula.
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What is the direction of work done by friction?
What is the direction of work done by friction?
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Opposite to displacement. Friction always acts opposite to the direction of relative motion.
Opposite to displacement. Friction always acts opposite to the direction of relative motion.
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Calculate the work done if $F = 10 \text{ N}$, $d = 0 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 30^\text{°}$.
Calculate the work done if $F = 10 \text{ N}$, $d = 0 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 30^\text{°}$.
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$0 \text{ J}$. $W = 10 \times 0 \times \cos(30°) = 0$ J when displacement is zero.
$0 \text{ J}$. $W = 10 \times 0 \times \cos(30°) = 0$ J when displacement is zero.
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Identify the work done if $F = 20 \text{ N}$, $d = 2 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 60^\text{°}$.
Identify the work done if $F = 20 \text{ N}$, $d = 2 \text{ m}$, and $\theta = 60^\text{°}$.
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$20 \text{ J}$. $W = 20 \times 2 \times \cos(60°) = 20 \times 2 \times 0.5 = 20$ J.
$20 \text{ J}$. $W = 20 \times 2 \times \cos(60°) = 20 \times 2 \times 0.5 = 20$ J.
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Which condition must be met for work to be zero?
Which condition must be met for work to be zero?
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Force and displacement must be perpendicular. When $\theta = 90°$, $\cos(90°) = 0$, making work zero.
Force and displacement must be perpendicular. When $\theta = 90°$, $\cos(90°) = 0$, making work zero.
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What type of quantity is work: scalar or vector?
What type of quantity is work: scalar or vector?
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Scalar. Work has magnitude but no direction, making it a scalar quantity.
Scalar. Work has magnitude but no direction, making it a scalar quantity.
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Determine the work done if a force of 12 N moves an object 4 m at an angle of $90^\text{°}$.
Determine the work done if a force of 12 N moves an object 4 m at an angle of $90^\text{°}$.
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$0 \text{ J}$. $W = 12 \times 4 \times \cos(90°) = 12 \times 4 \times 0 = 0$ J.
$0 \text{ J}$. $W = 12 \times 4 \times \cos(90°) = 12 \times 4 \times 0 = 0$ J.
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Determine the change in work if the displacement is tripled.
Determine the change in work if the displacement is tripled.
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Work triples. Work is directly proportional to displacement in the formula.
Work triples. Work is directly proportional to displacement in the formula.
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What is the work done if a force of 10 N moves an object 5 m in the direction of the force?
What is the work done if a force of 10 N moves an object 5 m in the direction of the force?
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$50 \text{ J}$. $W = F \times d = 10 \times 5 = 50$ J when force is parallel.
$50 \text{ J}$. $W = F \times d = 10 \times 5 = 50$ J when force is parallel.
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What is the formula for work when force and displacement are parallel?
What is the formula for work when force and displacement are parallel?
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$W = F \times d$. Work equals force times displacement when they're in the same direction.
$W = F \times d$. Work equals force times displacement when they're in the same direction.
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What is work done by a force perpendicular to displacement?
What is work done by a force perpendicular to displacement?
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Zero. Perpendicular forces don't contribute to work in displacement direction.
Zero. Perpendicular forces don't contribute to work in displacement direction.
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Identify the work-energy principle formula.
Identify the work-energy principle formula.
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$\text{KE}_f - \text{KE}_i = W$. Net work equals the change in kinetic energy of an object.
$\text{KE}_f - \text{KE}_i = W$. Net work equals the change in kinetic energy of an object.
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